1. Start a war

1870 in July, Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte launched a war between France and Prussia, but the result was a fiasco of the French army. 1On September 2nd, 870, the French emperor Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte, who was besieged in Sedang, ordered to surrender, and the Second Empire collapsed with the emperor's surrender. On September 4th, a revolution broke out in Paris, announcing the establishment of the Third Republic. The new government, composed of the bourgeoisie and the Orleans elements, is called the "national defense government". Prussia was not satisfied with the emperor's surrender and continued to attack France on a large scale. On September 65438, 2009, Pu Jun surrounded Paris. The growing polarization between the rich and the poor over the years, coupled with the current food shortage, the failure of the army and the constant shelling of the Prussian army, have finally greatly aggravated the dissatisfaction of all walks of life. Parisians, especially the working class and the middle and lower classes, have always wanted to establish a democratic republic. A clear demand is that Paris should be autonomous, have its own elected parliament and enjoy the same rights as other small French towns, but this demand was rejected by the government for fear of illegal civilians. A related but unclear desire is to manage the national economy in a fairer and even socialist way. These requirements boil down to a slogan: building a "socialist democratic country". 187 1 year 1 month, four months after the siege, the ruling national defense government sought to sign a ceasefire agreement with the newly declared German Empire. The Germans demanded that a clause be added to the peace agreement to allow German troops to enter Paris during the triumph ceremony. Despite being besieged for many days, many Parisians are still very angry and resolutely opposed to the Prussians (Prussia is now a new empire-the German Empire) announcing their occupation of their city with any ceremony. At that time, 300,000 Parisians were armed members of a civil organization called the French National Guard, which had been greatly expanded to help defend the city. Self-defense forces elect their own officials, all from the working class, including radicals and socialist leaders. They further formed the "Central Committee" of the Self-Defense Forces, including patriots and socialists, to defend Paris, thwart the German attack, defend the * * * and the political power, prevent the restoration of the monarchy, defeat the majority election supporting the monarchy held in February 187 1, and form a new national assembly.

fearless

In the face of defeat, the people of Paris have no women and children to help carry two national guard cannons.

Afraid, and ready to fight the enemy to the end in the armed conflict caused by the German army entering the city. Therefore, before the Germans entered Paris, garde nationale had managed to move a large number of cannons (which they thought were their assets, because part of the funds for purchasing these cannons came from government bonds issued by the state) out of the only way for the Germans and stored them in some relatively safe places. One of the major "cannon parks" is located in the Mont martel Highland. Adolf thiers, the head of the newly established interim government, realized that under the current unstable situation, the Central Committee had formed another political and military power center. In addition, he was worried that the workers would arm themselves with the weapons of the National Guard to anger the Germans.

In this paragraph, edit the appearance and nature of the Paris Commune.

The establishment of the Paris commune

Destroy the Arc de Triomphe when the Paris Commune came to power.

1870, France was defeated in the war with Prussia. The people's uprising in Paris overthrew the rule of the Second Empire, established the * * * Republic, namely the third * * Republic of France, and the bourgeoisie seized power. The bourgeois provisional government adopted a subconscious attitude towards the Prussian army approaching Paris. 187 1 In February, it initialled a treaty with Germany (Prussia was a confederate state of Germany at that time), agreeing to compensate Germany for 5 billion francs and cede parts of Alsace and Lorraine provinces to Germany. At the same time, the army was mobilized to prepare for the disarmament of the Paris National Guard. 1871March18 in the early hours of the morning, government troops were found trying to seize the Mont-martel highlands and the Mont-Somont highlands. The people of Paris fought back and occupied the strategic location of the city that night. Thiers, the prime minister of the interim government, fled Paris in embarrassment and moved to Versailles. Soon, the Paris Commune was established, which was the embryonic form of the first proletarian regime. Many leaders of the Paris Commune are members of the First International.

Style of Paris Commune (20 photos)

Historical significance

The Paris Commune is a great attempt by the proletariat to overthrow bourgeois rule and establish proletarian dictatorship. Its practice enriches Marxist theory about proletarian revolution and dictatorship. Its experience and lessons are valuable assets of the international socialist movement. The heroic and unyielding spirit of commune soldiers against powerful enemies will go down in history forever.

The Paris Commune is the first attempt by the proletariat in the world to seize urban power directly by armed violence. It enriched and developed Marxist theory of class struggle and socialism, and wrote a glorious, great and tragic page in the international proletarian movement. It is true that due to the political and economic conditions at that time, capitalism in the world was in a period of rising and great development, and the bourgeoisie was struggling with feudal forces in the final stage. This proletarian uprising, which happened in the early stage of capitalist industrialization, could not realize its desire to overthrow capitalist rule and realize scientific socialism. However, as a feat, it brings us education and reflection. It profoundly shows that democracy in capitalist society is only democracy within the bourgeoisie. When the struggle of the proletariat threatens the interests and security of the bourgeoisie, the bourgeoisie will not hesitate to throw the proletariat into a pool of blood.