Let me introduce the poet Wang Changling first. People who talk nonsense about him in the Tang Dynasty also talk nonsense about how well his poems are written. Just recite a few poems casually: the moon broke during the Qin Dynasty and the Long March people did not return. But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to spend Yinshan; Misty rain enveloped Wu's day overnight; Send you in the morning, lonely and sad in Chushan! Relatives and friends in Luoyang asked each other, and a piece of ice heart was in the jade pot; There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan. Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but it will never be returned if it doesn't break Loulan ... However, I really don't know whether to ask this question: "The green hills are in the same storm, and the bright moon has been in two townships."
Yuan water flows through Wugang, and seeing you off won't make you feel hurt.
You and I went all the way to the green hills in the rain, at the top of the moon in both places?
This poem, entitled "Send firewood to the Palace Que", is a farewell poem by Wang Changling, which means that the waves in Yuanjiang River are connected with Wugang, and you will not be sad for leaving. You and I have always been connected to the green hills. How can we be in two places under the same bright moon? The Japanese posted the last two sentences on the materials supporting Wuhan and used the word "live". It's really good, wonderful and cultured. The topic initiated by netizens for this poem has two meanings: 1. Why can't people in China use it? 2. Why can't other countries use it? Such as South Korea, is also deeply influenced by China culture.
Let's solve the problem of "like Korea" first. What is certain is that it is not impossible to use it, but it is used in a different way. The usage of Koreans is takenism, and they must take it for themselves, even if they can't take it for themselves, they will never admit it. For example, "Confucius belongs to Korea" and "Dragon Boat Festival belongs to Korea". And they also take these things to apply for World Heritage. Although I failed, I was still unwilling. China people should know something about this.
The export of China culture has a long history and a vast area. What is alive is culture, and what is dead is cultural relics. There is a saying in academic circles: Han and Tang cultures look at Japan, Ming and Qing cultures look at South Korea, and Republic of China cultures look at Taiwan Province Province. Scholars are worried about this, saying that the fault of China culture in Chinese mainland is heartbreaking. In this regard, we say that China's culture is China's culture wherever it goes, Japanese culture is also China's culture, Korean culture is China's culture, and Taiwan Province Province is an inviolable part of the motherland. There is no need to worry too much, but mistakes really shouldn't be made.
Talk about Lu Xun around. These eight words are at the beginning of Lu Xun's On China's Reform: Chinese characters will not die, and China will die. In this regard, Lu Xun explained: "Because Chinese characters are difficult, most people in China will always be isolated from advanced culture, and the people of China will never be smart enough to understand their oppression and the crisis of the whole nation." Later I mentioned the disadvantages of Chinese characters more than once.
For example, Chinese Characters and Latinization wrote: "Yes, Chinese characters are handed down from generation to generation, but our ancestors are older than Chinese characters, so we are even more handed down from generation to generation. Sacrifice us for Chinese characters or sacrifice Chinese characters for us? This is something that can be answered immediately as long as there are no crazy people. "
-For example, "About New Characters" wrote: "Chinese characters are really a sharp weapon of ignorant policies ... Chinese characters are also a tuberculosis of the working people in China, and germs lurk in them. If you don't get rid of it first, you will only die. "
Lu Xun said that when he wrote this, he had a historical background-the New Culture Movement. In order to make the "movement" thorough, however, it seems extreme and excessive today, but it is also the "personality" of some groups of our nation. It seems that their worship of foreign things is not in place, which is just like our children desperately learning English if they can't learn Mandarin well. There are so many traditional festivals in our country, but they are desperately like foreign festivals, such as Christmas and Valentine's Day.
To be sure, learning English is not available to everyone in China, and it is not uncommon for some people to live a cultured and tasteful life during international festivals, but this trend can never be stopped. To put it bluntly, some groups of our nation opposed and abandoned China culture from the day when China culture was born.
We can't say that these people are cultural traitors, but we can learn a lot from them. For example, our slogan can only stay at the level of "Come on Wuhan" and "China will win" like other countries except Japan. There is a simple reason. If you don't love or won't at ordinary times, you won't even do it at critical times. No, it's natural.
In this way, we will put these two questions "1. Why can't people in China use it? 2. Why can't other countries use it? " Everything is settled. Next, a core question is, why can Japanese "live" Tang poetry?
We don't want to talk about Japan's research on China since Jian Zhen's voyage to the West in the Tang Dynasty, but just want to talk about a few details of the earliest exchanges between China and Japan. It is said that details determine success or failure, but sometimes details not only determine success or failure, but also determine attitude, and details and attitude together determine success or failure.
The first detail. Pei, Minister of Sui Dynasty, led the first government-level friendly delegation of Sui Dynasty to visit Japan, which contributed to the development of Sino-Japanese friendly relations.
"The Story of Sui Shu Dongyi" recorded the grand occasion of that year: the Japanese king put Xiao Dehe on the stage, and hundreds of people set up ceremonial ceremonies and blew drums to welcome him. 10 days later, he sent Godopai, a gift from heaven, to serve more than 200 riders. On August 12, 608, Pei met with the King of Japan and presented the above-mentioned objects and credentials. At that time, the king and minister Shoto Kutaishi both wore golden hair ornaments, embroidered with brocade and purple, and five-color silk to attend the conference ceremony, which showed the importance attached by the Japanese side.
The Japanese king modestly said to Pei Shuo: "I heard that the Great Sui Dynasty was a country of courtesy, righteousness and civilization in the west of our country;" I am just an island country, living in the corner of the sea, ignorant and ignorant, and I haven't even met for a long time. Today, distinguished guests from afar clean the road and decorate the exhibition hall for the ambassador, hoping to hear about the civilization from a great country. Pei replied in a big country tone: "The emperor's virtue and instrument are combined into one, and he has been scattered all over the world and used the king, so he sent pedestrians here to report it. "
This is the grand occasion of Pei's visit to Japan recorded in our history books. The Japanese not only attach great importance to it, but also attach great importance to it, which is very modest and modest. There is another detail about chopsticks. When giving a banquet in this palace to treat Pei and others, China table manners were adopted during the dinner, and two pairs of chopsticks and spoons were used as formal tableware and put on the plate. Japanese scholar Mr. Yamauchi Chang pointed out that this is the earliest official record of using chopsticks in Japan.
People today should see that the Japanese were not only engaged in "chopstick diplomacy" at that time, but more importantly, the chopstick culture originated in China. After a long period of development, it has now become a typical representative of Japanese culture.
The second detail. Before Pei's visit to Japan, in 607, Japan sent a diplomat named "Sister Xiao Ye" (male) to China and Luoyang, calling Emperor Yang Di "the son of the Buddhist revival by the Bodhisattva Haixi" and saying that he brought a group of Buddhist monks to study Buddhism. Then, he submitted a letter from the monarch to Emperor Yang Di. The beginning of the letter is "the son of heaven sends a message, and the son of heaven is safe on the day of the book."
In the tributary system of ancient East Asia, only the emperor of China could be called "the son of heaven", while the Japanese imperial edict called the supreme ruler of the country "the son of heaven", which greatly displeased Emperor Yang Di, so he ordered "Don't reply to those who were rude to barbarians", but at this time China was waging a war to conquer Koguryo and didn't want to make more enemies. Although it was "rude", Yang Di finally met Xiao Ye's sister, which contributed to Pei Shiqing's visit to Japan. Later, in order to maintain Sino-Japanese friendship, the Japanese learned this lesson and changed the title of the Sui Dynasty in the document to "the emperor worships the white emperor", which made the official exchanges between the two countries appear and reached a climax in the short Sui Dynasty.
Today, many people regard this incident as a joke, but the details can not be ignored. That is, in order to learn from China, Japan at that time could hide its strength without losing its dignity, instead of arguing with China about the level of written expression. It was very important to learn knowledge, etiquette and culture. If the development of Qi culture is the continuation and achievement of learning, then the change of appellation reflects the Japanese learning spirit and attitude.
The third detail. This detail is related to the Japanese name and Empress Wu Zetian of China.
Japan means "the country of sunrise". It was first called "Harmony" or "Japan" (both pronounced as yamato, translated as evil horse platform in Chinese), and the name "Japan" began to be used in the late 7th century. Its origin is not clearly recorded in Japanese history books, but China's New Tang Book records: "In the first year of Xianheng (670), he sent an envoy to peaceful Korea. Later, I learned a little Xia Yin and became known as Japan. The messenger said that he was famous for his recent appearance. " Meaning: In the first year of Xianheng in Tang Gaozong (670), the Japanese sent messengers to congratulate the Tang Dynasty on pacifying Koguryo. Because they know a little Chinese, they hate the name "Japan", so they changed the name of the country to Japan. The messengers claimed that it was named because it was close to the sunrise.
This is consistent with the record of King Wu Wenwang in December of the tenth year (670) in the History of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: "Japan is even more famous than Japan, and recently claimed to be famous." In 2004, an epitaph of your army was unearthed in Xi 'an, which is now in Xi 'an Museum. It is of great significance, because the earliest name of "Japan" appeared in the epitaph (AD 678), only eight years after the statement that Japan changed its name to "Japan" in 670. However, this does not mean that Japanese names have no early origins.
Zhang Shoujie, a person from the Tang Dynasty, recorded that the name of Japan was given by Wu Zetian: "Japan, Wu Zetian changed to Japan, and the country is in Baijinan and lives on an island across the sea." The unearthed epitaph of your army can't deny the existence of the statement that Wu Zetian gave the country name to Japan.
Today, in the debate about whether China's name comes from the Japanese messenger or Wu Zetian, we should see such a detail, that is, the Japanese do not copy everything while learning from the Japanese. If they have something better, they will replace the bad ones. It means "get rid of its dross and take its essence".
Finally, why can it be preserved? With these three details, it is impossible for the Japanese to learn from the Japanese. In fact, according to the exact written records, the official friendly exchanges between China and China began in the Han Dynasty in China and flourished in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Since then, although it has been diluted, it has continued. As Kiyoshi Inoue, a Japanese historian, said, through this exchange, Japan "greedily absorbed the advanced civilizations of North Korea and China like a baby's pursuit of breast milk, so it quickly moved from barbarism to civilization." However, why is it preserved?
There is only one regional problem here: Japan is an island country, and it was difficult to communicate with the outside world because of the barrier of the ocean in ancient times. So it is easy to be preserved or preserved after learning to get it back. This is different from Korea. In ancient times, coming to China from South Korea at least didn't require a boat, which was relatively easy and didn't suffer much. Therefore, what I learned was not cherished. Geography determines people's attitude towards culture.
Finally, let's write a poem expressing Sino-Japanese friendship and send it to the Japanese ambassador by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty:
It is not unusual in the sun, but it is beautiful in the sky.
Thinking about Huai Yu's righteousness is far away, but I am afraid of this road.
The sea is wide, the autumn moon is wide, and sailing in the evening.
Wang Huayuan showed his talent because he surprised another gentleman.