The New Culture Movement is an anti-feudal ideological emancipation movement initiated by some advanced intellectuals in China in the early 20th century. The May 4th Movement is an important political revolution and cultural innovation movement in China's modern history. The combination of the two forms a new May 4th cultural trend of thought.

Advocates of the New Culture Movement put forward many progressive slogans and propositions with enlightenment and democracy, which made ideological, cultural and theoretical preparations for the May 4th Movement. The May 4th Movement not only opened the prelude to the new-democratic revolution, but also opened a new historical period of the new-democratic revolution in China.

Therefore, the May 4th cultural trend of thought is the continuation and development of the New Culture Movement, the product of social changes at that time, and it is inextricably linked with the New Culture Movement.