He himself said that his predecessor was a commercial capitalist and his family was relatively rich. Five or six years after birth, my family was very poor, very poor. At the age of seven, my father died and my sister died young. His mother Gu Qingyun took him and his sister Sha Peizhen (later renamed Jie Sha) to live. He has great respect for his mother. When I was a child, I went to Hong Fei Primary School in Haining Road. 15 years old as an apprentice in Shanghai Dafeng cotton wholesale company, 20 years old as a cashier.

Shanghai Law University was founded at the end of 1926. Many famous people, such as Zhang Taiyan, Yu Youren, Chu Fucheng, Qian Xinzhi, Cai Yuanpei, Shen Junru, Dong Shoujing and Pan Lishan. , once served as the principal or board member of the school. When the Northern Expedition was successfully developed, many teachers and students took part in the revolutionary work, so the reputation of the school was booming.

After the counter-revolutionary coup in April 12, the Kuomintang Shanghai Party Department repeatedly forced the school to expel 12 so-called cross-party elements, and the principal Pan Lishan was assassinated by secret agents. In this case, Chu Fucheng was promoted to temporary principal, and Shen Junru was appointed as provost. 1928 65438+ 10, Chu Fucheng was elected as the official principal. Sha has a certain prestige among students and once served as a member of the student union supervision Committee. 1929 graduated from the Law Department of Shanghai Law School and became a lawyer. During the Northern Expedition, under the impetus of the national revolutionary movement, Sha was not afraid of rape, although Li, a Shanghai warlord at that time, slaughtered revolutionary youth crazily. 1926 joined the Kuomintang of China, engaged in secret work, and participated in the struggle to overthrow the powers and destroy warlords. Later, due to Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei's betrayal of the revolution, political corruption and social unrest, he automatically left the Kuomintang and actively participated in the Youth Friends, agreeing that "China needs another revolution". 1929 In the first half of the year, Friends of Youth published Innovation, edited by Sha.

"Friends of Youth" starts with "innovation", with a newer form and more substantial content, actively guiding young people to establish a revolutionary outlook on life and discussing international, social and marriage issues that everyone cares about. Later, a literary supplement (edited by Li Bolong) was added to promote general literature. Because the content of Friends of Youth meets the requirements of young people and represents their voices, more and more copies are issued, reaching more than 5,000 at most. Friends of Youth has been expanding its influence among young people, thus causing hatred and a series of persecution of reactionaries. The Kuomintang government issued a secret order prohibiting the sale of Friends of Youth and arresting the person in charge on charges of propagating popular literature, advocating class struggle and violating the publishing law. Zou Taofen mentioned this matter and said indignantly; "In 17, he and several friends started Friends of Youth, but it was banned one and a half years later ..." Although Friends of Youth was banned, their struggle did not stop, and soon an "ant society" was organized.

Ant society is called ant society for short. After the publication of Friends of Youth was forced to stop, the key figures Sha, Li Bolong, Ren Xian, Shen, Xu Genggao, Yang Xiufan, Ma Xieqing and Xu Yili were studied many times. It was founded in 1930 and 65438+February, based on the original members of Youth Friends. During its establishment, Sha tried to apply to the Ministry of Education of the National Government for filing, and was approved as a professional youth cultural group. They praised ants, thinking that although they are small animals with little strength, they can unite as one for the same benefit and sacrifice themselves to fight to the death with the enemy. When Sha Li Qian spoke at the general meeting of members, he often encouraged everyone with "ant spirit" and called on everyone to "be a living ant" and "unite as ants and struggle endlessly". All members of the Ant Society can maintain this "ant spirit", which makes the Ant Society develop continuously and become one of the famous mass organizations in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement.

In order to inspire the fighting spirit, Ant Society has compiled two songs: Song of Ant Society and Road of Ant Society. Song of the Ant Tribe was written and composed by Sha. The lyrics are: "Ants are worms who love to help each other, and ants are organized masses. We are all ants, not useless moths who eat books. In the trench where light and darkness duel, we will rush forward, we will rush forward! Forward, forward, forward, forward. We all have to move forward! Sow the seeds of new culture with the spirit of ants and make the new world brighter and brighter. Get up, get up, ant, get up, ant, go forward and be a pioneer of freedom and equality! "

The highest authority of the Ant Society is the Society Friendship Association, which is held once a year. The Executive Committee is elected by friends from all walks of life and consists of nine executive members. Sha has served as a member of previous executive committees. The Executive Committee consists of three departments: general affairs, social friends and culture, which manage various specific activities respectively. Sha Li Qian is the head of Friends of Society Department, responsible for managing the affairs related to Friends of Society, uniting the activists among Friends of Society and playing a central role. In addition, Sha is also in charge of the book club and current affairs research society of the Ministry of Culture.

/kloc-at the beginning of 0/934, Sha joined the "Friends of the Soviet Union" club, a peripheral organization of China's * * * production party, and organized a "Friends of the Soviet Union" group with Li Bolong, Yang Xiufan, Zhang Naiqi and Ge Shiliang in the Ant Club.

1935, the North China Incident happened, Japanese imperialism invaded China further, and the national crisis in China deepened further. In this situation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China published a "Letter to Chinese Compatriots for Resisting Japan and Saving the Nation" (the famous "August 1st Declaration"), proposing the establishment of an anti-Japanese national united front, calling on the people of the whole country to stop the civil war and unite against Japan, which aroused great repercussions throughout the country and promoted the development of the anti-Japanese and saving the nation movement. When Sha saw the mimeographed version of the Declaration in Shanghai, he felt that the Declaration spoke his mind and realized that China's * * * production party was the leading force in resisting Japan and saving the nation. From then on, he pinned his hopes on the producers of * * *. In February, 65438+, with the support of Ant Society, Sha and Xu Bu founded the bimonthly magazine Life Knowledge, actively promoting the idea of * * * production party to resist Japan and save the country. This publication was the position against the Kuomintang's "encirclement and suppression" on the cultural front at that time. Most of its readers are members of the ant society and middle-and lower-class employees. Some of them work in companies, factories, banks, industry and customs departments and are exploited and oppressed to varying degrees. Their wages are meager, and sometimes they are afraid of losing their jobs. They are all literate and easy to accept revolutionary truth. Therefore, knowledge of life has a great influence among them. 193565438+On February 9th, under the leadership of China * * * Production Party, a vigorous December 9th student patriotic movement broke out in Peiping. All parts of the country responded enthusiastically, the anti-Japanese national salvation movement set off a new climax, and anti-Japanese national salvation organizations emerged one after another. In the same year, Shanghai women representatives Shi Liang, Shen Zijiu, Wang Xiaoying, Hu Ziying, Luo Qiong, Du Junhui and Chen Boer held a meeting at the YMCA in Sichuan Road, Shanghai, and announced the establishment of the Shanghai Women's Salvation Association. On the 27th, Ma, Shen Junru, Zou Taofen, Tao Xingzhi, Wang Zaoshi, Zhang Naiqi, Jiang Wenyu and other organizations established the Shanghai Cultural Salvation Society. Then, the Shanghai Workers' Salvation Association, the University Professors' Salvation Association and the Press Salvation Association were established one after another. On February 9th, 1936, the Shanghai Professional Salvation Association was established, with Sha as its president and Ge Shiliang,,, Li Shaofu, Yang, Shi Zhiang, Wang Wenqing and Ding Guanlan as its directors.

1936 65438+1On October 28th, all circles in Shanghai gathered to commemorate the 4th anniversary of the Sino-Japanese War. At the meeting, the Shanghai Salvation Federation was announced, and 30 directors were elected, including Shen Junru, Zou Taofen, Sha, Tao Xingzhi, Zhang Naiqi, Liu Liangmo, Wang Zaoshi and Shi Liang. On May 3 1 day, representatives of more than 60 national salvation organizations from more than 20 provinces and cities held a congress in Shanghai, announcing the establishment of national salvation federations from all walks of life. Soong Ching Ling, He Xiangning, Ma, Shen Junru, Wang Zaoshi, Zhang Naiqi, Sha, Shi Liang, etc. 15 were elected as the Standing Committee members of the Executive Committee. Sha participated in the drafting of the main documents of national salvation associations from all walks of life, and later published articles in newspapers and periodicals such as National Salvation Information, Journal of Professional National Salvation Association, Life Knowledge, etc. to publicize the ideas of National Salvation Association. He also delivered impassioned speeches at various mass gatherings, calling on people from all walks of life to put national and ethnic interests first, calling for stopping the civil war, uniting with the outside world and actively participating in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement.

1936 In July, the Kuomintang held the Second Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee. Sha, Shen Junru, Zhang Naiqi, Shi Liang and other five people went to Ning to petition on behalf of all walks of life, demanding immediate anti-Japanese; Start the people's national salvation movement, guarantee freedom of speech, publication, assembly and association, and release political prisoners; Don't say that. At the same time, he held a press conference in Nanjing, reported the petition and the anti-Japanese proposition of the National Salvation Association, and also contacted powerful factions in Nanjing to strengthen the ties between the National Salvation Association and them and urged them to rise up against Japan. On July 15, the National Salvation Association from all walks of life published an open letter entitled "Several Basic Conditions and Minimum Requirements for Uniting Against Aggression" in the name of Shen Junru, Zhang Naiqi, Tao Xingzhi and Zou Taofen, in order to promote the unity and cooperation of all political parties and local forces throughout the country, and comprehensively expounded the position of the National Salvation Association on uniting against Japan and its six hopes for the authorities and the people. After the publication of the open letter, Sha expressed his firm support and published the full text in his Life Knowledge. He said: "This document has a great influence, which is even greater than the establishment of a declaration of' total salvation'."

After the establishment of the National Salvation Association, it actively launched a mass anti-Japanese national salvation movement, accused Japanese imperialism of aggression, exposed the compromise and surrender policy of Kuomintang reactionaries, and made extensive contacts with local anti-Japanese power factions, which won the sympathy and support of patriots from all walks of life throughout the country and became an obstacle for Kuomintang reactionaries to carry out civil war and implement the policy of traitorous surrender. On February 1936, 1 1 Sunday, the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee published a Letter to the People, saying that the National Salvation Association was a * * * production party that "used cultural groups and intellectuals to make a comeback under the guise of saving the country". Nonsense, the declaration of the Salvation Corps, "Not only opposing the Central Committee, but subverting the government that day, all used the voice of' saving the country' as a cover for their rebellious behavior" and so on. In the same month, the "Emergency Measures for Maintaining Public Order" was promulgated, slandering the anti-Japanese national salvation movement for "endangering the country". /kloc-in February, 2004, the Shanghai Cultural Salvation Association published Dialectics of the People's Letter from the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China, which solemnly stated: "The three armed forces can win the position of commander, but ordinary people can't win their ambitions." If we are people who can be intimidated by the statement of the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China, we dare not openly call for saving the country under the circumstance of "saving the country". If the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China wants all the intellectuals in the country to become such shameless cowards, it is obviously to turn all the people in the country into traitors and submit to the people. In this way, is the country still saved? This is for us, that is, for the founding of the country, for sickness and death. Sha said: "At that time, we dared to openly carry out anti-Japanese and national salvation activities in the Kuomintang-controlled areas, and we had already prepared ourselves for going to jail and dying. "

1936165438+1On the night of October 22nd, the Kuomintang government arrested Shen Junru, Zhang Naiqi, Zou Taofen, Wang Zaoshi, Li Gongpu, Sha and Shi Liang, leaders of national salvation federations from all walks of life, creating a "Seven Gentlemen Incident" that shocked China and foreign countries, and people from all walks of life were greatly shocked and rescued. 165438+1On October 24th, the National Federation of Salvation from All walks of life issued the Emergency Declaration on the Innocent Arrest of Shen Junru and other leaders, and sent an urgent telegram to the whole country. On the 27th, a book "Accusing the authorities and the whole nation of the innocent arrest of seven leaders" was published, which strongly refuted the framing of the National Salvation Association by the Kuomintang authorities and reiterated the position of the National Salvation Association. On 26th, Soong Ching Ling issued a statement to protest against the arrest of the leaders of the National Salvation Association by the Kuomintang authorities. National salvation associations and patriots all over the country have also issued statements and telegrams demanding that the Kuomintang authorities immediately and unconditionally release the arrested leaders of the National Salvation Association. China * * * production party also published an article to protest. Einstein, an overseas Chinese and international celebrity, called the Nanjing government to demand the immediate release of these seven gentlemen.

1July 7, 937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out and the situation at home and abroad changed dramatically. On July 3 1 day, the Kuomintang authorities were forced by the situation, and it was difficult to continue the trial of seven cases, so they had to be released on bail pending trial. The Seven Gentlemen were successfully released from prison with majestic military music and cheers.

After the peaceful settlement of the Xi Incident, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated for the second time and established the anti-Japanese national united front. The scope of the national salvation movement is wider, with not only people from all walks of life participating, but also many Kuomintang military and political personnel. In view of the change of the situation, the Shanghai Relief Society decided to change its name to "Shanghai Relief Society", and the Shanghai Professional Relief Society also changed its name to "Professional Relief Society" (hereinafter referred to as "Professional Society"), with Sha as the executive director and the head of the secretariat. During this period, Sha served as the editor-in-chief of Saving the Nation Weekly and the editorial board of Ethnic Weekly, and published many articles such as 20th Anniversary of the Soviet Revolution and Our Struggle, which had a certain social impact. At the end of 1937, Shanghai and Nanjing fell one after another, and the leaders of the National Salvation Association, Shen Junru, Zou Taofen and Sha, retreated to Wuhan one after another. They meet irregularly to discuss the anti-Japanese situation. At the same time, they set up newspapers and periodicals to publicize the anti-Japanese and national salvation, receive patriotic youths exiled to Wuhan from Peiping, Tianjin, Shanghai and Nanjing, introduce them to the Eighth Route Army office, transfer them to Yan 'an to participate in the revolution or arrange them to participate in the anti-Japanese and national salvation work in Wuhan.

Many members of the Shanghai Ant Society have also arrived in Wuhan. Under the care of Zhou Enlai, they contacted patriotic youths in local professional circles and established Wuhan Ant Society, which grew to 400 to 500 people. They participated in the activities organized by the Third Hall of the Political Department, where Guo Moruo was the director, and became one of the three most famous leftist anti-Japanese national salvation groups in Wuhan at that time (the three leftist anti-Japanese national salvation groups refer to the Youth National Salvation Association, the Chinese National Liberation Pioneer Association and the Ant Society). Guo Moruo once praised: "The work of these groups and the three museums can inspire people to forge ahead. The three museums have expanded their publicity several times, which is called "vigorous" in Wuhan. In fact, most of them rely on the enthusiastic response and support of these groups and young people. On the occasion of the July 7 th anniversary, we relied on these young people to organize more than 700 teams just for the propaganda team that went to the countryside temporarily. "

During his stay in Wuhan, He Wei, another leader of Shah and Salvation Society, organized a fund committee and founded Popular Newspaper, which was published once a week. Every issue has an article about the anti-Japanese situation, with a map of the situation. In addition, Sha often went to the masses to publicize anti-Japanese and national salvation. In Wuhan, Shajia joined the producer of China.

1938 10 In June, Wuhan fell, Chongqing became the capital, and Sha arrived in Chongqing from Wuhan. Many backbones of the National Salvation Association, such as Li Gongpu and Zhang Naiqi, also came to Chongqing one after another. They often contact, exchange information, unify their understanding and then take concerted action. There are two main aspects: first, persist in the war of resistance and oppose compromise and surrender; Second, adhere to democracy and oppose dictatorship. During his stay in Wuhan, the National Salvation Association did not exist in organizational form, but it was recognized as a political faction because of its social influence. Therefore, when organizing the National Political Council, the Kuomintang still appointed Shen Junru and Zou Taofen as representatives of the National Salvation Council. Although Sha is not a member of the National People's Political Council, he assists Shen Junru and others. Sha participated in drafting Shen Junru's proposal at the political meeting.

After the fall of Wuhan, the Kuomintang's anti-Japanese gradually fell into a passive position, and its anti-* * became increasingly active. 1At the Fifth Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang held in June, 939, according to Chiang Kai-shek's report "Awakening the Party's Soul, Carrying Forward the Party's Morality and Consolidating the Party's Foundation" and his speech "Rectifying the Essentials of Party Affairs", a series of anti-* * documents were adopted, such as the Measures for Restricting the Activities of Alien Parties, and actions were taken against the * * * production party, mass organizations and patriotic Democrats. In order to fight for democracy and oppose dictatorship, 1939 September, Shen Junru, Zou Taofen and other members of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference put forward a proposal of "asking the government to hold a national assembly on a regular basis, formulate a constitution and implement constitutionalism" at the Fourth Session of the First Session of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. The adoption of this proposal set off the climax of the constitutional movement. In order to resist the constitutional movement, the Kuomintang vigorously promoted the so-called "Draft Constitution of the Fifth Five-Year Plan". Shen Junru, Sha, Han Youtong, Zhang Shenfu, Qian Junrui and He wrote a series of articles and criticized the Draft. Sha pointed out in the article "Opinions on the Draft Constitution" that the so-called draft constitution of the Kuomintang restricts people's freedom, infringes on people's rights, and creates conditions for the president to abuse power, so we should be alert to the recurrence of Yuan Shikai's dictatorship.

1941March, China democratic political alliance was established. 1In September, 944, the League of Democratic Political Groups held a national congress in Chongqing, renamed "China Democratic League". Many members of the National Salvation Association joined the NLD, and Sha also participated.

On June+10, 5438, the China Democratic League published "Political Opinions on the Final Stage of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression", demanding that the one-party dictatorship of the Kuomintang be immediately ended, a joint political power of all parties be established, and democratic politics be implemented. This shows that NLD's political stance is close to China's * * * production party. Sand has played a certain role in this process of NLD. He once made it clear: "We insist on implementing the idea of China's * * * production party within the alliance and pushing the alliance closer to China's * * * production party."

During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Sha was born into an undisclosed family in party member. At that time, he worked in China Industrial Cooperation Association founded by international friend Alley, founded China Construction Machinery Factory with Comrade He Wei of National Salvation Association, participated in the establishment of China Economic Association, and founded Zheng Ping Law Firm with Shen Junru, Lin Hengyuan and Cui Guohan. He not only did a lot of work in implementing the party's United front policy, but also United many friends and was invited to serve as the legal adviser of many units. He served the persecuted progressives as a lawyer. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Sha Yu returned to Shanghai from Chongqing in 1945 and 65438+February, and did not attend the meeting held by members of the Winter Salvation Association in 1945. However, he fully agreed with the decision of the meeting to rename the National Salvation Association as "China People's National Salvation Association" and the new political program formulated by the meeting, and earnestly implemented it in Shanghai.

After he returned to Shanghai, he mainly worked in the following aspects: First, he worked as a lawyer. As soon as he arrived in Shanghai, many trade unions and companies asked him to be a legal adviser. He was first invited by Shanghai law, commerce, water and electricity trade unions and a department store trade union, and made contributions to cracking down on traitors and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of trade unions. Secondly, according to the program and articles of association of China People's Salvation Association, the Shanghai Organization of China People's Salvation Association was established. Third, Ma Xulun, Lin Handa and others initiated the establishment of the Shanghai Federation of People's Organizations, which was attended by various parties, trade unions and educational organizations.

1April, 946, the Central Shanghai Bureau was established. In May, the CPC delegation headed by Zhou Enlai moved to Nanjing and set up an office in Shanghai, which strengthened the Party's United front work and leadership in East China. Shanghai Federation of People's Organizations is a mass organization under the leadership of the Party that opposes civil war and strives for democracy. In mid-June, the preparations for the Kuomintang reactionaries to launch a full-scale civil war were completed. At the end of June, Kuomintang reactionaries openly tore up the October 10th Agreement and the CPPCC Resolution, and Chiang Kai-shek besieged the Central Plains Liberated Area with 300,000 troops, igniting the flames of a full-scale civil war. Then attack the liberated areas such as North China, East China, Shansi-Suiyuan and Northeast China. On August 2nd, Kuomintang planes bombed Yan 'an, where the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was located. 165438+ 10 In October, after the reactionary Kuomintang troops occupied Zhangjiakou, they openly organized the "National Congress". NLD issued a statement boycotting and refusing to participate in the pseudo-National Congress. Shen Junru, Sha and Shi Liang published articles in newspapers and magazines, exposing the crimes of the Kuomintang in waging civil war, and pointing out that the "National Convention" convened by the Kuomintang violated the resolution of the CPPCC and was therefore illegal.

1947 in may, the second plenary session of the first session of China people's national salvation association was held in Shanghai. Since the Second Plenary Session of NLD decided to cancel party member's qualification, all party member will participate as individuals in the future. At the meeting, it was decided to be more active in the name of the National Salvation Association. The Declaration of the Second Plenary Session of the First Session of the China People's Salvation Association adopted at the meeting pointed out: "In the future, this association will continue to adhere to the spirit of the past tradition and work together with domestic democratic political groups to strive for independence, peace and democracy at an early date." Sha actively supported this idea at the meeting.

1In July, 946, Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo were killed one after another, and the Kuomintang tried to suppress the democratic movement in the Kuomintang-controlled areas by assassination and other terrorist means. 1947, 10127 October, the NLD was declared an "illegal organization" and forcibly dissolved and persecuted its members. As a result, the leaders of the democratic parties left the Kuomintang areas and went to Hong Kong. Shen Junru, Sha Qian and Li left Shanghai secretly during the period of 1 1, and then the activity center of China People's Salvation Association was transferred to Hongkong.

1September, 948, at the invitation of China * * * production party, Hong Kong Democrats went to the Northeast Liberated Area in batches. Shen Junru, Guo Moruo and Zhang Boju are the first batch, and Sha is the second batch. After they arrived in Harbin, they issued a statement in the name of NLD and China People's Salvation Association, expressing their support for the leadership of China Producers' Party and taking the road of new democracy, that is, people's democratic revolution. 165438+1October16, Sha and others issued a statement on the current situation, pointing out that only by completely destroying the reactionary dictatorship can a democratic new China be guaranteed; A peaceful new China must resolutely and thoroughly eradicate the root causes of civil war and remove obstacles to peace; A unified new China can only be fully realized after the reactionary dictatorship is eliminated and a democratic coalition government is formed through the new CPPCC.

On February 25th, 1949, Sha and others arrived in Beiping. In June, he and other leaders of the National Salvation Association attended the preparatory meeting of the new political consultative conference. In September, he attended the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference. Speaking on behalf of the National Salvation Association, Sha Li Qian reviewed the struggle course of the National Salvation Association since its establishment in 14, and expressed his firm support for the resolutions of the new CPPCC and determination to strive for the same program. He hailed the birth of the new China with passion.

After the liberation of the whole country, Sha successively held the posts of Deputy Minister of Trade, Deputy Minister of Commerce, Deputy Director of the Sixth General Office of the Central Financial and Economic Committee of the State Council, Minister of Local Industry, Minister of Light Industry, Minister of Grain, and Vice Chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and made great contributions to the socialist revolution and socialist construction.