Professional washing can be divided into dry cleaning, wet washing and water washing. Dry cleaning is not dry cleaning, but using organic solvents to remove dirt from clothes. It is called dry cleaning because the solvent used for washing contains no water or only little water, and things like water infiltrating into fabric fibers will not happen. One of the biggest benefits of dry cleaning is that dry cleaning oil can remove grease from clothes; Washing can't. Natural fiber fabrics, such as sweaters and silk garments, have a very good dry cleaning effect, but these fabrics may shrink, wrinkle and fade after washing. The dry cleaning effect of synthetic fiber fabrics such as polyester is still very good, but washing can't remove oil stains from such fabrics. Dry cleaning can help a fabric to be "as smooth as new", as long as the laundry takes a series of measures in advance to prevent clothes from shrinking, fading and fiber deformation. The dry cleaning process begins with pre-stain removal with special dry cleaning stain remover. Then put the clothes into the dry cleaning machine for dry cleaning. The dry cleaning machine is like an enlarged home front washing machine. It will also loosen the dirt firmly embedded in the fabric through mechanical action. In the process of dry cleaning, the solvent should be continuously filtered and distilled to ensure its transparency.
What does dry cleaning mean?
1. What is dry cleaning?
Dry cleaning means washing clothes without water. It only uses solvents to remove oil stains. Because there is almost no water in the solvent, it is called dry cleaning.
2, the basic steps of dry cleaning are:
The first step is pretreatment, which is to remove stains. It uses artificial additives to pretreat seriously polluted dirt and stains insoluble in dry cleaning solvents (such as juice, nail polish, paint, ink, etc.). ).
The second step is the main washing. Put the pretreated clothes into a dry cleaning machine, wash them thoroughly with dry cleaning solvent, and spin them dry.
The third step, post-treatment, the main purpose is to remove the residual dry cleaning solvent in clothes and irons and shape them.
3. How many kinds of dry cleaning solutions are there? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
There are three main categories, which are:
A, chlorinated hydrocarbon synthesis solvent, the most commonly used is tetrachloroethylene (PEKCRO), which has good safety and strong degreasing and decontamination ability, but it has a strong corrosive effect on metals, and its hydrolysis main substances are toxic, which is harmful to soil, water quality and human body. In addition, it has a strong dissolving effect on plastic, nylon and other products, so this kind of jewelry (such as buttons, etc. ) Be sure to remove it when washing.
B. Chlorofluoride solvent, the typical representative of which is trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC- 1 13), etc. Non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive to rubber and many chemical fibers, and cleaner than tetrachloroethylene. However, such solvents have been banned because they destroy the atmospheric ozone layer.
C. Hydrocarbon solvent, namely petroleum solvent, has good washing effect. Clothes washed with this kind of solvent have no peculiar smell common in tetrachloroethylene washing, and have no pollution to human body and environment. In the past, it was eliminated because of poor security. Now with the development of contact technology, the safety has been solved, so it is more and more favored by dry cleaners.
4. Some specific problems about dry cleaning.
A. What kind of clothes are not suitable for dry cleaning?
Polypropylene clothing (including rain-proof silk, etc. ), rubber products (including elastic bands), artificial leather, painted ornaments (such as lacquered flowers), metal ornaments, and velvet products bonded with glue.
B. Will frequent dry cleaning shorten the life of clothes?
No, on the contrary, frequent dry cleaning will prolong the service life of clothes. This is because washing first makes the fibers of clothes swell, so that when washing, the detergent will penetrate into the fibers, making it difficult to clean, and the residual detergent will corrode the fibers, making them brittle from the surface, leading to a decrease in the service life of clothes. Dry cleaning will not make the fibers of clothes swell, and dry cleaning agents, especially petroleum solutions, will not penetrate into the fibers, so it will not cause the clothes to become brittle and will not affect the reduction of their service life. Moreover, the stains on clothes will affect the service life for a long time, and once they are cured, they will quickly wear fabric fibers like sandpaper. In addition, bacteria such as spores attached to dust will further damage clothes.
C. Can dry cleaning sterilize?
Yes, but not all bacteria. Generally speaking, microorganisms on clothes can be divided into germs, caterpillars, spores and parasites. In the process of dry cleaning, germs, caterpillars and moth larvae can be killed due to the action of dry cleaning agents. Spores can be peeled off from clothes by mechanical force and then separated by a filter. For bugs, it can be killed, but because of its strong adhesion, it can't be separated from clothes.
D. Will dry cleaning shrink?
No. Only when it is normal and appropriate in the dry cleaning process, clothes will not shrink. If there is shrinkage, it is because the original garment factory did not do a good job of shrink-proof treatment in advance, and the second is that the dry cleaning agent was mixed with water.
References:
zhidao.baidu/question/2874667
How do dry cleaners do laundry?
Dry cleaning is not mysterious, it just uses solvents to remove grease or stains. Because the solvent contains almost no water, it is called dry cleaning. Dry cleaning solution can dissolve and remove oil stains on clothes, such as natural fibers such as wool and silk, which are easy to shrink, deform and fade after washing, but dry cleaning can handle it well, and even man-made fibers such as polyester can be washed very cleanly. These fibers will still have some oil stains after washing, but these stains may be removed after dry cleaning. Washing clothes by penetrating, dissolving and releasing olefins with chemical solvents can achieve the effect of removing oil stains or stains, which is called dry cleaning. The so-called "dry cleaning" means that the clothes are dry before washing, and the clothes taken out of the dry cleaning machine after dry cleaning are also dry. However, in the process of dry cleaning, the clothes are soaked, washed, dried in the drum of the dry cleaning machine, and then dried, and the chemical solvent contained in the clothes is recovered and dried to complete the whole dry cleaning process. Dry cleaning is a kind of washing method that has only appeared in the last hundred years. After dry cleaning, the clothes will not be deformed or faded, and the fabric will not be damaged. It also has the special efficacy of disinfection and sterilization.
What should I pay attention to after dry cleaning?
Dry cleaning clothes will come into contact with harmful substances such as tetrachloroethylene. Therefore, clothes that have just been dry-cleaned should not be worn immediately, but should be aired outdoors first to reduce their harm to human body.
What does the dry cleaner use to wash clothes?
How many kinds of dry cleaning solutions are there? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
There are three main categories, which are:
A, chlorinated hydrocarbon synthesis solvent, the most commonly used is tetrachloroethylene (PEKCRO), which has good safety and strong degreasing and decontamination ability, but it has a strong corrosive effect on metals, and its hydrolysis main substances are toxic, which is harmful to soil, water quality and human body. In addition, it has a strong dissolving effect on plastic, nylon and other products, so this kind of jewelry (such as buttons, etc. ) Be sure to remove it when washing.
B. Chlorofluoride solvent, the typical representative of which is trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC- 1 13), etc. Non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive to rubber and many chemical fibers, and cleaner than tetrachloroethylene. However, such solvents have been banned because they destroy the atmospheric ozone layer.
C. Hydrocarbon solvent, namely petroleum solvent, has good washing effect. Clothes washed with this kind of solvent have no peculiar smell common in tetrachloroethylene washing, and have no pollution to human body and environment. In the past, it was eliminated because of poor security. Now with the development of science and technology, security has been solved, so it is more and more favored by dry cleaners.
Several specific problems about dry cleaning
A. What kind of clothes are not suitable for dry cleaning?
Polypropylene clothing (including rain-proof silk, etc. ), rubber products (including elastic bands), artificial leather, painted ornaments (such as lacquered flowers), metal ornaments, and velvet products bonded with glue.
B. Will frequent dry cleaning shorten the life of clothes?
No, on the contrary, frequent dry cleaning will prolong the service life of clothes. This is because washing first makes the fibers of clothes swell, so that when washing, the detergent will penetrate into the fibers, making it difficult to clean, and the residual detergent will corrode the fibers, making them brittle from the surface, leading to a decrease in the service life of clothes. Dry cleaning will not make the fibers of clothes swell, and dry cleaning agents, especially petroleum solutions, will not penetrate into the fibers, so it will not cause the clothes to become brittle and will not affect the reduction of their service life. Moreover, the stains on clothes will affect the service life for a long time, and once they are cured, they will quickly wear fabric fibers like sandpaper. In addition, bacteria such as spores attached to dust will further damage clothes.
C. Can dry cleaning sterilize?
Yes, but not all bacteria. Generally speaking, microorganisms on clothes can be divided into germs, caterpillars, spores and parasites. In the process of dry cleaning, germs, caterpillars and moth larvae can be killed due to the action of dry cleaning agents. Spores can be peeled off from clothes by mechanical force and then separated by a filter. For bugs, it can be killed, but because of its strong adhesion, it can't be separated from clothes.
D. Will dry cleaning shrink?
No. Only when it is normal and appropriate in the dry cleaning process, clothes will not shrink. If there is shrinkage, it is because the original garment factory did not do a good job of shrink-proof treatment in advance, and the second is that the dry cleaning agent was mixed with water.
What is the lotion used in dry cleaners?
tetrachloroethylene
What does the dry cleaner use to wash clothes?
How many kinds of dry cleaning solutions are there? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
There are three main categories, which are:
A, chlorinated hydrocarbon synthesis solvent, the most commonly used is tetrachloroethylene (PEKCRO), which has good safety and strong degreasing and decontamination ability, but it has a strong corrosive effect on metals, and its hydrolysis main substances are toxic, which is harmful to soil, water quality and human body. In addition, it has a strong dissolving effect on plastic, nylon and other products, so this kind of jewelry (such as buttons, etc. ) Be sure to remove it when washing.
B. Chlorofluoride solvent, the typical representative of which is trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC- 1 13), etc. Non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive to rubber and many chemical fibers, and cleaner than tetrachloroethylene. However, such solvents have been banned because they destroy the atmospheric ozone layer.
C. Hydrocarbon solvent, namely petroleum solvent, has good washing effect. Clothes washed with this kind of solvent have no peculiar smell common in tetrachloroethylene washing, and have no pollution to human body and environment. In the past, it was eliminated because of poor security. Now with the development of science and technology, security has been solved, so it is more and more favored by dry cleaners.
Several specific problems about dry cleaning
A. What kind of clothes are not suitable for dry cleaning?
Polypropylene clothing (including rain-proof silk, etc. ), rubber products (including elastic bands), artificial leather, painted ornaments (such as lacquered flowers), metal ornaments, and velvet products bonded with glue.
B. Will frequent dry cleaning shorten the life of clothes?
No, on the contrary, frequent dry cleaning will prolong the service life of clothes. This is because washing first makes the fibers of clothes swell, so that when washing, the detergent will penetrate into the fibers, making it difficult to clean, and the residual detergent will corrode the fibers, making them brittle from the surface, leading to a decrease in the service life of clothes. Dry cleaning will not make the fibers of clothes swell, and dry cleaning agents, especially petroleum solutions, will not penetrate into the fibers, so it will not cause the clothes to become brittle and will not affect the reduction of their service life. Moreover, the stains on clothes will affect the service life for a long time, and once they are cured, they will quickly wear fabric fibers like sandpaper. In addition, bacteria such as spores attached to dust will further damage clothes.
C. Can dry cleaning sterilize?
Yes, but not all bacteria. Generally speaking, microorganisms on clothes can be divided into germs, caterpillars, spores and parasites. In the process of dry cleaning, germs, caterpillars and moth larvae can be killed due to the action of dry cleaning agents. Spores can be peeled off from clothes by mechanical force and then separated by a filter. For bugs, it can be killed, but because of its strong adhesion, it can't be separated from clothes.
D. Will dry cleaning shrink?
No. Only when it is normal and appropriate in the dry cleaning process, clothes will not shrink. If there is shrinkage, it is because the original garment factory did not do a good job of shrink-proof treatment in advance, and the second is that the dry cleaning agent was mixed with water.
What do you need to open a dry cleaner?
Generally, you need to open dry cleaners: dry cleaners, water washers, dryers, ironing tables, etc. , which is about 60,000-70,000.
You need to pay attention to the following points when opening a store:
How to open a dry cleaner:
First, the preparation schedule of dry cleaners
1, visit the corresponding franchise stores, actually feel the relevant content, and personally experience the service and brand image!
2. Decide to join, pay the deposit to determine the protection of the market business circle corresponding to the project, obtain the right to use the brand, make an appointment for training, and sign the joining contract.
3. Generally, it takes 3~ 10 days to start shop training, master basic washing skills and the management process of shop affairs, and combine the theory and practice of daily operation skills.
4. Choose a storefront and find a business circle suitable for store operation. There is electricity and water suitable for operation, which can maximize the convenience for customers to consume. Generally, it takes less than 10 days to find and entrust others or professional real estate agents.
5. Contact the design department of the decoration and construction convenience company to make the equipment layout and storefront image design drawings in time (the relevant parameters of storefront size must be accurate), fax or email, and bring them to your own facade or rent the facade for training. Generally 5~ 15 days.
6. Inform the company to send technicians to install and debug the equipment in time, and call the customer service department of the head office three days before the renovation is completed.
7. Distribute laundry leaflets to let potential consumers know as much as possible about the opening time, preferential activities and services of the store, and personally put them in the surrounding communities. You can also officially open the store five days before the scheduled opening date, which is distributed in crowded places.
8. Follow-up supervision: Let the operation of the store be benign and standardized, and conduct a nationwide inspection of the basic store managers for future assessment.
Second, how to open a dry cleaner and some precautions for opening a dry cleaner:
1, increase the understanding that dry cleaning is an indispensable work in people's lives, and its development history is not very long, and the market potential is great; But because of its short history, people's understanding of it is still very limited, and there are many misunderstandings; The corresponding laws and regulations are not perfect, and there are many disputes, which cannot be solved reasonably; There is little corresponding theoretical guidance, and there is little related training in China (there is, but very little). Unlike computer training, it can be seen everywhere. The quality of employees is generally not high. It is difficult to ensure that there are no problems and solve new problems according to experience. For a novice who is about to enter the dry cleaning industry, I suggest you know more about dry cleaning and washing, go to the local dry cleaners that have already opened, and get to know the market (laundry price, profit, equipment and consumables cost, number of operators of equipment and consumables, price, etc.). ) to enhance your understanding.
2 preparation of funds to open a shop, don't consider how much money you can earn, first consider how long you can lose. The reason for this is the following：
(1) Dry cleaning can be divided into off-seasons. You can make a lot of money if you manage well in the peak season, and you may lose a lot if you manage badly in the off-season. Generally, you have to prepare the money for opening two or three stores before you can open a store, and the extra money will be used for current expenses and maintenance.
(2) Calculate recurrent expenses such as store rent, industrial and commercial expenses, labor wages, daily consumables, utilities, etc. Bad luck, customer claims may lead to the closure of the store, which should also be psychologically prepared;
(3) No matter in the off-peak season, customers should pay tribute to the opening of the store. It takes time for a new store to gain the recognition of customers, especially the surrounding residents. This time is very difficult, and the number of customers may be small, which requires excellent technology and services and professional knowledge.
(4) With proper management, you can earn more by making new contacts; Otherwise, it seems that there are a lot of customers, sneaking around.
Lose money in the office. How to understand it? Some clothes must be washed, some must be dry-cleaned and some can be dried or washed; If the master is not careful and attentive in this respect, the result will be hard to say.
3. Find a good teacher. Master is always one of the key factors in the operation of dry cleaners. According to my experience, washing and talking should be qualified. Washing clothes includes distinguishing dry cleaning, knowing how to remove stains, and knowing how to master dry cleaning and washing equipment. The level of ironing basically directly reflects the level of the master; Be reasonable, polite and experienced, and leave a good impression on customers; In a word, a boss can't stay in the shop all the time. The host must be able to handle business independently, and his skills and manners must be reliable.
4. Enhance business awareness Dry cleaning started late in China, with imperfect legal system and irregular market. Think more and pay more attention. How do you understand it?
(1) manpower should be streamlined.
(2) all kinds of expenses should be saved (including store rent, salary, etc.). )......> & gt
What are the services of dry cleaners?
Washing clothes is just the daily business of dry cleaners. Now people have the impression that the service of dry cleaners is nothing more than washing clothes. If you think that dry cleaners can only do laundry, you are wrong. Now the service of dry cleaners is more than just washing clothes. What other services are there? Washing clothes is just the daily business of dry cleaners. Now many dry cleaners in the market are constantly expanding new business to attract consumers. These services include: 1. Daily care of luxury goods: the luxury care services provided by dry cleaners are all-round, not just bags and shoes. Many luxury goods that are difficult to clean at home will be sent to dry cleaners for cleaning. It is best for consumers to choose a dry cleaner brand with good reputation, which can ensure the effect of laundry and of course make the damage of luxury goods lower. 2. Group business: Group business refers to major customers. This kind of customers usually need to clean more items at one time, such as hotel leaflets, quilts, tablecloths and so on. And the wedding dress washing in the wedding dress shop. Such group business also exists in the off-season, so it can also bring some profits to dry cleaners in the off-season. Dry cleaners usually make such big customers exist for a long time with the best price and best service. This is not only a stable income, but also a long-term income. 3. Clothes repair and ironing Dry cleaners also have clothes repair and ironing business, but most people are used to going to tailor shops, so many people don't know that dry cleaners have this business. There is a saying in the dry cleaning industry that it takes three minutes to wash and seven minutes to iron. Therefore, dry cleaners also attach great importance to the ironing process, which is more professional. It is difficult to clean the car seat cushion because it is heavy to clean. Generally, when cleaning at home, the washing machine will not turn. Dry cleaners provide services to consumers. Ordinary washing or treatment can't make cushions look brand-new, but dry cleaners can provide the most efficient and high-quality technology to clean them as new. This saves consumers a lot of heart.
What does a dry cleaner do?
Dry cleaning.