This team was caught in a rainstorm when passing through osawa Township (now southeast of Suxian County, Anhui Province), and the road was blocked, so it could not reach Yuyang garrison as scheduled. According to the Qin law, "those who fail to return it within the time limit will be beheaded", and these 900 guards are facing the threat of death. Chen Sheng and Guangwu privately discussed: "If you die today, you will die, if you plan something big. If you wait for death, the country will die. " Chen Sheng said: "The world is painful for Ku Jin. I heard that II had a younger son, but it was not done properly. It was done by his son Fu Su. Fu Su admonished foreign generals with several words. If you are not guilty today, you will be killed by II. Many people have heard of their sages, but they don't know their death.
Xiang Yan, the general of Chu, made many contributions and loved foot soldiers. The Chu people pitied him. Or think of death, or think of death. Today, I sincerely call myself Fu Su and Xiang Yan, and sing for the world, so I should respond more. Guangwu agreed with Bobby Chen, but still hesitated, so he asked someone to do divination. The fortune teller guessed their thoughts and said, "Everything is difficult at the beginning. However, the first step of the ghost! Bobby Chen and Guangwu were very happy. They secretly wanted to know what "the ghost of divination" meant. Then they suddenly realized, "This taught me to show my ears first. "
Xiang Yan, the general of Chu, made many contributions and loved foot soldiers. The Chu people pitied him. Or think of death, or think of death. Today, I sincerely call myself Fu Su and Xiang Yan, and sing for the world, so I should respond more. Guangwu agreed with Bobby Chen, but still hesitated, so he asked someone to do divination. The fortune teller guessed their thoughts and said, "Everything is difficult at the beginning. However, the first step of the ghost! Bobby Chen and Guangwu were very happy. They secretly wanted to know what "the ghost of divination" meant. Then they suddenly realized, "This taught me to show my ears first. "
Xiang Yan, the general of Chu, made many contributions and loved foot soldiers. The Chu people pitied him. Or think of death, or think of death. Today, I sincerely call myself Fu Su and Xiang Yan, and sing for the world, so I should respond more. Guangwu agreed with Bobby Chen, but still hesitated, so he asked someone to do divination. The fortune teller guessed their thoughts and said, "Everything is difficult at the beginning. However, the first step of the ghost! Bobby Chen and Guangwu were very happy. They secretly wanted to know what "the ghost of divination" meant. Then they suddenly realized, "This taught me to show my ears first. "
Chen Sheng and Guangwu saw that the time was ripe for the uprising and decided to get rid of the captain who escorted them first. "Wu Guang loves his wife, but the foot soldiers are mostly users." When he was drunk, he deliberately angered the general and let him beat himself to arouse the indignation of the foot soldiers. The general was really trapped and picked up a stick to fight guangwu. He also drew his sword and threatened him. Guangwu jumped up and killed the general. Chen Shengzai helped and killed another general. Then, they called the guards together, called on everyone to resist Qin, and raised the banner of "No way to cut, punish Qin" in osawa Township.
Chen Sheng is a general, and Guangwu is a surname. He led the insurgents to attack osawa Township first, then Qixian County and March eastward. The main force attacked to the west, connecting several counties in eastern Henan and northern Anhui. When they advanced to Chen County (now Huaiyang, Henan Province), it was already a huge team of tens of thousands of people.
Why "pretending to be childe Fu Su and Xiang Yan" means pretending to be childe Fu Su and Chu general Xiang Yan are still alive, claiming that the uprising was launched under their leadership.
"Historical records, this matter? This is what the Chen She family recorded. When fighting started in osawa town, Chen She ordered the guards to say,' If a strong man dies, he will die, and if he dies, he will raise his name. "How dare the prince!" "All the disciples said,' I respect your orders.' Fu Su and Xiang Yan, two sons, are pretending to obey the people. "This chronicle is very clear. When Chen Sheng and Guangwu started their troops, they all had the slogan "Princes will be better", and they all obeyed the popular expectation of "pretending to be childe Fu Su and Xiang Yan", which can be said to be another slogan at the same time.
Fu Su, the eldest son of Qin Shihuang and the first heir to the Qin Empire, was unjustly killed by II. Xiang Yu's grandfather, Xiang Yan, once led the Chu army to fight against General Qin Shihuang who destroyed Chu. Due to the appearance of these two names, there are two contradictions in our existing understanding of the history of the late Qin Dynasty that are difficult to justify. First, in terms of status, Fu Su and Xiang Yan Dou are first-class aristocrats. Chen Sheng and Guangwu used them as a call to arise, which can be said to be contrary to the civilian consciousness and the essence of the peasant revolution, and completely inconsistent with the above explanation that "princes would rather have seeds". This contradiction involves a fundamental misunderstanding of the nature and background of the rebellion in the late Qin dynasty, and the author intends to elaborate it in detail later.
Here, the author just wants to make a conclusive hint: the nature of the rebellion at the end of Qin Dynasty was the revival of the six countries, and the characteristics of the times were the post-Warring States period. "A prince would rather have seeds!" The original intention of the novel is to mourn the king's grandson and sympathize with the tragic fate of the old nobles in the six countries. The correct explanation should be that the old nobles in various countries were brutally eliminated by the Qin family. Can you find any species (offspring) now? This meaning is the original meaning in the context of the original text and the historical background at that time. As for Bobby Chen, although he once worked as a farm worker, he was by no means a natural farm worker. Why did he fall into such a state and become an extremely poor "leftist" is also a question that needs to be investigated. I have another article about this, so I won't say much here.
Another unexplained contradiction caused by the simultaneous appearance of Fu Su and Xiang Yan is that their Qin Chu origin is not in harmony with Chen Sheng's and Guangwu's anti-Qin and anti-Chu aims. The purpose of Guangwu Uprising in Chen Sheng was to destroy Qin and prosper Chu. Xiang Yan was a general who directed the Chu army against Qin. He died in Qixian County where Daze Township is located. It is natural that the Fuchu rebels called on the Chu people in his name.
However, Fu Su, the eldest son of Qin Shihuang, is the legitimate heir to the throne of the Qin Dynasty. It is puzzling that the anti-Qin rebels juxtaposed his name with Xiang Yan as a call. "Uprising in the name of Fu Su, opposing tyranny without opposing Qin politics, not only conforms to the feelings of the people of the whole country, but also contributes to the disintegration of the Qin government." Although it is a truth, it is always far-fetched and unsatisfactory.
Mr Fujita, a famous Japanese historian, made a bold and reasonable speculation on the historical hidden story that Fu Su and Xiang Yan appeared in the slogan of the rebel army at the same time in the third chapter of his new book "The Times of Xiang Yu and Liu Bang —— The Rise and Fall of the Qin and Han Empire" (Selected Books of the Forum, September 2006).
Mr. Fujita believes that the reason why Fu Su appeared here with Xiangyan may be because of his biological mother. Fu Su's mother may be a royal daughter born in Chu. Fuxi and Chu are related by blood because of his mother. Fu Su died unjustly at the hands of II, and Chu people sympathized with Fu Su. The insurgents who revived Chu called for Fu Su, so that a reasonable explanation could be obtained. Furthermore, Mr. Fujita thinks that there is a key person who connects Fu Su and Xiang Yan at the same time, and this person is Chang Pingjun.
Chang Pingjun, the son of Chu, played an important role in the Lao Ai Rebellion, a major historical event in the establishment of Ying Zheng, the king of Qin. He may be the messenger who escorted Fu Cha's mother to the State of Qin. Mr. Fujita's point of view is of course speculation without direct evidence. But this speculation is based on the very close and complicated relationship between Qin Chu and China since the Warring States Period, which is quite reasonable. Mr. Fujita's speculation was once inspired by Mr. Tian Yuqing's famous paper "Talking about Zhang Chu-Discussion on" Qin Chu's Death ". Chang Pingjun's deeds are mainly found in Mr. Tian's articles.
After the rebel army occupied Chen County, Chen Sheng called the elders and heroes of Chen County to discuss. All the elders and heroes said, "The general is strong and sharp, and there is no way to cut. He can punish Qin, rebuild Chu State, and be king with merits." At this time, the famous tourists from the society also came to Chen County, and Chen Sheng asked for their opinions.
Chen Yu said, "May the general lead troops to the west on behalf of the king and send people to build six countries, build a party for himself and benefit the enemy for Qin. When the enemy has more troops, the soldiers are stronger. So there were no soldiers in the wild, no guarding city in the county, and the Qin dynasty was severely punished. According to Xianyang, all the governors ordered it. When a vassal dies, he can be established and served with virtue, so as to achieve the imperial industry. Today, Wang Chen is alone, fearing that the world will be solved. " However, Chen Sheng was eager to be king, did not listen to Zhang Er and Chen Yu, and established himself as "King Zhang Chu". He divided his troops into three ways to attack the State of Qin. One route was led by Guangwu, the "fake king", and attacked Xingyang in the west; A route, led by Chen Wu, Zhang Er and Chen Yu, goes north to Zhao Di; A route led by Zhou attacked Wei land.
The result was blocked in Xingyang, and Li You, the son of Li Si, was trapped in Xingyang. Wu Guangjiu could not attack, and Chen Sheng sent troops to the western expedition of Qin. Zhou Wenjun quickly developed into a war zone in Guanzhong (now Lintong, Shaanxi), with hundreds of thousands of casualties, almost rivaling Xianyang, Qin Dou. Qin Ershi panicked, recruited criminals who repaired Li Mountain as soldiers, and ordered Shaofu Zhang Han to lead the troops into battle, thus destroying hundreds of thousands of troops who committed suicide in Zhou Wen.
Zhoucheng marched into the territory of Lao Wei and Lao Qi. After arriving in Di county, Di killed Di county magistrate, established himself as the king of Qi, and led the army to counterattack Zhoucheng. Zhoucheng established the old aristocratic state of Wei in Wei, blaming Wang Wei and taking himself as the prime minister of Wei. Because Chen Wu and others played their own abacus after claiming the king, there was discord within the rebel army, which formed a split situation.
Zhang Han saw that the rebels were dispersed and took the opportunity to divide and rule. After defeating Zhou Wen, he attacked Xingyang eastward. Before Qin Jun arrived, the rebels who attacked Xingyang had already had civil strife. Because Guangwu was complacent and did not understand military affairs, he was killed by Tamura. Subsequently, Tian Cang led a good soldier to fight against Zhang Han, and he was defeated and died. So they attacked Chen county, and the insurgents fought a battle and failed. Chen Sheng retired to his father (now Mengcheng, Anhui Province) and was killed by the driver Zhuang Jia. After his death, Chen Sheng was buried in Dangxian, the reclusive king of posthumous title.
Although the Zhang Chu regime established by Chen Sheng only existed for half a year, the raging fire against Qin that he ignited did not go out, but it became stronger and stronger. Xiang Yan's son Xiang Liang and Xiang Liang's nephew Xiang Yu killed Qin Huiji's garrison in Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) and rose up against Qin. Soon Xiang Liang led 8,000 children across the river to the north, Lien Chan won, and the team quickly expanded to 670,000. Liu Bang, curator of Peixian County, led the criminals to attack Peiling, and was later assigned to the Xiang Liang Army.
After the news of Chen Sheng's murder came, Xiang Liang called people to discuss the countermeasures against Qin. Fan Zeng, 70, told Xiang Liang, "Whether Chen wins or loses, we must be firm. When his father destroyed six countries, Chu was the most innocent. I have no objection to the king's entry into Qin. The Chu people are still pitiful. Therefore, the South Palace of Chu said,' Although there are three Chu clans, Qin will die.' Now Chen Shengshou is the first to stand on his own feet and not stand behind Chu, which will not last long. Today, the monarch rose in the south of the Yangtze River, and the generals who rose in the south of the Yangtze River were all fighting for the monarch in order to restore the State of Chu. "So Xiang Liang listened to public opinion and made Chu Huaiwang's grandson the king of Chu, calling himself Wu Xinjun and continuing to fight against Qin Jun.
Later, Xiang Liang was defeated in Dingtao, and led the army across the river to attack Zhao. The army led by Wang Li was surrounded by Qin and stationed in Giant Lucheng (now Pingxiang, Hebei). The king of Chu sent a general and a second general, Xiang Yu, to save Zhao, and sent Liu Bang to rally Chen Sheng and Xiang Liang to attack Qin in the west.
When Song went to Anyang, he saw that Qin Jun was too strong to stay. Xiang Yu killed Yi Song, led the troops to cross the river and kick down the ladder. Everyone only brought three days' food, and they fought a decisive battle with Qin Jun. As a result, they won nine wars and nine victories, greatly breaking Qin Jun and solving the siege of the giant deer. Xiang Yu gained great fame and was promoted to a vassal general. Soon, Zhang Han, afraid of being framed by Zhao Gao, led two hundred thousand Qin Jun to surrender to Xiang Yu.
Chen Sheng, the pioneer of anti-Qin, has always been remembered by Liu Bang. After he acceded to the throne, he sent thirty families to guard Chen Sheng's tomb. Sima Qian made a biography for Chen Sheng in Historical Records, and listed Chen She family after Confucius family and before other families in the early Han Dynasty, in order to fully affirm Chen Sheng's historical achievements.