Energy will continue to play an important role in China's national economic development. Because China has not yet completed industrialization, the level of urbanization will continue to improve, and the level of electrification still has a lot of room for improvement, and it is still in the most vigorous stage of energy and raw material consumption. Among them, coal is an important energy source for urbanization in China. In 2020, the national coal consumption will be about 4065438+ billion tons, up by 0.9% year-on-year. It is predicted that coal will still account for more than 40% of China's primary energy consumption in 2035. Therefore, for the coal industry, China has been committed to promoting intelligence, resolving excess capacity and improving energy utilization.
Intelligent coal mine is the technical support for the high-quality development of coal. China's coal mining technology has experienced four main stages: manual blasting mining, general mechanized mining, comprehensive mechanized mining and current intelligent mining. Intelligent coal mine is the fourth major technological change in the coal industry.
Coal mine robot is the key link to promote the intelligence of coal industry. The Catalogue of Key Research and Development of Coal Mine Robots divides coal mine robots into five categories: tunneling, coal mining, transportation, safety control and rescue. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China eliminated backward production capacity by about1.700 million tons. Aiming at the intelligentization of coal mines, special projects such as "Large-scale fully mechanized mining robot", "Coal mine auxiliary transport robot under complex geological conditions" and "Mine impact-resistant drilling application demonstration robot" have been carried out, which have achieved certain results and standardized some indicators.
At the beginning of 20 19, the Catalogue of Key R&D of Coal Mine Robots was released, and it was proposed that 38 kinds of coal mine robots in 5 categories should be promoted with emphasis on key posts and dangerous posts. With the introduction of national policies, many scientific research institutions, coal enterprises and robot manufacturing enterprises began to explore the development of underground robots in coal mines.
In the new development period of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan", China has put forward new development requirements for improving energy efficiency, and the relevant special directions have also been adjusted to some extent.
In March 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission and other eight ministries and commissions issued "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Intelligent Development of Coal Mines" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), which put forward new directions and new conditions for the intelligent development of coal mines and re-emphasized the goal and task of continuously deepening the intelligent development of coal industry.
The "Opinions" pointed out that coal mine intelligence is the core technical support for the high-quality development of the coal industry. It is necessary to deeply integrate artificial intelligence, industrial Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, robots and intelligent equipment with modern coal development and utilization, and finally form an intelligent system with comprehensive perception, real-time interconnection, analysis and decision-making, autonomous learning, dynamic prediction and collaborative control, so as to realize coal mine development, mining (stripping), transportation, ventilation and washing. This integrated and intelligent development direction is of great significance for improving the safety production level of coal mines and ensuring the stable supply of coal.
On April 6th, 20021year, Anbiao National Center for Safety Signs of Mining Products Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Anbiao National Center) issued the Management Scheme of Safety Signs for Underground Robots in Coal Mines and the Basic Safety Requirements for Underground Robots in Coal Mines (for Trial Implementation), which put forward safety requirements for underground robots in coal mines. Relevant requirements have been further clarified and standards have been continuously improved.
At present, some coal mines in China are carrying out intelligent construction, but there are some problems such as lagging research and development of basic theories, imperfect technical standards and specifications, insufficient platform support, insufficient technical equipment support and lack of high-end talents.
At the same time, from the market demand, policy demand, technical requirements and other aspects, the popularization and application of coal mine robots is also very difficult. From the demand side, the occurrence of coal mine disasters is not a normal event in coal mines. The frequency of some intelligent robots is low, and the R&D iteration speed is not fast, which affects the rescue effect to some extent. Moreover, coal mine rescue robots need professional teams to maintain and train professional operators, and the cost of establishing such professional teams is relatively high. At the same time, policies and regulations on safety licensing, testing and evaluation, standardization and other aspects need to be more clear, so as to guide the popularization and application of coal mine robots to be more efficient and reasonable.
In addition, technical upgrading is also an important aspect to promote the development of coal mine rescue robots, especially in explosion-proof design, explosion-proof materials, lightweight structure, electronic equipment integration, artificial intelligence and testing methods. These are the problems that need to be solved in the practical process of coal mine rescue robot. It has been suggested that artificial intelligence technology in other fields can be used for reference and applied to coal mine robots, such as voice recognition and analysis, image enhancement and obstacle recognition, analysis and identification of dangerous gas components, and position navigation based on image features.
In order to promote the high-quality development of the coal industry and promote the transformation and upgrading of the coal industry, the Opinions are divided into three detailed planning objectives:
-By 202 1, various types and modes of intelligent demonstration coal mines will be built, and the technical system of information transmission and automatic operation in the main links of coal mine development design, geological guarantee, production and safety will be initially formed, so as to reduce the number of people in the heading face and improve efficiency, realize few people or unmanned operation in the fully mechanized mining face, and realize unattended and remote monitoring in the fixed posts of underground and open-pit coal mines.
-By 2025, large-scale coal mines and coal mines with serious disasters will be basically intelligent, forming a technical specification and standard system for intelligent construction of coal mines, realizing intelligent decision-making and automatic coordinated operation of pioneering design, geological support, mining (stripping) transportation, ventilation, washing and logistics systems, realizing robot operation in key positions underground, and realizing intelligent continuous operation and unmanned transportation in open-pit coal mines.
-By 2035, all kinds of coal mines will be basically intelligent, and an intelligent coal mine system with multi-industrial chain and multi-system integration will be built, and an intelligent coal mine system with intelligent perception, intelligent decision-making and automatic execution will be built.
The goal and path are clear about three points:
1) The vision of coal intelligent development is: realizing real-time perception of multi-source information in coal mine in all time and space, and controlling intrinsic safety risks in closed loop; The whole process of man-machine-ring-pipe digital interconnection works efficiently and cooperatively, and the production site is fully automated, which makes coal miners feel more happy and coal enterprises create more value.
2) The intelligent construction of coal mines should adhere to classified construction, which varies from mine to mine; Cultivate models, demonstrate and lead; Promote in an all-round way and meet the classification standards; Safety and efficiency, quality first principle.
3) The main path of coal mine intelligence is "intelligent production decision control+robot operation"
At the same time, from June, 205438 to February, 2020, the National Energy Administration and the State Bureau of Mining issued the first batch of intelligent demonstration coal mines, and determined that 7 1 coal mine was the first batch of intelligent demonstration coal mines in China, including 66 underground mines and 5 open-pit mines. 63 coal mines were upgraded and intellectualized, and 8 intelligent coal mines were built (expanded). The intelligent technical standards for coal mines, such as Technical Conditions and Evaluation of Intelligent Coal Mine Classification and Classification, and Technical Conditions and Evaluation of Intelligent Coal Mining Face Classification and Classification, have been formulated, and four modes of complete sets of intelligent coal mining technology and equipment have been developed, forming a relatively mature intelligent coal mine construction and promotion mode.
It can be predicted from the energy structure of China that coal will be difficult to be replaced on a large scale for a long time to come. At the same time, under the background of the turbulent international political situation and the prevalence of international trade protection measures, coal will remain a "ballast stone" for the safe and stable supply of energy and a "stabilizer" for the adjustment and transformation of energy structure for a long time to come.
However, under the general requirement of carbon neutrality at the peak of carbon dioxide emission, it is also necessary to change the way of coal production and utilization, and take the fourth coal technology revolution as an opportunity to transform into a digital and intelligent new industry and new format. Facing the carbon-neutral goal of peak carbon dioxide emission, the energy development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period needs to fully implement the new energy security strategy of "four revolutions and one cooperation" and unswervingly take the road of intelligent, green and sustainable development. As a basic energy source in China, high-quality development of coal is of great significance.
As the core technical support for the high-quality development of coal industry, coal mine intelligence is a new stage of comprehensive mechanization and informatization development of coal mine, a new direction of coal productivity and production mode revolution, and the "fourth important technological change". It is the only strategic task for the high-quality development of China's coal industry in the new period to speed up the intelligent construction of coal mines, build a new system of intelligent green coal mine industry and realize the intelligent, safe, efficient mining and clean utilization of coal resources. Promoting the transformation of coal development and utilization mode is also an important measure to realize coal carbon emission reduction, build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, improve the quality of energy supply, and strive to achieve the long-term goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions in 2030 and 2060.
I hope that more people will participate in the construction of coal mine robots in the future, so that artificial intelligence, cloud computing, Internet, big data and other technologies can escort the coal mine industry.