Bohai Rim region is located on the northern coast of China, and has the largest inland sea in China-Bohai Sea. Liaodong Peninsula, Shandong Peninsula and North China Plain are surrounded by 77,000 square kilometers of Bohai Sea. There are more than 40 harbors and more than 20 cities along the 5700 km coastline, which accounts for nearly one third of the country. On the C-shaped coastline, large, medium and small ports are densely distributed, forming a unique modern port group. The economic hinterland of ports around Bohai Sea covers almost half of China, and it is an important seaport in parts of Northeast China, North China, Northwest China and East China. In recent years, the port container transportation in this area has developed rapidly, showing the competitive situation of Dalian, Tianjin and Qingdao. I. Current Situation of Container Ports in Bohai Rim There are 12 ports in Bohai Rim, namely Dalian, Yingkou, Jinzhou and Dandong in Liaoning Province. Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao and Longkou in Shandong Province; There are Qinhuangdao, Jingtang Port and Tianjin Port in Hebei Province. In recent two years, the container throughput of ports: 1999, the container throughput of ports around Bohai Sea totaled 3.89 million TEUs, accounting for 25% of the national container throughput, of which the container throughput of four ports in Liaoning Province totaled 854,000 TEUs, accounting for 22%, and that of five ports in Shandong Province totaled1710.7 million TEUs, accounting for 44%. The above container ports can be basically divided into two levels: one is the large container ports in China, namely Dalian, Qingdao and Tianjin; One is small and medium-sized container ports, namely Yantai, Yingkou and other nine ports. Judging from the development speed of port container transportation, except Yingkou Port, the container throughput has decreased compared with the previous year, and the other ten ports have maintained a high growth rate. From the perspective of development prospects, container transportation in ports around Bohai Sea has great potential and broad prospects. 2. Analysis of the competition situation of container ports around Bohai Sea The competition of container transportation in Bohai Sea ports is mainly reflected in Dalian, Tianjin and Qingdao. The following are the software and hardware conditions of container transportation in the three ports and their competitive situation analysis: 1. The slogan of building a northern container hub port can be clearly stated that the scale of container transportation is the main indicator to judge whether a port city has the status of a shipping center, and the port container throughput is the main indicator to measure whether a port is a hub port. At present, the municipal governments of Dalian, Tianjin and Qingdao have clearly proposed to build the northern shipping center of China in their future development plans. However, according to the development experience at home and abroad, it is impossible to have three regional shipping centers in northern China at the same time, so competition is objective and inevitable. 2. Comparison of software and hardware of three container ports (1) Comparison of natural conditions and dock infrastructure Dalian Port is located at the southern tip of Liaodong Peninsula, at the center of economic factors in Northeast Asia, and is the gateway of Northeast China to the rest of the world. The natural conditions of the port are superior, the traffic in the port and hinterland is developed, and the collection and transportation are convenient. Railways, highways and oil pipelines are directly connected with the port. Dalian Port takes Northeast Economic Zone as its direct hinterland, including three northeastern provinces and eastern Inner Mongolia. The hinterland is vast, rich in resources and developed in transportation. The regional population, land area and GDP account for 95%, 12.9% and 12% respectively. Dalian Port takes the development of container transportation as a key task, and proposes to speed up the development of container joint venture terminals, continue to build large container terminals, build a logistics network system in the hinterland at home and abroad, develop a "door-to-door" multimodal transport system for continental bridge transportation, and open more international trunk flights. At present, the total length of the coastline of Dalian Port Container Terminal is113m, and there are four special berths for containers with a water depth of-12- 14m. There are 9 shore cranes and 25 yard cranes, which can meet the operation requirements of the fifth and sixth generation containers, with throughput. 1999 The newly established Dalian Dagang Zhonghai Container Terminal Co., Ltd. (DDCT CS, engaged in domestic transportation) has three berths, with a total coastline of 500m, two quayside bridges and two yard bridges, with an annual throughput of 200,000 TEU. The total number of monthly flights between the two companies exceeds 160, including 4 trunk lines. It is worth mentioning that Dalian Port Container Terminal Co., Ltd. won the "Digging Container Terminal" award in the first shipping industry appraisal held by Asian Shipping. This is the third time that Dalian Port has won the Excellent Shipping Industry Award after winning the "Best Container Terminal in Asia" and "Best Container Port in Operation Efficiency", which proves that Dalian Port has the strength comparable to Qingdao and Tianjin in container transportation hardware. As the largest artificial port in China, Tianjin Port has developed into an important international trade port in China. Since 1990s, with the rapid growth of container and bulk cargo handling capacity in Tianjin Port, the number of ships entering the port is increasing. In order to adapt to the development of the situation and strengthen the position of container hub port, Tianjin Port has started large-scale waterway regulation, main waterway deepening project and waterway widening project since 1996 with the approval of Tianjin Municipal Government. By April 1998, the main channel of Tianjin Port had reached -65438. The hinterland of Tianjin Port is very vast, with a total area of 2 million square kilometers and sufficient supply. And there is a continental bridge connecting Erlian, Alashankou and Manzhouli ports. Tianjin Port has two container terminal companies (TC