From 15 17 to 1546, Martin Luther resolutely protested against the Roman Catholic church and launched the religious reform movement.

The religious reform movement initiated and led by him swept across Europe, permanently ending the feudal theocracy of the Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe.

Crusade (Latin: Cruciata, 1096- 129 1) is a series of religious wars waged by feudal lords and knights in western Europe against eastern Mediterranean countries with the permission of the Roman Catholic Pope. Since the holy city of Roman Catholicism, Jerusalem, fell into the hands of Islam, most of the Crusades were aimed at Islamic countries, and the main purpose was to recapture Jerusalem from Islam.

The Crusade Movement from 1 1 to13rd century lasted for nearly 200 years, and * * carried out nine crusades, mobilizing more than 2 million people. Although the slogan is to defend religion and liberate the holy land, it is actually a war of aggression and plunder based on political, religious, social and economic purposes, and all groups participating in the Crusade have their own purposes. Italian businessmen want to control the business in the eastern Mediterranean and gain huge benefits; The Pope wants to merge the Orthodox Church and expand the sphere of influence of Catholicism. Many serfs and refugees oppressed by natural disasters and taxes were summoned by the church and feudal lords to lure them to the East to find a way out and a paradise.