1, three-character classics for educational figures
Sue Midwife: Socrates' "Midwife Technique"
Lu Ziran: Rousseau's "Naturalism" Education
Pei Psychology: Pestalozzi's Slogan of "Psychological Education"
Ross whiteboard: Locke's whiteboard says
Praise for Development: Developmental Teaching in zankov
Nagoufa: Bruner's Structuralism and Discovery Learning
Bloom's three-dimensional goal
Examples of Ceramic Tiles: Teaching Examples of Raw Paint for Ceramic Tiles
Su Quan: Suhomlinski's "All-round and Harmonious Development"
Special norms: Herbart is the father of normative/scientific pedagogy.
Wei children: Dewey's child-centered theory
American education: Comenius' great teaching theory and the independence of standard pedagogy.
6. The cultural function of education
(1) Education has the function of transmitting and preserving culture.
(2) Education has the function of spreading and exchanging culture.
(3) Education has the function of selecting and promoting culture.
(4) Education has the function of renewing and creating culture.
Formula: two biographies, choose the new one, and promote culture.
7. School education plays a leading role in human development.
(1) School education is a purposeful, planned and organized activity to train people.
(2) School education is carried out by specially trained teachers, and the effect is better.
(3) School education can effectively control and influence various factors of students' development.
Formula: Female (objective) chicken (planned) group (organization) drills (special) holes (control)
8. The unique function of school education
(1) School education sets social norms for individual development.
(2) School education has the special function of promoting individual development.
(3) The influence of school education on individual development has immediate value and delayed value.
(4) Schools have the function of developing individual special talents and personalities.
Formula: Return (mark) home (speed up) deliver (instant) pickled (delayed) vegetables (talents)
9, the main theoretical study
Pavlov's dog, Thorndike's cat.
Skinner's mouse and Kohler's orangutan catch bananas.
Corresponding psychological experiments: Pavlov's classical conditioned reflex, Thorndike's trial and error theory, Skinner's operant conditioned reflex and Kohler's epiphany theory. )
Bruner: I found it! Ausuper: "I accept!"
Gagne: "I'll learn by classification."
1. Bruner: Modern cognitive learning theory attaches importance to people's initiative and the role of existing experience, the intrinsic motivation of learning and the development of students' thinking, and advocates knowledge discovery learning.
2. Ausubel: Cognitive-receptive learning, also known as "meaningful learning", holds that new knowledge should be related to the existing appropriate concepts in learners' cognitive structure, which is contrary to mechanical learning.
Gagne: Learning is divided into language information, intellectual skills, cognitive strategies, motor skills and attitudes. Formula: only (intellectually) recognize the applied language.
10, the main theory of psychological development
Genetic cognition Piaget, a newly developed Vygotsky.
1. Piaget's cognitive development theory: perceptual movement stage (0-2 years old); Preoperative stage (2-7 years old); Specific operation stage (7- 1 1 year); Formal operation stage (1 1- 16 years old). Formula: remember the content-dare to (touch) pull (front) giant (belt) star (shape); Remember age-love (2) curiosity (7) art (1 1)
2. Vygotsky's theory of recent development: the gap between students' current level and possible development level is the area of recent development.
1 1, learning motivation theory
Keywords Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, achievement motivation, Atkin,
The attribution of success or failure is Weiner, self-efficacy Bandura.
1. Maslow: physiological needs, security needs, belonging and love needs, respect needs and self-realization needs. Formula: Physical safety is the basis of self-esteem and sense of belonging.
2. Atkinson: the motivation to strive for success and avoid failure.
3. Weiner: three dimensions (internal and external attribution, stable and unstable attribution, controllable and uncontrollable attribution), formula: internal and external stability is controllable.
Six factors (ability, effort, task difficulty, good or bad luck, physical and mental state, external environment), formula: ability (ability) effort must never allow (task) to rely on physical (physical and mental) external (external) luck.
4. Bandura: Self-efficacy theory refers to people's subjective judgment on whether they can successfully engage in an achievement.
12, methods to improve memory ability
1. Clarify the purpose of memory and enhance the initiative of learning.
2. Understand the meaning of materials and use less mechanical memory.
3. Fine processing of materials to promote in-depth understanding.
4. Use chunk learning strategy to organize materials reasonably.
5. Use a variety of coding methods to improve the quality of information processing.
6. Pay attention to review methods to prevent knowledge from being forgotten.
Formula: the purpose and meaning are refined, and the chunk coding is heavy.
13, how to stimulate students' learning motivation
1. Create problem situations and implement heuristic teaching to stimulate students' interest in learning and keep their curiosity;
2. Properly control the incentive level according to the difficulty of operation;
3. Make full use of feedback information and reward and punish appropriately;
4. Correctly guide the attribution of grades and urge students to continue their efforts.
Formula: If attribution is difficult, rewards and punishments will be given according to the situation.
14, Strategies to Promote Learning Transfer
1.？ Selected teaching materials;
2. Reasonable arrangement of teaching content;
3. Reasonable arrangement of teaching procedures;
4. Teach learning strategies and raise awareness of transfer.
Formula: Three teaching strategies (teaching materials, teaching contents and teaching procedures) (learning strategies)
15. Briefly describe how to organize review to prevent forgetting.
1. Review in time
2. Reasonable allocation of review time
3. Combination of decentralized review and centralized review.
4. Diversified review methods
5. Use a variety of senses to participate in review.
6. Try to remember and remember repeatedly.
Formula: official (sense) prescription (method) remember (remember) recall (recall)-gather (gather) divide (disperse) gather (combine) combine (reason)
16, factors affecting problem solving
1. Problem situation
2. Fixed mindset and function
3. Prototype inspiration
4. Existing knowledge and experience
5. Motivation intensity
Formula: Knowledge is fixed there, and situations stimulate different learning motivations.
17, common psychological counseling methods
1. Strengthening method
2. Token reward method
3. Behavior modeling methods
4. Model law
5. Aversion therapy
6. System desensitization method
Formula: Forcing (reinforcement) behavior (desensitization) to leave the organization (demonstration) is disgusting (disgusting).
18, moral principles
(1) Consistency and consistency of education.
(2) Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
(3) Be good at saving the lost.
(4) guidance.
(5) gfd.
(6) Combination of knowing and doing.
(7) Combination of collective education and individual education.
(8) Respect for students is combined with strict requirements.
Formula: one battalion (cause) is long, two guides and three combinations.
19, moral education methods
(1) persuasion education method.
(2) Model Law.
(3) Exercise methods.
(4) Forming method.
(5) Moral evaluation method.
Formula: Persuade role models to make ceramics together.
20, the way of moral education
(1) Ideological and Political Course and Teaching of Other Subjects
(2) Social practice activities
(3) Extracurricular activities
(4)*** Communist Youth League activities
(5) Class meeting, school meeting, weekly meeting and morning meeting
(6) The work of the class teacher
Formula: Class 1 teaching (teaching), Class 2 teaching (class meeting+class teacher's work), Class 3 meeting (social practice activities+extracurricular activities+Youth League Committee * * *) and Class 4 meeting (class meeting+school meeting+weekly meeting+morning meeting).
2 1, organize training classes collectively
(1) Establish the same goal of class collective development.
(2) Establish the class collective core team.
(3) Establish the normal order of the class collective.
(4) Organize various educational activities.
(5) Cultivate correct public opinion and good class spirit.
Formula: The team has goals and order, and organizes activities to improve the class spirit.
22, the principle of class management
(1) directivity principle
(2) the principle of overall management
(3) the principle of independent participation
(4) the principle of combining teaching with management
(5) the principle of motivating all employees.
(6) the principle of parallel management
Formula: Fang Ziping teaches students two-way development.
23, the principle of dealing with class emergencies
(1) educational principles
(2) the principle of objectivity
(3) the principle of effectiveness
(4) the principle of acceptability
(5) the principle of cold treatment
Formula: Education can be treated coldly when guests are present.
24, class emergency handling strategy
(1) Face it frankly.
(2) acquiescence and decisive response
(3) fair and democratic handling
(4) Be good at summarizing and guiding.
(5) Ensure the teaching progress.
Formula: eat chicken (machine) and pot (guarantee) and drink cold drink (lead)
25. How does the class teacher educate students with learning difficulties?
(1) Help students to exercise their study perseverance and cultivate good study habits.
(2) Activating learning motivation and eliminating learning weariness.
(3) Strive for effective support from parents and all walks of life, and build a good support system.
(4) Improve students' evaluation methods and establish a good support system.
Formula: habit and motivation, parents' evaluation. Look at this.
26, class collective has four characteristics.
(1) It is clear that * * * has the same goal.
(2) a certain organizational structure
(3) a certain standard of living
(4) The atmosphere of mutual equality and compatibility among members of the collective.
Formula: the standard of marriage (atmosphere)
27. Establish a good relationship between teachers and students.
(1) Understanding and studying students
(2) Establish a correct view of students.
(3) Improve teachers' own quality.
(4) Establish the prestige of teachers.
(5) Carry forward education democracy.
(6) Correctly handle the contradiction between teachers and students
Formula: Two students clashed with migrant workers they had never met before.
28, the characteristics of good teacher-student relationship
(1) Respect teachers and love students
(2) Democracy and equality
(3) Teaching and learning learn from each other
(4) Psychological compatibility
Formula: teaching psychology, teacher-student democracy
29, the basic task of teaching
(1) enables students to master systematic modern scientific and cultural knowledge and form basic skills and technologies.
(2) Developing students' intelligence, especially cultivating students' ability and creativity.
(3) Develop students' physical strength and promote health.
(4) Cultivate students' scientific world outlook, good ideology and morality, healthy aesthetic taste and good psychological quality.
Formula: double skills+all-round development (all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor)
30, the basic stage of the teaching process
(1) Stimulate learning motivation.
(2) Understand knowledge.
(3) Consolidate knowledge.
(4) Applying knowledge.
(5) Check knowledge.
Formula: A few years later, I accidentally found (checked) a briefcase.
3 1, the current teaching principles in China
(1) the principle of the unity of ideological and scientific.
(2) The principle of integrating theory with practice.
(3) the principle of intuition.
(4) Heuristic principle.
(5) The principle of gradual progress.
(6) the principle of merger.
(7) The principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
(8) the principle of ability.
Formula: Go straight to the bow (gong) to find (follow) English (cause) food (quantity) food (thinking)
32, the basic law of the teaching process
(1) Direct experience and indirect experience are related (indirect method)
(2) Mastering knowledge and developing ability (development law)
(3) The leading role of teachers and the main role of students are unified (bilateral method)
(4) the unity of mastering knowledge and ideological education (education law)
Formula: The teacher found a pair of students in love indirectly.
33. Types of teaching methods
(1) Language teaching methods: lectures, conversations and reading guidance.
(2) Intuitive teaching methods: demonstration and visit.
(3) Practical teaching methods: practice, experiment and practice.
(4) Research teaching method: discussion and discovery.
Mouth formula: move your mouth (language), eyes (intuition), hands (practice) and brain (research).
The professor is reading in the pulpit.
Eye movement: greedy eyes (see).
Hands-on: 2 actual combat drills.
Use your head: send.
34. Basis for choosing teaching methods
(1) Considering the characteristics and functions of teaching methods, flexible selection and comprehensive application.
(2) Choose teaching methods according to the subject characteristics and learning content.
(3) Choose teaching methods according to teaching objectives.
(4) Choose teaching methods according to students' characteristics.
(5) Choose teaching methods according to the characteristics of existing teaching media.
Formula: The inside story (target) of the media's special fire
35. Advantages and disadvantages of class teaching system
(1) Advantages:
(1) is conducive to economic, effective and large-scale personnel training.
(2) It is beneficial to play the leading role of teachers.
(3) It is conducive to the collective role of students.
Formula: Leading the collective economy
(2) Disadvantages:
① Students' subjective status or independence is restricted.
② It is not conducive to cultivating the spirit of exploration, creative ability and practical ability.
(3) Teaching faces the whole class and emphasizes unity, so it is difficult to take care of the individual differences of students.
Formula: Explore the main differences
36, the standard of a good class
(1) The purpose is clear.
(2) The content is correct.
(3) The method is proper.
(4) The structure is reasonable.
(5) Language arts.
(6) The atmosphere is warm.
(7) The blackboard is neat and orderly.
(8) Peace of mind.
Mouth formula: clear content; The method is reasonable; Warm language; Write quietly on the blackboard.
Author: Li Fuyong