I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas. These two sentences are about planting beans in Nanshan, with lush grass but sparse bean seedlings. The first sentence is very plain, just like an old farmer standing there talking, which makes people feel very cordial. Although the author is interested in the countryside, the first time he came back, the labor effect was not ideal, the crops were not growing well, and the bean seedlings were not as good as grass. On the one hand, it is difficult to eradicate because the land is barren, overgrown with weeds and sparsely populated; On the other hand, it also shows that he is not good at labor. It is reasonable and inevitable that a feudal scholar-bureaucrat, a county grandfather who has just left the official position, has neither farming experience nor farming ability, and can't grow crops well. He is not satisfied with the situation that "grass is full of beans and seedlings are scarce", but he does not exaggerate, which is in line with his consistent "Ren Zhen complacent" character. Xiao Tong said that he was straightforward and didn't lie. He once shared a drink with others, regardless of the cost. If he gets drunk first, he says to the guest, "I'm drunk and sleepy, so go!" " The poet is very liberal.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night. In order not to make the bean field barren, the poet went to the fields early in the morning and came back in the moonlight at night. Although it was hard, he didn't complain, which can be seen from the beautiful scenery of "the moon and the lotus returning home". Chen Xing was written early; "With the Moon" was written very late, and we can see him working at sunrise, working hard every day. "Managing waste and filth" describes the difficulty of reclamation after he returned to the farm. Although the working hours are very long every day, and the body is very tired from sunrise to sunset, the poet has no complaints, but writes about his lightness after work in a leisurely style of "picking the moon lotus and hoeing home". Tao poetry is plain and interesting. The interest of Tao poetry comes from freehand brushwork. "Go home with the moon hoe", the poet who returned from work is alone, but accompanied by the bright moon. The poet under the moon walked through waist-deep grass with a hoe on his shoulder. Returning to the countryside on a moonlit night, what a beautiful picture! It is full of the poet's happy mood and seclusion pride. We seem to see the poet strolling home with a hoe on his back and humming a poem after coming out of the mountain in the middle of the month. At this time, man, the moon and the natural environment constitute a harmonious unity, and the poet's spiritual comfort is purified into a noble natural beauty, spiritual beauty and poetic beauty through artistic brushwork, and a beautiful and quiet artistic conception and leisurely image emerge. The sentence "take the moon" can be said to be a stroke of genius. It turns hard work into joy, turns drowsiness into relaxation, and has a little dyeing effect. . The plain language of "planting beans in Nanshan" and the beautiful sentence of "bringing lotus home in the moon"; The first sentence is real, and the last sentence is empty. The whole poem is soft and perfect with the mutual complement of simplicity and reality.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will. The road is narrow and the grass is long, but the clothes are wet. What's the pity? These two sentences are further written that the countryside is barren and difficult to return to farming. The above six sentences describe farming life, which is true and simple, just like in the eyes. The sentence "clothes are not enough" seems dull, but this dullness just reflects the ending sentence "but I will not violate my wishes", which makes "I will not violate my wishes" fully emphasized. The "wish" here contains the meaning of not losing yourself in the dirty real world. It not only has the Confucian thought of leading an honest and clean life, but also has the Taoist thought of returning to nature and conforming to nature, and the two are often integrated. The language of this poem is very plain and natural. "Planting beans in Shannan" and "Dew on my clothes" are all random, without any modification. This natural and simple poem is integrated into the artistic conception of the whole poem, which turns spoken language into poetry, harmoniously unifies simple spoken language and poetic mellow beauty, and forms the artistic characteristics of Shi Tao's simple and mellow beauty.
This five-character poem mainly uses the method of "Fu" to express thoughts and feelings through narration. There is no description of scenery, no contrast of atmosphere, and no use of metaphor. Almost all of them were described, and finally only a little discussion was made to point out its main idea. The whole poem tells the truth and comes from the heart, so "Houshan Poetry Talk" says: "Yuan Ming is not a poem, but a wonderful thing in the chest." "Poems on Tibetan Sea" said: "Narrating Tao poems,' dry outside and fat inside, rich in quality', is meaningful." Cui Yuan Kondo, a Japanese scholar, said that this poem is "the essence of gold and jade in the Five Ancient Dynasties". Tao's poems have been praised by Chinese and foreign poetry critics, showing his artistic power to conquer people's hearts.