The Change of Dune, also known as Dune's Plan, is an event in which Zhao Gao and Reese killed Fu Su, the son of Qin Shihuang, in Dune Palace (now Guangzong County, Hebei Province) and made Qin Ershi the throne after his death.
In the thirty-seventh year of the first emperor (2 10 BC), Qin Shihuang made his last tour in his life. Reese, Hu Hai and Zhao Gao followed as usual, staying behind for illness. He died suddenly on the cruise, and the testamentary edict ordered his son Fu Su to preside over the funeral, which means that he would be enthroned even if he came back.
At this time, Fu Su was supervising the army in Shang Jun, but Zhao Gao, who was in charge of the imperial edict, launched a conspiracy, threatened Prime Minister Reese and executed Fu Su and Montaigne. Hide the death of Qin Shihuang, put salted fish on Qin Shihuang's car to block the smell of Qin Shihuang's body. After returning to Xianyang, they made Hu Hai the son of Emperor Qin Ershi.
Unexpectedly, the first emperor died suddenly in the sand dunes, and eunuch Zhao Gao coerced left-handed Reese to launch the "sand dune change". They conspired to tamper with the imperial edict of the first emperor, abolish Prince Fu Su, and make Hu Hai the new emperor and Qin Ershi.
2. Seven-nation rebellion
The Seven Kingdoms Rebellion was a vassal rebellion that took place during the reign of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty in China. After Han Jing ascended the throne, Chao Cuo, an adviser to the imperial court, proposed to weaken the power of the vassals and strengthen centralization.
In the third year of Jingdi (before 154), Jingdi adopted Chao Cuo's "feudal policy of separatist regime" and successively issued imperial edicts to cut off the fiefs of Chu, Zhao and other vassal states. At this time, Liu Bi, Zhao Liu, Ji 'nan Liu Bi-guang, Zichuan Wang Liu Ang and Jiaodong Wang Liu Xiongqu joined forces with Liu Zongshi to launch a rebellion in the name of "Jun Qing side".
Thanks to Liang's insistence and the advancement of the Han army led by Zhou Yafu, the rebellion was put down within three months.
The Seven Kingdoms Rebellion is the outbreak of the contradiction between the local separatist forces and the central autocratic imperial power. The pacification of the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion marked the basic elimination of the threat of the vassal forces in the Western Han Dynasty and the consolidation and strengthening of centralization.
3. The curse of partisan strife
The scourge of parties refers to the events in which the literati and nobles were dissatisfied with the eunuch's disorderly administration and had a party struggle with the eunuch during the reign of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling in ancient China.
The incident was named after the eunuch imprisoned the scholar for life on the charge of "party member". * * * happened twice. The two disasters in which the party fought against different factions ended in the failure of the anti-eunuch clique, which was severely hit and party member was brutally suppressed.
The remarks at that time and the historians in the future sympathized with the scholar-bureaucrat party, believing that the disaster of party struggle hurt the foundation of the Han Dynasty and laid the groundwork for the Yellow Scarf Uprising and the ultimate demise of the Han Dynasty.
4. Eight Kings Rebellion
The Eight Kings Rebellion was a civil strife caused by the royal family's struggle for the central government in the Western Jin Dynasty in China, which was caused by Queen Jia Nanfeng's interference in politics.
The unrest lasted for sixteen years and was divided into two stages: the first stage was from March to June in the first year of Yuankang (29 1), which lasted for three months; The second stage, from the ninth year of Yuankang (299) to the first year of Guangxi (306), lasted seven years.
Its core figures are Sima Liang, King of Ru 'nan, Sima Wei of Chu, Sima Lun, Wang Sima, Changsha, Sima Ying of Chengdu, Sima Yu of Hejian and Sima Yue, the Eight Kings of East China Sea.
The turmoil in the Western Jin Dynasty involved more than eight kings, but eight kings were the main participants, and the Book of Jin merged eight kings into a series of biographies, so the history called this turmoil "the chaos of eight kings."
"Eight Kings Rebellion" is one of the most serious royal civil strife in the history of China. At that time, the social economy was severely damaged, which led to the national subjugation of the Western Jin Dynasty and nearly 300 years of turmoil. Later, China entered the period of five lakes and sixteen countries (five chaos in China).
5. Changes of Xuanwu Gate
The change of Xuanwu Gate was a coup staged by Li Shimin, the second son of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, on the fourth day of June (AD 2,626) in Tang Gaozu Wude, near Xuanwu Gate, the North Palace of Taiji Palace in Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty (now Xi, Shaanxi).
In the process of fighting against the Sui Dynasty, the cooperation between the Li brothers was tacit until the establishment of the Tang Dynasty.
Tang Gaozu Tang Gaozu acceded to the throne, and Li Jian became a prince, who was stationed in the palace to handle affairs as a representative of the civil service group. Li Shimin, the king of Qin, continued to lead the military commanders to lead troops to fight, which was also the greatest contribution.
Knowing that his merits and prestige were not as good as those of the people, the prince was afraid, so he joined forces with his younger brother, King Li Yuanji of Qi, to crowd out and frame Li Shimin. At the same time, Li Shimin Group also refused to accept the prince, and the two sides continued to fight with each other.
After a long struggle, under the bias of others, Li Group gradually gained the upper hand and controlled the situation. In order to save the situation, he finally killed his eldest brother Li and his fourth brother Li Yuanji in Xuanwu Gate. For the sake of Emperor Taizong and Zhenguan, Li Shimin forced Tang Gaozu of Tang Gaozu to become the new Crown Prince and inherit the throne.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Changes in Dunes
Baidu Encyclopedia-Seven Kingdoms Rebellion
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Curse of Party Struggle
Baidu Encyclopedia-Eight Kings Rebellion
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Change of Xuanwu Gate