1983, little Duvalier imitated his father and manipulated the parliament to amend the constitution and recognized him as the president for life. 1985, he held a "referendum" and held an election without competitors; He used all kinds of fraud and was elected president with 99.9% of the votes. This scam immediately aroused strong dissatisfaction from the opposition and the Catholic Church. On the eve of the election, a 78-year-old Belgian priest was beaten to death by the police. After the election, three priests were deported, further intensifying the contradiction between the government and the church. At this time, Haiti began to form a situation in which the general public, opposition figures and churches opposed dictatorship.
The end of family power
1985165438+10 In October, students from Gona? ves held a demonstration on127 October to protest against the government's suppression of the celebration of the International Youth Year. The next day, students marched again, and many citizens joined in, shouting slogans such as "Down with the Constitution". The parade was suppressed by the army and the police. Four students were shot and dozens were injured. Then, the government conducted a big raid in the city. The bloodshed in Gona? ves shocked the whole country. 1986 65438+ 10. In addition to the March in Gona? ves, students in Cap-Ha? tien also held strikes and demonstrations. The wave of struggle spread to the capital and other cities, and more and more people participated. The masses held demonstrations for several days, shouting slogans such as "Down with Duvalier, Democracy, Opposing Hunger and Poverty". In some southern cities, angry people burned government buildings, robbed warehouses and shops, attacked members of Tungton Makut, set up roadblocks and surrounded military camps. In the capital and other cities, there has been a serious confrontation between the broad masses of people and the government. According to the estimate of the church, at least 1.000 people were shot by the military and police in the two months from 1.985 to 1.000. With the people's anti-government struggle rising day by day, little Duvalier tried to save the situation and reorganize the cabinet with high-handed policies. 1986 65438+1October 3 1, Little Duvalier declared martial law all over the country, closed the progressive radio station, and suppressed the masses more cruelly, but to no avail. At this time, the United States asked Haiti to hold elections, which was rejected by Little Duvalier. On February 3, an unprecedented strike broke out in Port-au-Prince, and all localities responded. The storm of anti-dictatorship swept across the country. The United States is worried that the deterioration of the situation will trigger a revolution, so it urges Duvalier Jr. to step down early. Seeing that the general trend was gone, little Duvalier fled on a military plane arranged by the United States with his family and cronies and more than $654.38 billion in cash on February 7 and took refuge in France. The "most corrupt and bloody modern dynasty" in the Caribbean finally collapsed after nearly 30 years of rule.
Exile life
Duvalier lived a very luxurious life during his exile in France. This consumed a lot of his wealth.
1993, when Duvalier divorced Michelle, he was almost penniless because most of his property was taken away by his ex-wife. Since then, Duvalier has been living on the support of some followers.
During his exile in France, the prosecution of his atrocities never stopped, but all ended in failure. 1998, a photographer named Genard Blanchard set up a non-governmental organization in Paris to bring Duvalier to justice overseas. At the same time, the French Interior Minister also stated that the border control between countries participating in the Sengen Agreement will be abolished, and the prosecution of Duvalier by other Sengen countries will be recognized by France as equally effective. However, Duvalier's lawyer still stressed that Duvalier lives in France and is only bound by French law.
Duvalier Jr., who went into exile in France in February 2004, expressed his hope to return to Haiti. Although Duvalier claimed that he "has no plans to seek re-election". However, Haitian public opinion began to pay attention to Duvalier's desire to return to China under the current chaotic situation in Haiti.
On September 22-23, 2007, Duvalier made a radio address to the Haitian people, calling on his supporters to prepare for his return. On September 28th, Haitian President René Pré val refused to accept Duvalier's apology and threatened that if Duvalier returned to Haiti, he would face imprisonment.