1934 10 The Central Red Army began the Long March. At that time, Huang Weihua was a statistical staff officer of the Second Division of the Red Army. When the troops set out, Huang Weihua was ill with a high fever of 40 degrees and could not walk. Liu Yalou, the political commissar of the division, saw Huang Weihua's difficulty in moving, and said to me with concern: "Now the enemy is advancing to the center of the Soviet area in a shunt way. We should make a breakthrough in areas where the enemy's strength is weak and there is no fortress, so as to destroy the enemy in mobile warfare. You are sick now, are you going to the rear hospital for illness? " How can I go to the rear to recuperate at such a tense moment? He said to political commissar Liu, "I will never go to the rear to recuperate. Please ask the leader to leave me in the army and let me act with the team. " Hearing this, Liu Zhengwei didn't speak for a long time. Finally, he made up his mind and said to Wang Qicai, political commissar of the health team: "Please send a stretcher to carry Huang Weihua up!"
Troops set out, Huang Weihua was carried on a stretcher, and comrades of the health team carried Huang Weihua for three days, wading through mountains and rivers, braving the wind and rain, and going through hardships. It was difficult for troops to March and fight at that time. While fighting the intercepted enemy, they attacked Xintian and Gupi, breaking through the first blockade of the enemy. Many wounded people came down from the front. When Huang Weihua saw those injured comrades walking on the road, he couldn't lie on the stretcher. Resolutely got off the stretcher and said to the comrades who carried him: "I am deeply grateful to you. You should go back to the health team to carry the injured comrades, not me. " The comrades who carried me saw that I would never take a stretcher again, so I had to go back to the health team to take care of the wounded. Although Huang Weihua himself is still difficult to move, he is weak and insists on walking behind the troops. He walked very hard, but he felt much better than lying on a stretcher. Lin and other comrades-in-arms' assistants at the headquarters saw that they were already struggling. They all came to help me, help me carry my backpack, help me carry my rice bag, help Huang Weihua climb the mountain and help me cross the river. One night, the troops were running forward when crossing a road, also known as the "blockade line". Huang Weihua tried his best to speed up the pace and climbed the West Huashan Mountain at dawn.
Bloody Xiangjiang River
After hard fighting, the Central Red Army broke through three enemy blockade lines and reached Guanyang, Shaoshui and Jieshou. Chiang Kai-shek mobilized more than 300,000 people from the Kuomintang army and air force and built many bunkers. He flanked the Guixiang Army, followed by the Central Army and the Guangdong Army, in an attempt to annihilate the Xiangjiang Red Army in one fell swoop. In order to ensure the safety of the central column, the military commission column and the follow-up troops crossing the river, the Central Red Army launched an unprecedented fierce bloody battle with the enemy on both sides of the Xiangjiang River.
After the Red Second Division was ordered to attack Daozhou and cross Xiaoshui, it was originally planned to occupy Quanzhou to perform the task of blocking the enemy. Because the enemy occupied the whole state first, they put the battlefield in Jiao Shan and Shaoshui. It is more than 0/0 kilometers away from Quanzhou/KLOC-and Huang Gui Highway runs through the state. 165438+1On October 29th, Liu Bu of the Xiang Army learned that the vanguard troops of the Red Army had crossed the Xiangjiang River, and the rest of the troops had to cross the river for fear that the Red Army would enter Hunan. With the strength of its four divisions, they rushed out of Quanzhou and rushed to the position of the Red Second Division. Covered by aerial planes, the ground artillery cleared the way, and all over the mountains and plains, it was dark, and the whole battalion rushed over. Our 2nd Division and 3rd Regiment blocked the 4th Division16th Regiment of the enemy, and the smoke was rolling and the sound of killing was deafening. The Red Army Corps took on the task of stopping the enemy south of the Guilin border, and also fought fiercely with Gui Jun.
At that time, the Red Army was short of bullets, so we could only concentrate the pointed bullets on machine guns and the round bullets on rifles. In this way, we have to save fighting and mainly rely on grenades and bayonets to kill the enemy. Obey the command, seize the opportunity, give the order, and play the volley, which is extremely effective. Waiting for crowds of enemies to come up, a gunshot knocked them to the ground. The enemy was so depressed that the whole battalion launched a collective charge on our position. We also carried out group counter-attack and hand-to-hand combat against the enemy, and countless comrades died heroically. The political commissar of the Red Fifth Regiment defending Jianfengling is easily crushed, seriously injured and difficult to move. In order not to be a prisoner and not to increase the burden on the troops, he asked the guards to shoot themselves. The guards can't stand it. He grabbed the guard's gun and shot himself. In order to keep the position of the Huangdi Mausoleum, Yang Chengwu, political commissar of the Red Fourth Regiment, was also seriously injured.
At 3: 00 a.m. on February 1 June, 65438, the head of the regiment asked the Red Second Division to resist the enemy at all costs and hold its ground no matter what, to ensure that the Central Column and the Military Commission Column crossed the Xiangjiang River. The political commissar of Nie Rongzhen handed the telegram record to the political commissar of the division, Liu Yalou, which read: "A day's battle concerns all field troops. The outcome is related to the overall situation, and everyone should stand up and defend ... "So the battle on this day was particularly fierce. Enemy planes bombed our position repeatedly, and the enemy forces attacked our position in turn, and they were shot down in batches and came up in batches. In the face of enemy attacks several times that of our army, Red Army soldiers carried bloody bayonets and shouted the slogan "All for the new Soviet China". They fought bravely and tenaciously, and it was difficult for the enemy to take care of them in a position ten miles long. We finally completed the task of covering the central column and the military commission column crossing the Xiangjiang River.
Xiangjiang Campaign is a battle in which the Central Red Army wins more with fewer, and the weak wins the strong, and it is also the battle with the greatest loss when it leaves the base area. Later, I learned that when we set out from Jiangxi, the Red Army had about 86,000 people. After the Xiangjiang River War, it was reduced to 30,000 people. The Red Second Division was also reduced from 7,000 to 4,000. The Central Red Army carried out the strategic policy of "crossing the river to join forces with the Red Fourth Army, opening up the revolutionary base areas in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu, and establishing the anti-Japanese frontier" decided by the Zunyi Conference in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. June 1935, 19, dispatched from Zunyi area, headed for the border of Sichuan and Guizhou, and prepared to cross the river northward between Luzhou and Yibin. Liu Xiang, an enemy warlord in Sichuan, deployed troops on the north bank of the Yangtze River to prevent the Red Army from entering Sichuan. At the same time, he sent his mentor and model teacher to Du Nan to join forces with the Red Army and spend a day fighting in Tucheng. The Red Second Division returned 45 kilometers from Chishui to reinforce. After an afternoon of fierce fighting, the battle could not be solved, and it would be of no help to persist. The Red Army adopted flexible strategies and tactics, so that the participating troops withdrew from the battle, quickly crossed Chishui in the Monkey Farm and Tucheng, advanced to Tashi and mobilized the enemy. I crossed Chishui with the Red Second Division and headed for Xuyong in the west of Gu Lin. After failing to attack Xuyong overnight, he headed for Huangnihe River, Dam and Panshan Mountain. Sichuan instructor followed up. The headquarters ordered the Red Five Regiment to engage in a fierce battle with the enemy in Huangnihe River and carry out an anti-tail chase. The headquarters of the Second Division, the Red Fourth Regiment and the Sixth Regiment all went to camp on Bashang. The Red Five Regiment marched from south to west. That night, Tang Li, the chief of staff of the division, took the radio to the fifth regiment to conduct. When the main force of the division was camping on the dam, the enemy came at night and surrounded the main force of the Second Red Division on the dam. The Red Second Division got up at dawn, found that the enemy had occupied the high mountains around the dam, and began to fire on our security forces. In order to get rid of the enemy as soon as possible, the division chief is determined to break through and move forward to Panshan Mountain. Therefore, the Red Fourth Regiment was ordered to organize commandos to concentrate their firepower. At 7 o'clock, he raided the western hills, opened the gap, and ordered the fourth regiment of the division to follow up directly, and the sixth regiment followed behind. When the Red Fourth Regiment attacked the Western Hills, it bombarded the enemy with light and heavy machine gun fire. Commandos pounded with grenades and mauser guns, causing the enemy to retreat in a panic. The mountains were covered with blood and bodies piled up. Our troops stepped on the enemy's bodies and rushed out of the encirclement. Then I ran non-stop for more than ten kilometers, and then I stopped the whole team. Camped in Panshan that night. The next day, I was ordered to meet the headquarters of the three provinces of Ji Ming in the south, take a short break, and after more than 20 kilometers southbound in Fengjie, I turned east and crossed the Taiping River in Chishui, which surprised the enemy. Then the troops marched day and night, attacking Tongzi and Loushanguan, annihilating the enemy, and then occupying Zunyi City. The Red Sanjuntuan occupied the crow's nest in the south and fought fiercely with the reinforcements of the 93rd Division of the enemy Wu Qiwei Pursuit Army. Deng Ping, chief of staff of our Third Army Corps, died heroically. The first and second divisions of the Red Army Corps stormed along both sides of the highway, beating the enemy out of the water until they chased Wujiang River and wiped out most of them.
Zunyi War was a great victory, killing two divisions and eight regiments, killing more than 2,400 people and capturing more than 3,000 people. The morale of the Red Army was greatly boosted, and the people of Zunyi warmly celebrated. After that, the main force of the Red Army marched westward, intending to wipe out the enemy fifth division of Lubanchang. After a night of fighting, he failed to solve the battle and went north to Maotai. Maotai Town is a place where wine is produced, and Moutai is famous at home and abroad. The officers and men confiscated the Moutai of the landlord and bully in Maotai and drank this good wine. Everyone is full of energy. The Red Army crossed Chishui in Maotai and advanced to Gulin County, showing the trend of crossing the Yangtze River, leading the enemy to the border of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, and then eastward to Taipingdu, Erlangtan and Sidu Chishui River. The main force of our Red Army (the 1st and 3rd Army Corps) crossed the Wujiang River to the south and besieged Guiyang, as if to capture Guiyang, and as if to meet the 2nd and 6th Army Corps in Xiangxi, putting the enemy in a dilemma. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was in Guiyang, and because Guiyang people were empty, they were as anxious as ants on hot bricks. He urgently transferred three brigades of Yunnan Army to support Guiyang from Yunnan. When the Dian army was about to arrive in Guiyang, the Red Army quickly marched westward and arrived in Kunming, pretending to be the base camp of the Dian army. The fourth regiment of the Red Second Division occupied Yanglin and Songming. The Red Fifth Regiment, led by Li Tangkari, chief of staff, advanced to Yuanmou, captured Longjie, and spread out the posture of crossing Jinsha River in Longjie. The Red Fifth Regiment is building a bridge, but the pontoon bridge can't be built because of the wide and urgent river and the bombing by enemy planes. At the same time, the Red Army Cadre Corps directly drove Jiaoping Ferry in the lower reaches of Jinsha River by Malone, seized the ferry, annihilated a regiment of Liu Department and delivered the ship. All the Red Army crossed the Jinsha River in Jiaoping and arrived in Xichang, Dechang and Huili areas. After the Red Army's main force crossed the Wujiang River in the south, Hong Jiu Legion stayed in the north of Zunyi to contain the enemy, then occupied Xuanwei, and crossed the river in the lower reaches of Jinsha River. In this way, 300,000 to 400,000 enemy troops were thrown to the east of Jinsha River, and the Red Army gained the strategic initiative. This is an important victory of Mao Zedong's flexible strategy and tactics. After the Central Red Army crossed Chishui four times and skillfully crossed Jinsha River, the troops arrived in the Yi area of Daliangshan. Suddenly, shouts of "meowed, meowed" came from all directions, which was earth-shattering. This "roar" voice conveyed an order: "Stop the government forces and prohibit the entry of Han people!" Then hordes of Yi people surrounded the Red Army with broadswords, earth guns, spears and sticks, and were not allowed to advance. Things from engineering companies were robbed, and some comrades were stripped of their clothes.
At that time, everyone was thinking about Chairman Mao's exhortation: "When crossing the Yi area, we must respect the Yi compatriots, don't shoot them, and don't hurt the Yi brothers. The task of the advance troops is not to fight, but to publicize our party's ethnic policy and use the appeal of the policy to reach friendship with the Yi people. " At that time, the leader of the division also conveyed to us the instructions of Liu Bocheng, commander of the advance troops of the Yi region: "Don't worry, the Yi people mainly don't understand the Red Army. As long as we strictly observe discipline and strengthen ideological propaganda, they will not only beat us, but also help us. " Therefore, it has become the conscious action of each of us to listen to the command and treat the Yi people as relatives. At that time, a working group was organized to publicize the announcement of Commander-in-Chief Zhu on stabilizing the Yi people and that the Red Army was fighting for the poor and oppressed Yi compatriots. Unlike the Kuomintang army, the Red Army is led by the * * * Production Party, and it is a team that wholeheartedly seeks the welfare of the people.
Due to strict adherence to ethnic policies and active ideological propaganda, the Yi people were finally moved. The Yi compatriots quickly changed their attitude towards the Red Army, not only failed to stop the Red Army from crossing the border, but also acted as a guide for the Red Army, sending the Red Army village by village through the Yi areas. Xiao Yedan, a local Yi leader, and Liu Bocheng became brothers with Haizi as their alliance. When the advance troops left the Yi area, they organized the "Kuji detachment of China Yi Red Army". According to Comrade Liu Bocheng's entrustment, this detachment and the broad masses of Yi people carefully escorted the Red Army's follow-up troops and flew in Daiyue for seven days and seven nights, sending all the Red Army safely through the Yi area. Later, I heard that after the Red Army passed through the Yi area, white terror once again enveloped the Yi area. With the support of the Yi people, the Kuji detachment of the Red Army waged an arduous struggle with the enemy and was killed by the Kuomintang warlord Deng Xiuyan. The victory of the Red Army's Long March, like the people of the whole country, has made great contributions and paid the price of blood and life. Xiao Yedan's good reputation has been passed down from generation to generation. The first and third legions of the Red Army passed through the grassland, arrived in Brazil and Russia, passed through the Cliff Temple and Kazang Temple, marched day and night, crossed the Bailong River, and arrived at Lazikou in three days.
In front of the natural barrier Lazikou, the14th Division, Lu Dachang, was reorganized to guard against the enemy. They are entrenched there, blocking the Red Army's advance and guarding the relatively close passage to northern Shaanxi. There are three roads from there to Shaanxi and Gansu: detour to the west, hundreds of miles; It is not only a long way to detour eastward, but also powerful enemies in Zhouqu, Wudu and Tianshui. It is most suitable to pass the wax mouth. For the Red Army who hopes to reach Shaanxi and Gansu as soon as possible, it is best to pass through Lazikou. Therefore, no matter how difficult it is, we must overcome the natural barrier. The enemy's Lu Dachang's department, entrenched in Lazikou, has many divisions, but its fighting capacity is not strong, mainly because the terrain is dangerous to stop the Red Army. The ancients said that Lazikou is "one person's strength is above ten thousand people". When I went, I saw that what the ancients said was not a joke. The wax mouth is like a bottle mouth. The village is at the mouth of the bottle with a river in the middle. The current is swift and swift. Although there is a wooden bridge, the enemy is heavily guarded. The only path through Lazikou is steep on both sides, and the terrain is particularly dangerous. On both sides of the bottle mouth, the enemy dug bunkers and built strong bunkers on the bridge. Our Red Fourth Regiment stormed several times, and the enemies on the cliffs and bridges on both sides exchanged fire, and grenades rained down on the cliffs. The enemy is commanding, and you can have a bird's eye view of the Red Army's actions, but the Red Army can't see the enemy on the defensive under the cliff. So you can't storm, you can't go near the bridgehead, you can't stand under the cliff and retreat.
The Red Army cadres visited the site to observe the terrain and study countermeasures. It is unanimously affirmed that it is difficult to win from a frontal attack. Only by climbing the cliff on the right, bypassing the enemy's rear and attacking the enemy's division, disrupting the enemy's deployment and command system and annihilating the enemy, can Lazikou be occupied. This method is very novel. All the animals gather together as tools to cross the river. Some soldiers are riding horses, and some are holding the horse's tail. It takes about an hour to cross two companies. Another part of the soldiers were connected with leg wraps and used as thick ropes, and climbed up the cliff one by one. After three hours of hard work, they all climbed the cliff. At 3: 00 midnight, they went deep into the enemy headquarters in Lazikou village and started fighting. When the enemy guarding the bottle mouth heard that the regimental headquarters had been beaten, his psychological defense line collapsed. The Red Army stormed the situation and occupied the bridgehead in one fell swoop. The main force of the regiment immediately went into battle, chasing the retreating enemy to Lazikou village, and all the enemy regiments were wiped out. Then the Red Army stormed down the mountain like a tiger and attacked the main position of the first enemy division (the northeast mountain of Lazikou). Then they continued to chase for more than 50 kilometers until they reached Hadapu near the mountain pass, and the remnants of the enemy fled to Zhou Min.
The enemy Lazikou, which was guarded by a division, was finally breached, occupied and passed by the Red Army. The Red One and the Red Three Army Corps have taken another step towards Shaanxi and Gansu. The glorious deeds and heroic deeds of the Red Army in overcoming natural disasters will go down in history forever, and the revolutionary spirit and heroic deeds of the Red Army will be immortal.