With the reform of the examination system, most of the comprehensive multiple-choice questions in liberal arts appear in the form of "group questions", that is, one material is designed with multiple questions. The specific solutions are as follows:
1. Understand the meaning
There is only one idea for each multiple-choice question, which is a central idea. Therefore, after seeing the test questions, you should read them carefully, quickly summarize the central idea, and finally put forward your own ideas in the form of one sentence. Then look at the question and you will find the answer soon.
Looking for keywords
Generally speaking, the keywords of each multiple-choice question are mostly in the last sentence of the stem, such as "scope keywords": economic truth, philosophical truth and so on. "Content keywords": measures are …, systems are …, and so on. "Adjective keywords": fundamental, main, etc. "Verb keywords": expression, explanation, embodiment, etc. The combination of ideas and keywords is of great help to do a slightly more difficult topic.
Step 3 eliminate mistakes
The college entrance examination questions are somewhat difficult, and even some settings are difficult for candidates to understand at the moment. In this case, it is best to remove the obviously wrong options by exclusion, and then further narrow the scope.
4. Guess method (inference method)
Never give up the chance to guess the answer to a question you really don't understand. You can guess. If most people can't do this problem, then everyone has a chance to guess the score. Firstly, the identifiable interference term is eliminated by exclusion method. If you can eliminate two, then one of the remaining two items must be the correct answer, and then choose one of them at will, which means that the probability of your correct answer is 50%. If you give up, it means giving up this 50% scoring opportunity. Don't give up even if a distractor cannot be ruled out. Choose any one of the four options, and the probability of scoring is still 25%.
5. Psychological skills
Generally speaking, in the process of answering questions in the college entrance examination, multiple-choice questions should be made first, and the main feature of multiple-choice questions is accuracy. In the initial stage of answering questions, candidates' thinking is relatively simple, which is conducive to answering multiple-choice questions. After the multiple-choice questions are finished, you can check them properly. After finishing the non-multiple choice questions, if you have time, you should not check the multiple choice questions again, because the characteristics of the non-multiple choice questions are mainly comprehensive, which is different from the requirements of the multiple choice questions. Candidates' thinking at this time is not conducive to answering multiple-choice questions, and they believe in first impressions.
Ideas and Steps for Solving Non-multiple Choice Questions
1. Read the question carefully, find out the meaning of the question, make clear the central argument and sub-argument, and determine the argument.
When reading the stem, we must first grasp the requirements and conditions provided by the stem, and make it clear that the answer is not imaginary, but analyzed from the body of the stem; Secondly, it is necessary to clarify the center and answer questions around the center in order to be consistent with the meaning of the question; Third, the central argument should be divided into several organically related sub-arguments according to the meaning of the question; Finally, it is the key to answer the question to determine the basis for analyzing and explaining the central argument or sub-argument, including policy basis, fact basis and data basis.
2. Check the number by classification and implement it in classes, sections and boxes.
Although the college entrance examination questions are ever-changing, they cannot be answered without the contents of textbooks. When reading questions, be sure to determine which chapters, sections and boxes in the textbook are used to answer them. This can narrow the scope of thinking, and then quote and organize some knowledge to answer according to the requirements of the topic.
3. Standardize the answers
The first step: first, summarize the viewpoint of the topic and show your attitude.
Step 2: Expound relevant theoretical viewpoints and explain the theoretical basis of the analysis.
Step 3: Analyze the problem with concepts, principles and viewpoints. This is the main body of the answer, and the ability to integrate theory with practice, analyze and clarify problems is reflected in this step. The level of this step depends on the level of theoretical basis. We should follow the principles of from far to near, from outside to inside, from * * * to personality, from general to special, and analyze it layer by layer.
Step 4: Get in touch with major current events. It is mainly related to the party's principles, policies and central tasks, and to major international and domestic current events in the past year, mainly referring to resolutions adopted by party congresses and people's congresses, important speeches of important leaders, and so on.
Step 5: Prove with facts (including historical facts, facts, data, etc. The answer should be not only reasonable, but also well-founded. The new textbook pays special attention to deducing basic viewpoints from basic facts, and "fact (actual) proof" should be applied to both positive discussion and refutation. "Facts prove" is often closely related to function, meaning and conclusion.
Step 6: Negative argument. After the positive discussion, it is generally necessary to point out the mistakes of negative views in order to deepen the understanding of positive views. This step is usually carried out with sentences like "If …" and "If …".
Step 7: Show your attitude or simply describe your understanding and experience. This step is essential in answering the composition questions. It can be seen in many places in the textbook that students are required to put forward corresponding requirements after expounding an idea, but their expression should not only be related to reality, but also closely follow the meaning of the topic, and do not shout slogans in vain.
4. Standardization of answering language
When answering questions, you should use the written language in the textbook, not your own language, concepts and popular sayings in society and family. Only by using the written language of the textbook can we express it in a standardized, accurate, scientific and concise way, communicate ideas and information with the marking teacher, form * * * knowledge and reduce misunderstandings.
How to get high marks
1. Answer the question accurately.
When students do problems, they should first clear their minds and don't just pick up questions to answer. They should start from the material of the question, answer whatever they need, and the answer must be accurate.
2. Reasonable time allocation
The comprehensive examination paper of liberal arts includes politics, history and geography. Which subject should I start with? I hope that students can develop a good method when doing the questions, arrange the answer time reasonably, do the simplest and most basic questions first, and stick to the order of easy first and then difficult. The comprehensive examination paper generally starts from geography, gives a spatial concept, gives a time clue by combining historical questions and historical questions, and finally gives political evaluation and understanding. If you can answer quickly from geographical space, do geographical analysis first. If it is easier for you to make a final political evaluation from material analysis, you can also do political questions first. That is to say, when analyzing comprehensive questions, you don't have to answer them in its order, but you should first choose the questions that you can easily answer according to your own examination and judgment. This will stimulate you to think about other problems, transfer knowledge, draw inferences from others, and effectively improve the scoring rate.
3. Understand the grading rules and master the key points of answering questions.
Teachers who have participated in marking the college entrance examination will find such a problem: many students write a lot on the answer sheet, but they get few points. This not only delayed the answer time, but also failed to get the deserved score. The reason is often that candidates don't grasp the essentials, that is, they can't get to the point. By analyzing the scoring rules of test papers, students and instructors can master the skills of solving and answering questions, understand the main points of answering questions, and understand the orientation of examiners, so as to achieve "less but better" answers and hit the score point every word.
Note: When marking the paper, the teacher will not grade the wrong words. For subjective questions, they will generally score according to the quality and focus of students' answers.
Open question and answer training
Open question-and-answer is a highlight of the comprehensive examination questions of liberal arts in the college entrance examination in 2003, and it is also a new trend of the college entrance examination proposition in the future. Therefore, teachers and students in senior three should pay special attention.
1. Break through the mindset and activate thinking
In the review stage of college entrance examination, teachers should guide students to break through the cognitive mode that they are used to and can only find the only "correct" conclusion while letting students master the formed subject knowledge and ready-made conclusions, so that students can understand that historical things are complicated. For example, for the understanding of "the nature of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement", three viewpoints are listed in the notes of the textbook. It is not enough for students to know only the content. They must also find out the basis of each viewpoint, so that students can think in doubt and really activate their thinking. According to this idea, we can design such an open question and answer in the discipline:
Historians have three views on the nature of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom:
(1) This is an old peasant uprising;
(2) It is a simple peasant war with the nature of bourgeois revolution;
(3) It is the bourgeois peasant revolution. According to your own understanding, please explain which view you agree with and explain the reasons.
Through training and practice aimed at breaking through the mindset, students can try to draw inferences from others, so as to achieve the effect of drawing inferences from others.
2. Strengthen skills training and optimize thinking.
As we all know, thinking ability can be trained. In the final stage of college entrance examination review, students' thinking can be optimized through thinking training such as divergent thinking. Take China's "Western Development of China" as an example, that is, divergent thinking can be the main training form. Guide students to start from the four western development activities in ancient history of China (namely, the Western Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, especially today's Xinjiang and Tibet) and the links with other countries' development processes (such as Canadian western development, Russian development of Siberia, southern Italy, Australian frontier development, American western development, etc.); I still remember that in June, 5438+October, 2000 10, China the State Council Western Development Conference launched the strategy of western development, and made an interpretation of new poems such as Peacock Flying Northwest and Spring Breeze Must Pass Yumenguan. You can also mention the opening of the second Eurasian continental bridge and the "New Silk Road" South Xinjiang Railway, the construction of projects such as "West-to-East Power Transmission", "West-to-East Gas Transmission" and Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the conception and implementation of the third-line scheme of "South-to-North Water Transfer".
In addition, students' thinking can also be divergent in the following aspects: suggestions on the implementation of the strategy of developing the western region, that is, straightening out the relationship between the eastern, central and western regions of the country, learning from the successful experiences of developed countries such as the United States, Japan and Britain in developing backward areas, and drawing on the painful lessons of the poor development results of the Brazilian government with large investment and small income; The analysis of resources in western China cited the "Loulan fever" in China and the successful holding of "99 Kunming World Horticultural Exposition". When evaluating the "westward movement" in the United States, students can adopt dichotomy and emphasis theory under the guidance of teachers, and emphatically affirm the influence of development on American economic development. In this way, the structured knowledge centered on "China's western development" brings the specialized knowledge into a more universal and extensive knowledge system, which makes the knowledge form a knowledge level from special to general in content, and enhances the flexibility and leap of thinking. The stronger the leap of thinking, the greater the possibility of innovation. On this basis, an interdisciplinary comprehensive open question-and-answer exercise is compiled.
For example: try to answer questions about the development of the western region from the natural and social perspectives;
(1) Briefly describe the reasons why the western region is relatively backward.
(2) What are the resource advantages of developing the western region?
⑶ What efforts do you think need to be made to implement the strategy of developing the western region?
In the review process, if teachers can often guide students to broaden their thinking space in the form of special topics, they can gradually improve their thinking quality.
3. Optimize the scoring criteria and allow originality.
Optimizing the grading standard from the perspective of encouraging innovation and embodying comprehensiveness is conducive to further excavating and expanding the ability examination function of open questions, and is also conducive to adjusting students' thinking and achieving an ideal state. Therefore, in the final review stage, we should carefully consider the reference answers and scoring instructions for the comprehensive exercises compiled by ourselves or others. Try to operate simply and give points reasonably. The design of answers can be multi-angle and multi-level. Pay attention to leave room for students to play, so that students can play or create ideas reasonably, so as to facilitate students to solve the questions raised.
Graphic problem solving skills
Judging from the analysis of test questions in recent years, candidates have lost a lot of points in answering questions. Many students can't tell the area clearly when they see the chart given by the topic, let alone answer the question. Knowing the map is the most basic, and candidates should strengthen their training in this area during the last review period. Students can ask each other questions to deepen their impressions, and they can also look through charts or maps in textbooks during recess. We should carefully grasp the characteristics and functions of various geographical images and charts. When answering questions, carefully read the contents displayed in images and charts, and extract explicit and implicit information from graphic materials accurately, comprehensively and effectively. We should also pay attention to the organic combination of images, charts and text materials and use them flexibly.
For example, there is a question in the comprehensive cultural and educational volume of the college entrance examination in 2002, which asks to explain the natural geographical reasons why Dunhuang cultural relics have been preserved for more than 1000 years according to the chart given. This question was originally a historical question, but from the perspective of geography, it is not difficult to answer as long as students master the basic skills of reading pictures.
When analyzing the charts and data in the comprehensive ability test of liberal arts, we should pay attention to the following factors: ① What is the background of the times reflected by the charts? ② Pay attention to the horizontal and vertical comparison of the data in the chart. ③ Synthesize the contents of one or several charts to get an overall understanding.
Literature and psychological guidance of comprehensive problem solving
1. Psychological preparation before the exam
Review before the exam should pay attention to the weak links and intuition that I think have not been fully mastered. Before the exam, you should believe that after three years' study and systematic review in senior high school, your knowledge and ability are already in place. As long as you play 80% of your usual level, you will win a great victory. The comprehensive examination of liberal arts is arranged at the end. If you do well in the first three subjects, you must make persistent efforts and strive for the final glory; If the first three subjects are average, we should be confident to achieve a breakthrough in the comprehensive subjects of liberal arts; If you can't play well in the first three subjects, you must have the determination to turn defeat into victory.
2. Psychological preparation in the exam
After the invigilator issues machine-readable cards and test papers, students should first check whether the test papers are damaged, missing pages, illegible, etc. in strict accordance with the invigilator's requirements, and if so, immediately propose solutions to the invigilator; If not, fill in your name and test number; Then check the quantity and difficulty of the whole paper and quickly determine the pace strategy of answering questions. If you think the test questions are difficult, you must believe that "all test questions are paper tigers" and "I am difficult, I am not afraid of difficulties; I change easily, I don't care "; If you find the test questions relatively simple, you should believe that a rising tide lifts all boats, and caution is the key to the last laugh.
Don't be blindly optimistic if you find that there are questions you have done on the college entrance examination paper. You must pay attention to whether the angle of questioning has changed (that is, you must have your own ideas) and answer them seriously as required; If you find new questions in the test paper that you have never encountered before, you should believe that the new questions that appear for the first time will not be difficult, and will be solved when you calm down. At the same time, we should also believe in our own strength, and there are no insurmountable difficulties.