Keywords: rural power grid line loss management analysis
China Library Classification Number: f407.6438+0 Document Identification Number: Part A:
As we all know, line loss consists of technical line loss and management line loss. When the power grid and equipment are fixed, technical measures can be taken to reduce the loss. Management line loss occupies the main part for a long time, which is often caused by metering device error, poor management and work error. Therefore, the index of line loss management directly depends on the work quality of marketing personnel. Statistical line loss, also known as actual line loss and assessment line loss, is the difference calculated according to the readings of electric energy meters for purchasing and selling electricity, that is, the difference between power supply and electricity sales, and is the only basis for superior assessment of the completion of line loss plan indicators of enterprises. We advocate the principle of "grasping with both hands and being hard with both hands". Grasp the technical line loss on one hand and the line loss management on the other, and both hands should be hard. In addition, it is an effective means to analyze the loss reduction potential of rural power grid to actively carry out benchmarking activities in the same industry and exchange and learn from each other.
1 analysis of line loss management in power supply enterprises
1. 1 lacks a comprehensive and systematic understanding of line loss management.
(1) The completion of line loss indicators reflects the level of line loss management, but after the line loss indicators are decomposed, no one cares what measures should be taken and what material guarantee and technical support should be provided to complete these indicators.
(2) After the line loss index is decomposed layer by layer, the line loss management almost permeates every corner of the daily work of county-level power supply enterprises, and there is no clear boundary for line loss management. Each unit and department has its own main business, and line loss management has become a "sideline", which cannot attract enough attention.
1.2 The organizational structure of line loss management is unreasonable.
With the development goal of "one strong and three excellent" modern company of State Grid Corporation of China, various drawbacks of the functional organizational structure of line loss management are gradually emerging. The "economic benefit" required by "strong power grid" is ignored, and all functional departments pay more attention to their daily work, so line loss management is not given priority, and problems that have direct interests with functional departments in line loss management may be better handled, but problems beyond their interests cannot be paid enough attention. From the previous analysis, it can be seen that "the difficulty of horizontal coordination and the lack of guarantee for the realization of the strategic goal of line loss" are fatal defects in the organizational structure of line loss management functions, and there are also various problems in practice.
2 power supply enterprise line loss management countermeasures
2. 1 Do a good job in technical line loss-on the basis of theoretical line loss calculation, do a good job in investment transformation.
2. 1. 1 solved the problem of pressure loss; In recent years, the operation level of rural power grid has been greatly improved by increasing the capital investment in rural power grid. Seize the great opportunity of rural power network transformation, conscientiously implement the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Technical Guidelines for Distribution Network of Jiangsu Electric Power Company, make careful planning and rational layout, and determine the power supply radius and conductor section according to the principle of "small capacity and multiple distribution points" and fully consider the reasonable voltage loss; According to the requirements that the electricity consumption of each household in rural areas is not less than 8kW and the cross section of household connecting lines is not less than 16cm, the rural low-voltage lines and household connecting lines will be reformed on a large scale to ensure the stable power supply quality.
2. 1.2 to solve the problem of energy meter loss; Before the transformation of rural power grid, the user's measurement was mainly mechanical watt-hour meter. Due to the lack of standardization in the initial installation, the selection of watt-hour meter manufacturers, the accuracy of watt-hour meters and the installation location of watt-hour meters were not considered. The installation of intelligent digital electric meters can monitor the electricity payment of each household in real time. When the electricity fee expires or the account balance is insufficient, it can not only reduce the line loss, but also be more convenient for the people.
2.2 Pay close attention to line loss management-while attaching importance to technical management, strengthen personnel management.
Although each line can calculate the reasonable theoretical line loss, the actual line loss is greater than the theoretical data because there are many other factors. After the transformation of each TV, the hardware environment is basically unchanged, and the power supply station focuses on managing line loss, which is a dynamic process and a long-term management topic, with the following characteristics:
2.2. 1 Implement line loss target management; In view of the fact that the rural power supply stations in our city have large jurisdiction, many equipments and few personnel, the line loss "reinsurance" management has been carried out, that is, the 10 kV high-voltage line routes are managed by all power supply stations in a unified way, and the main meters of rural comprehensive transformers are read by the managers of power supply stations in a centralized way. 400V and below lines are taken charge of by rural power supply personnel, realizing high and low voltage hierarchical management; Based on the comprehensive calculation of conductor length, cross-sectional area, number of business households in each station, electricity consumption and other factors, combined with the actual situation of line loss in recent years, the line loss index of each station and line is scientifically calculated; Refine to each employee and implement a regular rotation management system; Strict responsibility assessment shall be carried out, and each line loss shall be assessed every month, and the assessment shall be fulfilled.
2.2.2 Take the marketing information system as the platform to ensure that the comprehensive line loss statistics of rural transformers are more accurate and the management is more standardized. Clean up the information of rural comprehensive substation area and lines in the marketing system, and establish and improve the basic information of line loss management in the system. If the customer's meter reading circuit and meter reading case are unreasonable, make careful calculation and make reasonable adjustment; If the basic information of line loss management is not accurate, further on-site investigation shall be carried out, and the line loss of sub-lines and sub-stations shall be counted by using the line loss management function of marketing system, and abnormal line loss analysis shall be carried out normally, and relevant inspection and improvement shall be carried out according to the analysis results.
2.2.3 Regularly or irregularly carry out the special inspection activities of sub-line and sub-station marketing inspection and line loss management to ensure that the rural low-voltage line loss management is more scientific and effective. Each power supply station forms a regular meeting system of line loss analysis cycle; Clear part-time line loss administrator, regular line loss analysis, monthly, quarterly, annual analysis of substation line loss anomalies (fluctuations), form a complete written analysis report, reported to the rural power management department.
2.2.4. Implement the "three levels" of line loss management:
(1) Don't let go until you find out the reason; Every month, for stations with large fluctuation of line loss, a supervisor is responsible for organizing the search, from the station summary table to the end of the user's watt-hour meter, without missing a link; The monthly line loss analysis meeting must be presided over by the director, and find the reasons and countermeasures for the problems found one by one until the cause of the problem is found.
(2) Find out the reason and never let it go; According to the problems found, they are divided into equipment problems and personnel problems. When reading the meter, it is estimated that it is copying, leaking, stealing and private connection. For each problem, list the rectification measures, implement the responsible person, clarify the supervisor, and rectify within a time limit. If there is a problem with the watt-hour meter, the power supply station will immediately list the planned replacement, so as not to let the person in charge of the Taiwan film bear the psychological burden; In addition, in view of the long power supply radius of individual chips, the terminal voltage can not meet the needs, and the places that affect the line loss are rectified in time to ensure that the hardware is basically in place.
(3) Find out the reasons why employees are not educated; In view of the reason found out, it is to distinguish the responsibility in terms of equipment; The problems caused are not included in the personnel assessment; It is caused by personnel responsibility. Reward and punish according to the assessment method of power supply station according to the nature, and use this as a lesson to educate other employees to prevent the same mistake from happening again.
2.3 Use benchmarking activities in the same industry to carry out learning and communication between power supply stations.
2.3. 1 Strengthen the training of line loss management in power supply station, so that the personnel of power supply station can fully master the skills of line loss management. Effective loss reduction measures can be put forward from two aspects of technical line loss and management line loss. After the implementation of professional management in rural power supply stations, it is more closely related to the main business, which is very conducive to giving full play to the advantages and strengths of professional management of the main business for many years. At the same time, it can ensure that management methods, management models and technical standards can not only keep the prototype, but also add new connotations in combination with their own characteristics.
2.3.2 Strengthen the exchange and study between power supply stations and open up new ideas for line loss management. Regular exchange meetings on line loss management experience are held. Through horizontal comparison and mutual discussion among power supply stations, it is more conducive for line loss managers to master skills and skills, improve the technical level of their posts, meet the requirements of detailed and refined work, find out the gaps and deficiencies, further analyze the ability to reduce line loss, determine the target value of line loss rate, and realize the maximum reduction of line loss.
2.3.3 Conduct benchmarking activities among power supply stations to form an atmosphere of "catching up with learning". Combine peer benchmarking with professional management, enhance the management awareness of power supply personnel on line loss, further clarify tasks, find out their own shortcomings, formulate measures and implement responsibilities by carrying out peer benchmarking, comparing advanced and learning from each other, and continuously improve the professional management level of line loss of rural comprehensive transformers.
3 Conclusion
To sum up, it is not difficult to see from practice that line loss management is a lasting and long-term comprehensive work. In addition to taking various practical measures, it is also necessary to choose the loss reduction measures suitable for the local power grid according to the actual needs of the power grid in order to achieve higher social and economic benefits.
References:
Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Jiangsu Electric Power Company Distribution Network Management Code 20 10