19 17 in March (February in Russian calendar), the second bourgeois democracy broke out in Russia at the height of World War I.

Revolution-February Revolution. The February Revolution overthrew the Romanov dynasty, which ruled Russia for more than 300 years, and ended.

The reactionary rule of tsarist autocracy. During the uprising, a new revolutionary regime-Petrograd Engineer Representative was established.

Soviets. However, the bourgeoisie stole the fruits of the victory of the revolution and set up an interim government, forming a situation in which two regimes coexist.

Situation. The victory of the February Revolution created favorable conditions for the Russian proletariat to strive for socialism and promoted socialism.

The upsurge of revolutionary movements in western European countries.

The development of Russian revolutionary movement after the outbreak of World War II

1905- 1907 after the failure of the Russian revolution, the reactionary forces were rampant and the revolution turned into a low tide. But the bourgeois people

The task of the main revolution has not been cancelled from the agenda. 1July, 907, the third representative meeting of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.

The resolution pointed out: "The basic reasons that determine the Russian revolution still exist: the requirements of domestic political system and economic development."

Extremely unsuitable, the bankruptcy of farmers, the deepening of proletarian poverty and unemployment still exist, so the revolution

The objective historical task has not been solved, and the revolutionary forces have not been completely eliminated. "

On the eve of World War I, a new revolutionary climax appeared in Russia, and the scale of mass revolutionary struggle has reached.

Recently 1905, the organization and consciousness have been greatly improved. Workers in Petersburg, Moscow and other cities

Strike struggles continue to occur on a large scale. According to official data, 725,000 people went on strike in 19 12.

Thousands, compared with 887,000 in 19 13. The actual number of people on strike greatly exceeded the official figure. This group

The mass revolutionary strike struggle directly opposed the czar's autocratic system. Due to the outbreak of World War I, the revolutionary movement

The development of dynamic has been temporarily interrupted.

The First World War, which started at 19 14, was an imperialist war. Tsarist Russia participated in launching this war.

One of the chief culprits of predatory war.

The war accelerated the maturity of the revolutionary opportunity. During the war, the Russian national economy was seriously damaged. Russian workers

The industrial base is not developed enough. 19 13 The national steel output was only 4.2 million tons. Machinery manufacturing, chemical workers

Weak industries. There is no automobile manufacturing industry. Many machines and weapons depend on foreign countries. Before the war, Russia imported 37% machines.

The self-sufficiency rate of important equipment and lathes is less than 1/3. The war weakened Russia's commercial ties with foreign countries and the progress of machinery.

The mouth has dropped sharply. 1914-1916 years, although the Russian machine industry grew, most of its products were destroyed.

Fight for consumption. According to statistics, during this period, the products of 123 large machinery manufacturing industry increased from 200.3 million rubles to 954.6 million rubles.

Rubles. The output of military products increases by more than 13 times every year on average, while the output of civilian products only increases by 40%. 19 16, agricultural machinery production.

The quality of goods is only15 of that before the war, and the output of locomotives and carriages has obviously decreased, including 16% for locomotives and 14% for carriages. Machines,

The serious shortage of lathes also affects the decline of ore, coal and oil production. Due to the lack of fuel and raw materials, the blast furnace

Cease fire, many factories have to close. Before the war, textile mills that relied on imported cotton stopped production. Petrograd, 19 16

20% looms can't start. At the front, there is a serious shortage of weapons and ammunition. 60,000 rifles are needed every month. 19 14

From August to February 2008, only134,000 rifles were produced. We need 800 machine guns every month, but 1965438+ was produced in the second half of 2004.

860 machine guns.

Traffic and transportation are seriously blocked. Railways cannot undertake the rapid growth of transportation tasks. 1965438+ In the last five months of 2006,

The grain transported by railway for the army can only meet the demand of 6 1%. By 19 17, the grain transportation volume dropped again to 1.

50%, compared with 42% in February. Some wounded soldiers went without food and gauze for several days. In Petrograd, Moscow and other industries

Food is scarce in cities, but there are plenty of food in Siberia, Urals, Caspian Sea, Volga River and Don River.

Meat and fish will rot. 19 16 years, the stored grain deteriorated to150,000 wagons. Shipping is not good either. The Baltic and Black Seas are early.

Blocked by Germany and Austria-Hungary. Russia's relations with its allies are mainly through Murmansk, Arkhangelsk and the sea.

Outside the gods. However, there is no railway between the mainland and Murmansk. From Arkhangelsk to vologda

The railway is a narrow gauge (19 16 is changed to a wide gauge), so the transportation is inconvenient. Vladivostok is too far from the Russian hinterland. As a result, a large number of goods

Everything is piled up in the port and can't be transported into the mainland. In Arkhangelsk, there are mountains of coal piled up along the dock.

Carrying lathe boxes for the arsenal. In Murmansk, ships have to wait for weeks or even months before unloading.

After the outbreak of war, agricultural production was seriously affected. The number of conscripts with working ability reached1.500 million.

Mainly from the countryside. According to the survey of 19 17, the rural male labor force in 50 provinces of Europe and Russia decreased by 47.4%. plough

Area reduction100000 mu. The number of livestock decreased from19180,000 in 2004 to19130,000 in 2007. Grain harvest

Quantity decreased 1/4. The difficulty of transportation actually broke the link between urban and rural areas. In the market, food, meat, sugar and other farmers

Products are increasingly in short supply. 19 16 12, Petrograd can only get 14% of the planned grain supply. Landlords and rich peasants,

Businessmen, on the other hand, hold a lot of necessities and hoard speculation. Food often disappears from the store, but it is there again.

Sell at a high price on the black market. 19 16 In the summer, the grain price in Petrograd was 1.5-3 times higher than that before the war, especially meat and sugar.

Expensive. The broad masses of people are on the hunger line, complaining and having to fight. 19 15 in Europe and Russia due to hunger.

There were 684 peasant riots. 19 16 in the first five months, farmers revolted 5 10.

Among the belligerents, Russia has the longest front. The war was fought on 50,000 square kilometers of Russian territory. 3 million

Refugees are homeless and lack food and clothing. When the war was interrupted, many people lost their lives, were injured and disabled, and died of the plague. To 19 17

By March 30, 2000, Russia had lost 8.4 million people. Many soldiers' families are left unattended and their lives are very painful.

In order to maintain the war, the military expenditure of the czar's government increased day by day, reaching more than 30 billion rubles in March of 19 17.

Among them, 1/3 is paid by borrowing foreign debts, and the rest is paid by borrowing domestic debts and spamming paper money. 19 17, the official price of the ruble fell.

To 55 kopecks, the purchasing power dropped to 27 kopecks. The national debt increased from 8.8 billion rubles in 19 14 to 33.6 billion rubles in 19 17.

Cloth. The tsarist government's finances are in a state of collapse.

In order to meet the needs of the war, the czar government set up four departments in 19 15: national defense, food, fuel and transportation.

A meeting to regulate domestic economic life. But this did not save the economy from bankruptcy, but it did no good to the working people.

Than cruel plunder. Most factories extend working hours to fulfill military orders, increase labor intensity and exploit women.

Underage workers. According to the statistical data of 345 enterprises, the average annual net profit of 19 13 is 8.84%, increasing to.

16.49%, 19 16 increased to 17.58%.

Economic chaos, coupled with military failure, prompted the national revolutionary movement to rise again. Against hunger, against the emperor

The nationalist war was combined with the struggle against the tsarist system.

In May, workers in Ivanovo-Woznetsk went on strike, demanding lower prices and higher wages.

Then, Kostroma workers went on strike. 19 16 At the beginning of this year, in order to commemorate "Bloody Sunday", there were 654.38 million workers in Petrograd.

Strike. The discontent of the broad masses of farmers is also growing. Anti-donation and anti-expropriation of grain horses are found all over the country.

Soldiers are also affected by the revolution. 19 15, the sailors of the Baltic capital ship "Hangut" broke out in an uprising.

Russia is a prison for people of all ethnic groups. The oppressed ethnic groups in Russia have also made efforts to safeguard national interests and strive for national liberation.

Fight. 1965438+In June 2006, the uprisings in Central Asia and Kazakhstan were the major events of the year. Among them

The Turkish uprising in Sakstan lasted until after the February Revolution, and it was also against the bourgeois provisional government.

Within the ruling class, political crises are often superficial. Tsar Nicholas II and Queen Alexandra are in power.

There is no way out politically and militarily, and the spirit is pinned on superstition. The great liar Ge Ye rasputin (1872-

19 16) once pretended to be a "fairy" and a "prophet" and was introduced to the court. He filled the hearts of the tsar and the queen with superstition.

Empty, gain their trust, gain power in the court, and finally manipulate the power of the royal family. 19 14— 19

16, under the planning of rasputin, four cabinet prime ministers, six interior ministers, four war chiefs and three ministers were replaced.

Foreign minister, four ministers of agriculture and four ministers of justice. 19 16, the ruling group is divided into the chairman of the Council of Ministers.

(Prime Minister of the Cabinet) The pro-German faction headed by Stail Mayer and the pro-British faction represented by Foreign Minister Sason Novo,

Attack. The bourgeoisie expressed dissatisfaction with the tsarist government's failure to win the war and stop the revolution. Ali Mountain

Della was even suspected to be a German spy, because she was born in Germany and used her pro-Germany. Among the nobles, to the sand

The emperor's coma is also painful. 19 16 12 rasputin was under the royal protection of the Duke Yusubov in Petrograd.

Send someone to assassinate. Royalists tried to save the Romanov dynasty and prevent the outbreak of revolution. But in rasputin,

After being killed, there were rumors of a coup among the bourgeoisie, saying that a small group of conspirators were going to gather there.

Degele tried to sneak into the Tsar's train between Huangcun and Petrograd, arrested the Tsar and immediately sent him abroad.

Let's go All this shows that the rule of the tsarist system is collapsing.

The victory of the February Revolution

By the beginning of 19 17, the revolutionary time was completely mature. 1917 65438+1October 22nd (9), a worker in Petrograd Bri.

A strike was held at the call of Ersh Vic. The number of people who took part in the strike reached 1.45 million. In Moscow, Kharkov, Baku

Large-scale strikes and demonstrations have also been held in other cities. At that time, the police chief of Petrograd was reporting to the Minister of the Interior.

The notice said: "The idea of a general strike is gaining new supporters day by day, and it is as popular as 1905."

At this time, the bourgeoisie felt panic. The bourgeoisie appealed to the tsar, hoping that the tsar would let them participate in politics.

That's right. However, the czar simply ignored it and threatened to dissolve the State Duma. Menshevik in order to give the bourgeoisie

Level of support, invited workers to the State Duma on February 27th (14), the same day to the Duma near Tavrida Palace for a meeting.

Peaceful demonstrations, demanding that the Duma establish a government and give "the people a chance to live." This will enhance the reputation of the Duma,

Put pressure on the czar.

Bolsheviks insisted on opposing Menshevik's line of following the bourgeoisie. Because of the persecution of the czar government at that time

The Party Central Committee headed by Lenin is located abroad and is called the Central Foreign Affairs Bureau. The Party's domestic work is led by the Central Russian Bureau.

19 17 At the beginning of this year, leaders who participated in the work of the Russian Bureau were Vimy Molotov and Yajia Slypnikov.

Peter Ann ZaRuschi. The Russian Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China passed a resolution, pointing out that the demonstration in Duma would inevitably obscure the workers.

Revolutionary consciousness of class. Bolshevik Petrograd Committee distributed leaflets, calling on workers to "overthrow the czar monarch"

System! ""oppose war with war! " "Long live the provisional revolutionary government! "Hold a demonstration under the slogan. Therefore,

On February 27th, 90,000 people took part in the strike, and most of the workers followed the Bolsheviks and demonstrated in Neva Street.

Well, few people go to Tavrida Palace.

Under the leadership of the Central Russian Bureau of the Bolshevik Party, the masses were further mobilized.

On March 3rd (1February 8th), workers in the stamping workshop of Petrograd Putin Lov factory went on strike, demanding higher piece count.

Wages and recalls of laid-off workers. The factory refused unreasonably, threatened by high-handed means, and announced that it would suspend business indefinitely.

The Bolshevik Party, which had a great influence on the workers in the factory, immediately led the workers to confront the factory.

Fight. The strike extended to the entire Putilov factory. On March 7 (February 22), according to the order of the military authorities, Putin Love

The factory gate is closed. Workers could not enter, so they set up a strike Committee and decided to ask other workers for support. Conflict advancement

Step by step into a city-wide struggle.

On March 8 (February 23), according to the decision of the Bolshevik Party Central Russian Bureau and Petrograd Committee, a rally was held.

International Women's Day will be celebrated, and anti-hunger, anti-war and anti-czarist propaganda will be carried out. The meeting is over.

Later, women workers took to the streets to demonstrate, and men followed. On this day, 90,000 people took part in the strike.

That evening, the Central Russian Bureau of the Bolshevik Party and the Petrograd Committee discussed the situation of the struggle in the past day.

We advocate continuing the struggle and promoting the revolution.

On March 9, the number of strikers in Petrograd increased to 200,000. Crowds gathered in Neva Street from all directions. police

Cha tried to separate the masses, but to no avail. Workers sometimes gather here, sometimes there, and continue to show.

Wei parade.

After the development of large-scale strikes and demonstrations, the Bolsheviks turned to fight for the revolution.

To accomplish an important task. The Bolsheviks organized workers to go deep into barracks, posts and patrols to persuade soldiers not to drive into the people.

Guns.

On March 10, the Petrograd strike turned into a general strike. All kinds of enterprises, shops, restaurants and cafes have stopped.

Work. The city center is crowded with people. At that time, Tsar Nicholas II received him in Mojilov, where the base camp was located.

Khabalov, commander of the Degrad Military Region, reported the situation in the capital and ordered terror against the strike movement in Petrograd.

Means. 10 On the evening of March 30th, he signed a telegram to Khabalov: "Order riots in Kyoto tomorrow.

Stop. "The czar's army arrested five members of the Petrograd Committee of the Bolshevik Party in Petrograd overnight.

The heart and traffic arteries are covered with military police, and machine guns are set up on the roof and turret.

However, the fire of revolution has not been extinguished. According to the decision of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Vyborg Committee will act for him.

The functions and powers of the Degele Committee continue to lead the people in their struggle.

March 1 1 is Sunday. Workers in Petrograd still flock to the streets and squares. Guard Pavlov regiment reserve battalion

The soldiers of the fourth company rose up and refused to shoot at the people. The uprising marked the beginning of soldiers turning to the people. evening

In fact, the Bolshevik Vyborg Committee met. Meeting that the situation was very favorable to the proletariat, decided to

The strike turned into an armed uprising, and it was planned to get together with the soldiers and seize the arsenal. The Russian people and the tsarist system finally decided.

It's time to fight.

On March 12, thousands of workers marched to the center of Petrograd. Due to Bolshevik propaganda, the group

Weaving work, a large number of soldiers in the army turned to the revolution. At 6 am, the soldiers of Warren Guard Training Team revolted.

Kill the captain of the coaching staff, then take to the streets, drive to the nearby Pleobrado Rensky and Litovski groups, and put this

The soldiers of the two regiments United. After arranging the team, the Uprising Corps went to Viborg to meet the workers. Be stationed in Vyborg

The Moscow Guard training team in the area resisted and prevented the soldiers from taking part in the uprising. Uprising soldiers and workers rushed into the barracks,

Killed the teaching captain, took the weapon and armed the workers. Workers and insurgent soldiers occupied the arsenal and artillery headquarters.

Department, seized 40 thousand rifles, 30 thousand pistols and a large number of bullets. Bolsheviks led the masses to attack the prison and set it free.

The released Bolsheviks immediately rushed to the work area to take part in the fighting.

Soldiers and workers held public meetings and more and more troops took part in the uprising. According to statistics, the army took part in the uprising in March.

1 1 There were only 600 people in the evening. 12 The number of people increased to 10200 in the morning, 25,700 at noon and 66,700 at night.

12 On the evening of March, the czar's ministers held their last meeting in Maria Palace, but they were quickly arrested.

Nicholas II tried to transfer his troops from the front to Petrograd to suppress the uprising. However, the army near Petrograd

The team rebelled. The czar's crusade team was stopped halfway. The whole capital is in the hands of the uprising people.

/kloc-On the evening of March 2, the Bolshevik Party Central Committee (after discussion by the Russian Bureau in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China) distributed leaflets.

The table "to all Russian citizens" declared the collapse of the tsarist system, and the capital has been transferred to the hands of the uprising people; point out

The main tasks of the working class and the revolutionary army are to establish a democratic Republic, confiscate the land of landlords and implement an eight-hour working day.

System, unite the people of the belligerent countries to stop the imperialist war. This declaration was widely spread among the workers in Petrograd.

Later it was reprinted. It reflects the Bolshevik minimum program, that is, the bourgeoisie.

The guiding document of the first-level democratic revolution is the testimony of Bolshevik's leading role in the February Revolution.

After the victory of the revolution in Petrograd, the capital, it quickly spread to all parts of the country.

On March 12, the Moscow Committee of Bolshevik Party distributed leaflets calling on workers and soldiers to strike and demonstrate.

Wei marched in support of Petrograd armed uprising. 13 in the morning, a general strike began in Moscow. The parade marched to Red Square and the city.

Duma parade. Armed men drove away the guards and disarmed them. Hold a collective meeting in the square opposite Duma.

Congress. The Bolsheviks called on the workers to enter the barracks and get together with the soldiers. The soldiers soon turned to the revolution. March 1

Workers and uprising soldiers occupied the Kremlin, arsenal, railway station, municipal government, police station and telegraph office.

Wait, release political prisoners from prison.

The garrison and fleet near Petrograd responded enthusiastically to the armed uprising in the capital. March 14, the whole Cranstad

In the hands of the uprising people. Sailors and soldiers in Helsinki also held an uprising.

News of the Petrograd armed uprising reached the front, and the soldiers immediately took action and set up a soldiers' committee.

Supervisory officials. Farmers also welcomed the revolution, and overthrowing the czar system brought them political liberation. he

Farmers began to seize the landlord's land and strive for economic liberation. National liberation movements in various places have also been widely carried out.

In this way, Russia's second bourgeois-democratic revolution, the February Revolution, won.

The formation of coexistence of two regimes

In the process of strike and armed uprising, Petrograd workers established a new organ of political power-Soviet. Still there/still there

12 on the morning of March 6, at the meeting between the Bolshevik Vyborg District Committee and the workers, according to Vimy Moloto.

At her husband's suggestion, a Soviet group of workers' representatives was established, and in the name of this group, it was dispersed throughout the city on the same day.

Inform workers and soldiers, call for the establishment of the Soviet Union as a revolutionary political organ, and designate Finland as the representative.

Meeting place.

Menshevik and social revolutionaries, including Menshevik's representatives in the State Duma, the working class and local governments.

Staff, lawyers, journalists and workers of the Central Military Industry Committee of municipal authorities, urban self-government organs and cooperatives.

Team members, etc. , arrive at Tavrida Palace at 2-3 pm on March 12 (February 27th). Some of them are the same.

Workers' representatives who keep in touch and carry out legal activities, such as representatives of the State Duma, Niki Heze, Masco, etc.

Belev, Ya kerensky, Bo bogdanov, Ku Gwozdev, Ni sokolov, Ivo.

Kolkov, etc. , claiming to be a member of the Provisional Executive Committee of the Soviet Workers' Representatives, and in the name of this Committee,

The public in the capital issued a notice. The notice was immediately printed as a leaflet and published in Petrograd News on the same day.

Published in ". The notice said that representatives of workers, soldiers and residents in Petrograd announced at the State Duma meeting that they

The first representative meeting is scheduled to be held at 7 o'clock tonight in the seat of the State Duma. All the troops turned to the people's side.

Every 1 election 1 representative, every 1 thousand elections 1 representative for factories, and 1 representative for factories with less than 1 thousand people.

It was only a few hours from the announcement to the meeting, and many workers protested in the streets and could not participate in the election. The first month of a season.

Shvik was able to engage in legal activities during the czar's rule and had convenient conditions (such as through the Military Work Committee)

Members of the "Workers' Group" (representatives of the Menshevik State Duma) informed their supporters to attend the meeting. Therefore,

Most Soviet representatives were not directly elected by workers, but appointed by legal workers' organizations. Bulshvi

Dick has only a few representatives. Menshevik and Nikolai Rizek, a representative of the State Duma, were elected as the presidents of Petrograd Soviet.

Workers and social revolutionaries kerensky and Menshevik skobelev were elected as vice-chairmen. Participate in the executive Committee

Yes, most of them are also Mensheviks and social revolutionaries. Only at the end of the meeting did Molotov

Go to Tavrida Palace. After his efforts, only three representatives of Bolshevik Party attended the Petrograd Soviet administrative meeting.

Line Committee. They are: Yaga Slypnikov, Pianzarutsky and Piaanquela Shek.

Husband.

Due to the pressure of the masses, the Petrograd Soviet had to take some revolutionary measures. The first meeting of the Soviet Union

At the meeting, it was decided to set up a military commission to further lead the revolutionary movement of the army; Establish the Workers' Police (Red Guards)

(predecessor) to maintain the revolutionary order in the capital; Set up a food commission to ensure food and other food for the soldiers and civilians in the capital.

Supply of goods; Appoint 10 Commissioner to establish revolutionary regime in Petrograd districts; Set up sentries in banks and mint,

Deprive the old regime of financial control; Seal up reactionary newspapers and publish Soviet organ newspapers.

In order to consolidate the fighting alliance between workers and peasants (most of the soldiers came from peasants), the Bolsheviks advocated the establishment of.

Soviet soldiers represented. On March 13, soldiers' representatives began to attend Soviet meetings in Tavrida Palace. 14

, held a unified plenary meeting of Soviet engineers, 10 soldiers and sailors (including two Bolsh.

Vic) participated in the Soviet Executive Committee. At the same time, the first order of Petrograd engineer representing the Soviet Union was issued.

It is stipulated that all troops should establish soldiers' committees and sailors' committees through elections, and all activities of all troops can only be service.

From engineers to Soviet Union and Soldiers' Committee. Article 5 stipulates that weapons must be in the hands of soldiers' committees and abolished.

Under the old system, officers were not allowed to mistreat soldiers. The first order ensured that the army was in the hands of the Soviet Union, which was very important for consolidating the revolution.

This victory is of great significance.

After the Petrograd Soviet, most cities in China established the same authority. All over Russia, Suvi

Before the founding of Egypt, Petrograd engineers exercised their functions and powers on behalf of the Soviet Union.

However, at that time, in addition to the engineers representing the Soviet Union, there was another government, namely the bourgeois provisional government.

Russian bourgeoisie is inextricably linked with feudal forces, and it is more afraid of the proletariat than reactionaries.

It is a counter-revolutionary class. Many of them are royalists, who only want constitutionalism and share power with the czar, but are unwilling.

Fundamentally overthrow the tsarist system. However, at the height of the revolution, they became revolutionary partners. March

12 night, they hastily set up the temporary Committee of the State Duma in an attempt to seize power first. They also sent members of the October Party.

Yayigu Chekov and Vashwergen, a representative of the State Duma, went to Pskov to negotiate with the Tsar in an attempt to protect it.

Save the monarchy. Schulgen and ancient Chekov advised the Tsar that the only way to save the dynasty was to put the highest pipe.

Power is transferred to others. Nicholas II finally decided to give way to his brother Mikhail. March

At midnight in June, 5438+05 (2), the Tsar signed the declaration of abdication, and signed the appointment at the request of ancient Chekov and Schulgen.

Duke Lvov, a Constitutional Democrat, is the chairman of the Council of Ministers, and nicola nikolaevich is the supreme commander.

The plot failed because of the strong protest of the people. On his way back, at Petrograd station,

When raising a glass to express their wishes to Mikhail, the workers angrily arrested Gu Chekov and shot him. Miha

Il was unable to ascend to the throne, and 19 18 was shot.

The strength at that time was on the Soviet side. Key departments of state organs, such as telegraph bureau, broadcasting bureau, radio station,

Railways and so on are in the hands of the Soviet Union. The temporary committee of the State Duma doesn't even have a place to make a statement. not have

With the consent of the Soviet Union, the bourgeoisie cannot establish its own government. Therefore, the State Duma Interim Committee sued

Vieira's Executive Committee recommended that negotiations be held on the formation of a new government. Menshevik stole the leadership of the Soviet Union.

Social revolutionaries follow the capitulationist line and cater to the demands of the bourgeoisie. Menshevik opposed opportunism.

At first, I tried to limit the scope of the revolution. They believe that after the overthrow of the tsarist system, the legitimate owner can only be the bourgeoisie.

The Soviet Union can only exert pressure on the bourgeoisie to make it lean to the left. The Bolsheviks opposed the transfer of power to assets.

Class. On March 15, at the plenary session of the Soviet Union, Molotov criticized the Soviet Union on behalf of the Bolshevik Party.

The Executive Committee reached an agreement with the Duma representative, suggesting that the Soviet Union set up an interim revolutionary government. Menshevik

In order to achieve their own goals, they do not hesitate to attack the proletariat as a "decentralized and unorganized" force and advocate the use of assets.

The class consolidated its victory over the tsarist system and deceived some Soviet representatives. As a result, the Soviet Union adopted the implementation plan by a majority vote.

Carry out the recommendation of the Committee and hand over the political power to the bourgeoisie.

/kloc-in March of 0/5, the first bourgeois provisional government was established. The local Lord Yelimov is the general manager of the interim government.

Li and Barney Miliukov, Minister of the Interior and leader of the main bourgeois political party, the Constitutional Democratic Party, are Foreign Ministers.

Yayigu Chekov, the leader of the bourgeois right-wing party-October Party, is the Minister of Army and Navy and a member of the Social Revolutionary Party.

Fei kerensky is the Minister of Justice.

In this way, the two regimes, the Soviet Union and the interim government, coexist.

Why did the Soviet Union, which mastered the actual political power, take the initiative to hand over the political power to the bourgeoisie? Why choose an asset class?

Level can steal the fruits of this revolution?

There are many reasons for this. First, Russia has the largest number of petty bourgeoisie in capitalist countries.

This country. A large number of petty bourgeoisie are directly involved in the revolutionary wave, showing great vacillation and instability.

Second, during the First World War, the composition of the proletariat changed. Recruited a large number of conscious workers.

Go to the front. Instead, small private owners, craftsmen and small business owners. They became the Menshevik Peace Association.

Revolutionaries influenced the social foundation of workers. Third, during the February Revolution, revolutionary leader Lenin and other leaders

Some famous Bolsheviks live abroad. At home, many Bolsheviks are still in prison or far away from the revolution.

Exile in the center of life. The revolutionary leadership is relatively weak. Fourth, the bourgeoisie occupies an important position in the economy.

During the First World War, there was great organizational development, local self-government organs, national educational institutions, and various

First, the National Congress, Duma, Military Industry Committee and other legal posts, as well as the use of newspapers, publications and other public opinion workers.

With. All these give the bourgeoisie a great advantage. When the tsarist system was overthrown under the attack of revolution, the bourgeoisie

Level and walk onto the stage.

From the workers' strike in Petrograd on March 8 to March 15, Nicholas II abdicated within 8 days, and the czar

The system crashed completely. The rapid progress of the February Revolution is rare in history. The February Revolution came true so quickly.

Victory is not accidental.

The cruel oppression of the tsarist system and the imperialist war have intensified various contradictions in society and greatly awakened the people.

Resistance is an important factor in the victory of the February Revolution. Lenin said: "The reason why the Russian revolution is so easy to happen."

Born, just because Russia was cruelly squeezed by the czar government, no country was as strict as Russia.

Suffering from the hardships and pains of war. "

The victory of February Revolution was due to the influence of 1905- 1907 Russian Revolution. The revolution raised the consciousness of the masses.

Consciousness, so that they get the exercise of large-scale class struggle. Lenin pointed out, "Without the Russian proletariat,

During the period of 1905- 1907, a great class struggle was carried out, showing the revolutionary perseverance, so the second revolution was

Progress will not be so fast. "

In the February Revolution, the proletariat was the leader and formed a close alliance with the peasants, and the bourgeoisie saw this.

The people are about to defeat the autocratic system and speculate on the revolution. In the contrast of class power, the power of the people is dominant. Revolutionary encounter

The resistance is relatively small. Therefore, Lenin said: "The February Revolution won its initial victory because the proletariat followed it."

This class is not only the peasants, but also the bourgeoisie. So we easily defeated the tsarist system.

Degree, achieved the goal that 1905 failed to achieve. "

During the February Revolution, the Bolsheviks were not divorced from the masses despite their difficulties and small numbers.

Contact, always stand up at critical moments and lead the revolutionary movement. The slogan put forward by the Bolsheviks has a wide range of expressions.

The voice of the masses is a powerful weapon to mobilize the masses. In the February revolution, only the Bolsheviks explicitly put forward

Eight-hour working day, confiscation of landlord's land, establishment of democracy and thorough democracy to end the imperialist war.

Revolutionary program, and pointed out the way to realize this program. The main political party of the bourgeoisie, the Constitutional Democratic Party, etc.

No self-proclaimed socialist political party dares to openly touch the social and political problems that these people need to solve most urgently.

The February Revolution overthrew the Romanov Dynasty, ended the feudal autocratic rule and marked the first revolution in Russia.

Stage-the stage of bourgeois democratic revolution has ended, and the second stage of Russian revolution-the proletariat has begun.

The stage of socialist revolution.

The victory of the February Revolution brought about fundamental changes in the Russian political system and promoted the development of Russian history.

"Make the development process of backward Russia greatly accelerated", as if "catching up with Italy and Britain at once, and

Almost caught up with France. "This created the Russian proletariat's struggle against the bourgeoisie and for socialism.

Favorable conditions.