One of the old seven skills, statistical analysis table
Statistical analysis table is a tool for sorting out data and analyzing preliminary reasons by using statistical tables, and its format can be varied. This method is simple, but practical and effective.
Second, the data layering method
The data stratification method is to summarize the data with the same nature and the same collection conditions for comparative analysis. Because in actual production, there are many factors that affect the quality change, if these factors are not distinguished, it is difficult to get the change law. Data layering can be carried out in many ways according to the actual situation.
Third, pareto chart.
Pareto chart, also known as Plato, was named after Plato, the inventor of this graph and an Italian economist in the19th century. Plato first used pareto chart to analyze the distribution of social wealth. He found that 80% of Italy's wealth was concentrated in the hands of 20%. Later, people found that this law was observed in many occasions, so it was called Pareto Law.
Fourth, the causal analysis chart
Causality analysis chart is characterized by results, with reasons as factors, and the relationship between them is represented by arrows. Causality analysis diagram is a systematic way to explain a variety of reasons for a result, that is, to express the relationship between the result (characteristics) and the cause (factors). Its shape is like fishbone, also known as fishbone map.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) histogram
Histogram, also known as histogram, is the main tool to represent data changes. Histogram can be used to analyze the regularity of chaotic data, visually see the distribution of product quality characteristics, and the central value or distribution of data is clear at a glance, which is convenient to judge its overall quality distribution.
Sixth, scatter plot
Scatter chart, also known as correlation chart, is to point out two variable data that may be related on a coordinate chart to indicate whether there is correlation between a pair of data. This pairing data may be the relationship between feature-cause, feature-feature and cause-cause. Through observation and analysis, we can judge the correlation between two variables.
Seven. Inspection chart
Control chart is also called control chart. It is a graph with control boundary, which is used to distinguish whether the cause of quality fluctuation is accidental or systematic, and can provide information about the existence of systematic causes, so as to judge whether the production process is under control.
One of the new seven techniques, tree diagram
Tree diagram is to analyze "purpose-method" or "result-cause" layer by layer to find the most suitable method and the most fundamental reason. Because it is shaped like a branch of a big tree, it is named dendrogram, which is widely used in business circles at present.
Second, the connection diagram
Correlation diagram is a graph that connects various factors related to phenomena and problems in series. Through the connected graph, we can find out all the important graphs related to this problem, so as to further grasp the key problems and seek solutions.
Third, affinity diagram
Affinity diagram, also known as KJ method, refers to a method that collects a large number of data according to their affinity (similarity), so as to make the problem clear and help solve the problem.
Fourth, the matrix diagram
Matrix diagram refers to a method of finding pairs of factor groups from problem items and arranging them in rows and columns respectively, and finding out the correlation or degree between rows and columns.
Vector graph of verb (abbreviation of verb)
Vector diagram, that is, network analysis technology, reflects the whole picture of the whole project or task with interrelated process network diagram and relatively simple calculation method, and points out the key processes and key routes that have influence on the overall situation, so as to make practical overall arrangements.
Sixth, PDPC method.
PDPC method is the abbreviation of ProcessDecision Program Chart in English and process decision program chart method in Chinese. The so-called PDPC method refers to a planning method of multi-scheme design for a certain purpose to cope with various changes in the implementation process. ?
Seven. Matrix data analysis
Matrix data analysis is a method to accurately sort out and analyze the relationship between the elements quantitatively represented by data on the matrix diagram by using principal component analysis and other calculation methods. This is a quantitative analysis method. Among the seven new methods of quality management, matrix data analysis is the only one that uses data to analyze problems.
Extended data
The Origin of Seven Quality Assurance Technologies
Seven tools, old and new, were summed up by the Japanese. After the Japanese put forward the old seven pieces and succeeded, they put forward the new seven pieces in 1979. It is called "seven tools" because ancient Japanese samurai often carried seven weapons when they went out to fight, and the so-called seven tools were used by seven weapons.
Of course, there are more than seven useful quality statistics management tools. In addition to the old and new seven tools, the commonly used tools include experimental design, distribution diagram, transfer diagram and so on.
In fact, the methods of quality management can be divided into two categories: one is organizational quality management based on the idea of total quality management; The second is quality control based on mathematical statistics.
Main contents of seven techniques of quality assurance
Organizational quality management method refers to the method of quality management from the perspective of organizational structure, business process and working style of personnel. It is based on the idea of total quality management, and its main contents include: formulating quality policy, establishing quality assurance system, carrying out QC group activities, sharing the quality responsibilities of various departments and carrying out quality diagnosis.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Seven Skills of Quality Management