There should be some pollution-free places. He should have a certain amount when he appears. There should be no heavy metals in the river when he overdoses. It is called pollution when there is heavy metal, but it can't be done without him in heavy metal mines. There is a small amount of phosphorus in the river, and now excessive phosphorus causes eutrophication and pollution. In short, littering is pollution. Whatever it is. Of course, you are welcome to pollute my home with banknotes, gold, silver, platinum, precious stones, diamonds and securities.

It is of little significance to discuss the pollution of lithium batteries because they contain less toxic substances. Mainly depends on the production enterprise control, chemical pesticides control is good, but also very good. On the contrary, the enterprises that produce lithium batteries do not control it, which cannot be ignored.

On the pollution of lithium battery from the toxicity of each component to human body. Its composition is as follows:

1. The positive and negative current collectors are generally made of aluminum foil for the positive electrode and copper foil for the negative electrode, and some nickel tapes may be welded for connection and conduction. These are basically nontoxic. Now some waste lithium battery recycling units make money by recycling these steel and aluminum casings. Label: recyclable, pollution-free.

2. The negative electrode is usually graphite, and a few can be lithium titanate or silicon-based materials. Of course, there are tin-based cathodes, but it's too fucking high-end, and no one uses them now. Graphite is divided into natural graphite and artificial graphite. Natural graphite comes from graphite ore and then undergoes some processing. The pollution of this natural graphite is still serious, mainly the damage to the respiratory tract. You can search. Artificial graphite, made of petroleum coke or asphalt, is basically pollution-free. There are some recovery methods of graphite flotation in lithium batteries, but I don't know how they are applied now, and they can definitely be recovered. The production process of lithium titanate is not clear. Silicon cathode is basically pollution-free. According to the maximum amount of graphite. Label: moderate pollution, unknown recycling situation.

3. Positive electrode: At present, positive electrodes include lithium ferrous phosphate, lithium manganate, ternary materials, lithium cobaltate and lithium nickel cobalt aluminate. Lithium ferrous phosphate, generally used as automobile battery or energy storage battery, is nontoxic. Lithium manganate, electric bicycle battery, non-toxic. Ternary material: lithium nickel cobalt manganate, which is widely used, such as electric bicycles, electronic products, airplane models, etc. Cobalt is toxic Lithium cobalt oxide, digital products, mobile phones, pad, etc. , moderately toxic. Lithium nickel cobalt aluminate: unknown, the guess is the same as lithium nickel cobalt manganate.

4. Electrolyte consists of organic solvent and lithium salt. Organic solvents generally include pc, ec, dec, dmc, dme, etc. Among them, dmc is mild and others are non-toxic. The lithium salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate (most commonly used, as well as other lithium salts), which will be hydrolyzed into hf in water, which is toxic.

5. There are several kinds of shells: aluminum shell, steel shell, plastic shell and aluminum-plastic film. Among them, aluminum shell and steel shell are non-toxic. Plastic shell and aluminum-plastic film are white pollution.

6, diaphragm, generally polyolefin microporous membrane, pp, pe, white pollution.

7. Binders: At present, there are generally styrene-butadiene rubber sbr, polyvinylidene fluoride pvdf and some acrylic binders. Think these are white pollution.

In addition, nmp (micro-toxicity) is the main substance used in the electrochemical processing of lithium, and it is used as a solvent for positive and negative electrodes. It evaporates in the manufacturing process, and enterprises need to control its emissions and recycle them.

I think there are three main types of pollution problems in lithium batteries at present:

1. The pollution caused by cleaning the anode and cathode pulping equipment and coating equipment in the production process includes anode and cathode materials, nmp, glue and other substances. Some enterprises do not control it well (malicious speculation does not want to control it), which leads to the leakage of toxic wastewater.

First of all, washing articles when electrolyte is injected in the production process may cause water containing electrolyte to flow into the sewer.

Generally speaking, technical researchers are likely to discharge water directly into sewers.

Second, nmp recovery is incomplete.

Third, lithium batteries circulating in the market are rarely recycled. First, the pollution of lithium batteries is small, and everyone pays insufficient attention to it. Second, the recycling income of lithium batteries is low. In this way, lithium batteries don't have large-scale recycling applications like lead-acid batteries, but like batteries such as nickel-hydrogen batteries, there are only a few slogans such as "Don't throw away the batteries at will".

Damn, I've been writing for more than 40 minutes, and I have to work overtime. Let's season it.