It is the seat of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and the political, economic, cultural and scientific center of the whole state. It is also the only county-level city established in Tibetan areas. It is located at the southeast end of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, at the junction of Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan provinces, and in the southwest of Gansu Province. Its geographical coordinates are east longitude 102 54' and north latitude 39 59'. National Highway 2 13 and Provincial Highway 306 bypass the city. It is 250 kilometers away from Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province, and 860 kilometers away from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, with an average elevation of over 3,000 meters. The annual average temperature is 65,438 0.7℃, and there is no absolute frost-free period.
The city covers a total area of 2,670 square kilometers, including 2.467 million mu of grassland and 569,700 mu of woodland, with a total urban area of 12 square kilometers and a population of 80,000.
Due to its special geographical location, the cooperative city has been an important hub connecting the Central Plains, Xishu and Amdo Tibetan areas since ancient times. In history, it has been a famous commercial distribution center for Tibetan-Chinese exchanges, eastward entry and westward exit, and southward entry and northward exit. According to historical records, as far back as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, cooperation was an important town in the northern part of the Qiang regime established by Wu Yijian, the leader of the ancient Western Qiang, and it was famous for introducing Qin's agricultural and animal husbandry production technology into the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the mid-Tang Dynasty, the northwest nomadic Tuguhun established its capital in the Han area, which is only 80 kilometers away from the cooperation in the north, and opened up the famous "South Silk Road" connecting the western regions, Tibet and India in the west, and the Central Plains and Sichuan in the south. Cooperation began to become one of the important trade distribution centers on this bustling trade line, and it has been passed down to this day.
In the early days of the People's Republic of China, Hezuo was under the jurisdiction of Xiahe County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (where Labuleng Temple, one of the six famous ancestral temples of Tibetan Buddhism, was located), and the state government moved from Xiahe County in 1956. Since then, cooperation has entered a new historical stage. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of social economy in the autonomous prefecture, the political and economic status of state-government cooperation in Gansu, Qingchuan and Amdo Tibetan areas has become increasingly important. From a strategic and developmental perspective, the State Party Committee urged the central and provincial governments to withdraw towns and set up cities in time. 1June, 1996, with the approval of the State Council, the people of the whole province formally notified the establishment of the cooperative city. After preparation, the cooperative city was officially put into operation on 1 month, 1998.
The urban area is rich in mineral resources and has broad development prospects; Animal husbandry is the pillar industry of the whole city, and yak, Tibetan sheep, horse-drawn pigs and ghee are the local superior products, which are well-known both inside and outside the province. National industries led by animal husbandry and mining have begun to take shape; Convenient transportation and communication coincides with the historical opportunity of the country's western development, and the cooperative city will be an ideal treasure place for investment, development and cooperation between merchants inside and outside the province.
The city has jurisdiction over 7 townships, 4 sub-district offices, 39 administrative villages, 9 residents' committees and 272 villagers' groups. At the end of 20001,the total population of the city was 80,500, including 37,000 non-agricultural people, accounting for 46 1% of the total population, and 40,800 Tibetans. In 200 1 year, the gross national product was 290 million yuan, with a real increase of 10%, of which: the primary industry was 50 10 billion yuan; The secondary industry is 66 million yuan; Tertiary industry17.39 million yuan, industrial added value 2 10/0.00 million yuan, agricultural added value 5,006/kloc-0.00 million yuan, fiscal revenue 25.98 million yuan, total retail sales of social consumer goods15.52 million yuan, and per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen 1285 yuan; Gross output value of township enterprises106.09 million yuan.
The national highway 2 13 runs through the whole city and intersects with the provincial highway Xu He. Rural roads at all levels extend in all directions and run through every town and village. The communication in the city is convenient, the program-controlled telephone has been connected with the whole country, and the coverage rate of urban telephone is 70%. The internet is quietly emerging in urban areas, and water and electricity supply is sufficient. The national industry in the city has developed greatly, and has a certain scale and production capacity. Urban construction and infrastructure construction have developed rapidly.
The total land area of the city is 229,000 hectares, including: grassland area 16.3 1 10,000 hectares, accounting for 71.22% of the total land area; The forested area is 38,000 hectares, accounting for 16.58% of the total land area, and the forest coverage rate is 7.62%. Cultivated land area 1.590 hectares, accounting for 6.59% of the land area, and water area is 0. 1. 1.000 hectares, accounting for 0.47% of the total land area.
The climate in most areas of Hezuo City is cold and humid, and the climate characteristics of continental monsoon on the plateau are obvious. Winter is long, dry and windy, with an average temperature of 2℃. Light and hot water are basically matched, and there is plenty of sunshine. The average annual precipitation is 558mm, concentrated in July, August and September. The surface runoff depth is 200-350 mm, the annual evaporation is 1222 mm, and natural disasters are frequent, mainly including frost, cold wave, strong cooling, heavy snow, hail and autumn flood.
Many tributaries of Daxia River and Taohe River pass through the city. The territory is rich in water resources, the river water quality is good, the gap is large, and the water energy reserves are relatively rich. There is a hydropower station on the main stream of Taohe River in Lexiu village, 55 kilometers away from the municipal government. The basin above the dam of the hydropower station covers an area of 7,276 square kilometers, with a design head 14.55 meters, a total installed capacity of 3 * 2,000 kilowatts, a guaranteed output 18 16 kilowatts, and an average annual power generation of 39 million kwh. Now it has been merged into the northwest power grid, which is a great resource of our city.
Yaks and Tibetan sheep dominate the territory, and the number of livestock raised reaches 300,000, which is close to 250,000 at the end of the year. The famous Potentilla anserina pig is mainly produced locally. The main tree species are fir, spruce, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus armandii and poplar, birch, cypress and willow. There are many shrubs, mainly seabuckthorn, rhododendron, phellodendron amurense, sour plum and catalpa bungeana. The main planting varieties are highland barley, spring wheat and small rapeseed. On the vast forest grassland, there are deer, musk deer, fox, lynx, Qingyang, antelope, Sumen antelope, pheasant, snow pheasant and red-bellied pheasant. And there are many kinds of medicinal plants and edible fungi, as well as wild starch, oil plants and aromatic and fiber plants. In swamps and waters, there are grouper, hairy fish, giant salamander and so on.
Hezuo City is a newly-built plateau city with animal husbandry as its main industry. The city can use grassland174,000 hectares, with subalpine meadow grassland and shrub meadow as the dominant types. The yield of fresh grass per hectare of natural grassland is 365438±0.20kg, and the grassland coverage rate is 68%. Domestic livestock with yak and Tibetan sheep as the advantages raise more than 300,000 heads a year, with 250,000 heads on hand at the end of the year. It can produce fresh meat 1.900 tons, fresh milk 5600 tons, fur 48000 pieces and ghee 1.40 tons every year. There are 23,300 hectares of forest land, mainly fir, spruce and Chinese pine. The forest coverage rate (forest+shrub) is 7.62%, and the total standing stock reaches 562,500 mu.
The geological structure of this city runs through the whole region with the Duohe-Nikijiang metallogenic structural belt. After many surveys and explorations by 1958 and 1970 geological exploration departments, several mineralization points such as gold, copper, antimony and arsenic have been delineated, and some deposits with development value have been briefly studied and evaluated. Up to now, there are more than ten proven mineral resources such as gold, copper, antimony, iron and clay, and six blocks in the mineralized area have further exploration value.
Hezuo City is the political, economic and cultural center of Gannan Prefecture, 265 kilometers away from Lanzhou, the provincial capital, and 72 kilometers away from the famous Labrang Temple. Excellent geographical location and convenient transportation. It is the relay station of the golden tourist hotline from Lanzhou to Jiuzhaigou, Huanglong Temple and Zecha Shilin, and also the main window for economic, trade and cultural exchanges between Amdo Tibetan areas and the mainland. Traditional folk festivals such as Xianglang Festival and Arrow Insertion Festival are frequent, forming rich cultural tourism resources.
Hezuo City is located on the golden tourist hotline of Lanzhou-Hezuo-Zecha-langmusi-Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong Temple. Domestic tourism resources are mainly grassland natural scenery, Tibetan Buddhist cultural buildings and Tibetan folk customs. Among them, the nine-story Buddha Pavilion in Hezuo Mirariba is a famous Buddhist temple, cooperative forest park and plateau botanical garden in Amdo Tibetan area, and it is an eco-tourism resource area in Gannan Prefecture. Zhouxia Village, Gangcha Cave and Taizishan Natural Scenic Area are the main tourist attractions of Hezuo City.
In 200211year1October, the Central Civilization Office confirmed the list of cities nominated by national civilized cities in the founding period of 20021-2023, and the cooperative cities were on the list.
From June 5438 to February 2020, the cooperative city ranked 44th in the list of the top 100 demonstration counties and cities in China in 2020.
In February of 20 18, the cooperative city was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 17.
20 16 12 the state ethnic affairs commission named hezuo city as the fourth batch of national demonstration units for national unity and progress.