1, Li Bai
Li Bai (70 1-762) was a great romantic poet in Tang Dynasty, and he was also called "Poet Fairy" and "Du Li" with Du Fu.
In order to distinguish Li Shangyin and Du Mu from "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is cheerful and generous, loves to drink and write poems, and likes to make friends.
Li Bai was deeply influenced by Huang Lao's idea of sorting out villages. Li Taibai's poems have been handed down from generation to generation, and most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include Looking at Lushan Waterfall, it is hard to go, Difficult Road to Shu, Entering Wine, Liang, First Sending Baidicheng, etc.
2. Du Fu
Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and then moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai.
In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Du Fu's fame was not outstanding when he was alive.
However, its fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
3. Li Shangyin
Li Shangyin (about 8 13-858), born in western Henan (xi) and Fan Nan, born in Xingyang, Zhengzhou (now Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan), was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and was called "Little Du Li" with Du Mu.
Together with Wen, they are called "Wen Li". Li Shangyin was one of the few poets who deliberately pursued the beauty of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty and even the whole Tang Dynasty. He is good at poetry writing, and his parallel prose also has high literary value. His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style.
In particular, some love poems and untitled poems are touching and touching, and are widely read. However, some poems (represented by Jinse) are obscure and inseparable, and there is a saying that "poets always love Quincy and hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng".
In the second year of Tang Wenzong (837), Li Shangyin became the first scholar, and served as secretary of the provincial school, bookkeeper of the school and commander of Hongnong. Because he was involved in the political whirlpool of "the dispute between Niu and Li", he was excluded and frustrated all his life.
In the last years of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (about 858), Li Shangyin died of illness in Zhengzhou and was buried in Xingyang, his hometown. It is also said that he was buried in Yongdian, Huaizhou (now Wangzhuang Town, Qinyang Mountain) at the foot of Qinghua Beishan, whose ancestral home is Dongyuan.
4. Du Mu
Du Mu (803- 852) was born in Fanchuan, Mu Zhi, Han nationality, Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). Du Mu was an outstanding poet and essayist in Tang Dynasty, the grandson of Du You, the prime minister, and the son of Du You.
Tang Wenzong Daiwa was a 26-year-old scholar in the second year and was awarded the post of Hong Wen Pavilion. Later, he went to Jiangxi to inspect the ambassador's tent, and then turned to Huainan to inspect the ambassador's tent. He was the editor of the National History Museum, the food department, Bibi department and Si Xun, and the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu.
Because he lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, he was later called "Du Fanchuan" and wrote "Collected Works of Fan Chuan". Du Mu's poems are famous for their seven-character quatrains, and the content is mainly lyrical about history.
His poems are handsome and brilliant, cut to the mundane, and achieved the late Tang Dynasty. Du Mu is called "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu and "Da Du". Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin.
Extended data:
In modern times, Du Li is usually called Li Bai and Du Fu, the great poets of the Tang Dynasty. Some people call Li Bai and Du Fu "big Du Li" and Li Shangyin and Du Mu "little Du Li".
The Relationship between "Big Du Li" and "Little Du Li" in Tang Dynasty;
Li Bai and Li Shangyin are related by blood. Li Bai's ancestor was a branch of Longxi Li, and some even said that he was a descendant of Li Yuanji, the king of Qi, and was related to the royal family. In the Book of Old Tang Dynasty, Li Bai was called the brother of Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty.
Li Shangyin was born in the late Tang Dynasty and was related to the royal family in Li Tang. Li Shangyin repeatedly emphasized in his articles and poems that he was a descendant of the royal family in Li Tang. According to Zhang Caitian, a scholar in the Republic of China, Li Shangyin is indeed a distant relative of the royal family in Li Tang.
In the late Tang dynasty, after more than a hundred years, this blood relationship has gone away. Judging from the life experiences of Li Bai and Li Shangyin, they are both descendants of Li in Longxi and are related by blood. Du Fu and Du Mu are also related by blood.
Their biographical data are more detailed and clear than those of Li Bai and Li Shangyin. During the Western Jin Dynasty, the famous Du was not only a hero who unified the whole country in the Western Jin Dynasty, but also a famous scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty and enjoyed a high reputation in the Jin Dynasty.
The Du family still flourished in the Tang Dynasty, with many celebrities, such as Du Fu, the early Tang poet, Du Fu, the grandson of Du Fu, Du You, a historian in the middle Tang Dynasty, and Du Mu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty. Among them, Du Fu is the13rd generation descendant of Du Yu, and Du Mu is the16th generation descendant of Du Yu.
Du Mu is a descendant of Du Fu's grandson. Of course, Du Fu and Du Mu have no direct blood relationship. They are all members of the huge Du family, and some of them are indirectly related by blood. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Li Bai was as famous as Du Fu.
In the late Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin and Du Mu came from the Li family. It is said that this is not a coincidence, but originated from the profound humanistic and political background of the Li family in Longxi and the Du family in Jingzhao, which is the continuation of the famous families in the Tang Dynasty, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Li