Eight-grade historical mind map Picture: Eight-grade historical mind map of Opium War Picture: Eight-grade historical mind map of Guangfu Xinjiang Picture: Eight-grade historical mind map of the Reform Movement of 1898 Picture: The Red Army is not afraid of expedition. The eighth grade history always reviews knowledge points ★ Lesson 9 New Culture Movement
1. Start time: 19 15.
2. Representatives: Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi, Lu Xun, etc.
3. Two flags:? Democracy? And then what? Science? .
4. Main orientation: new youth.
5. main content: early stage:? Four votes for it and four votes against it? Advocate democracy and oppose dictatorship; Advocate science and oppose superstition and blind obedience; Advocate new morality and oppose old morality; Advocating new literature and opposing old literature); Later period: propagating Marxism. (Li Dazhao)
6. Object: respecting Confucius' feudal autocracy.
7. Nature: The New Culture Movement is an unprecedented ideological emancipation movement in the history of our country.
8. Status and role: The New Culture Movement is an unprecedented ideological emancipation movement in the history of our country. It inspires people to pursue democracy and science, explores the truth of saving the country and the people, and creates conditions for the spread of Marxism in China. However, in the New Culture Movement, there was also a bias of absolute negation or absolute affirmation to the eastern and western cultures, which had an impact on later generations.
★ Lesson 10 The May 4th Patriotic Movement and the Establishment of China Producers' Party
1. May 4th Patriotic Movement: (1965438+May 4th 2009)
(1) Background: The failure of China's diplomacy at the Paris Peace Conference (also the trigger).
(2) Struggle centers: Beijing (prophase) and Shanghai (anaphase)
(3) Main force: student workers (early June)
(4) Leaders: Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao.
(5) slogan:? Fight for sovereignty abroad and repel traitors at home? Cancel? Article 21? Against Germany? Peace treaty? Sign it?
(6) Results: After the initial victory, the Beiyang warlord government was forced to release the arrested students, dismiss Cao Rulin and other traitors, and refused to sign a peace treaty.
(7) Nature: The May 4th Patriotic Movement was a thorough patriotic movement against imperialism and feudalism.
(8) Significance: The May 4th Patriotic Movement was a thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal patriotic movement. This is the beginning of China's new-democratic revolution. The working class took part in this struggle and played a great role. )
2.* * * A big meeting.
(1) Time: 192 1 July.
(2) Location: Shanghai
(3) Symbol: the birth of China * * * production party.
(4) Main content: The party's program has been adopted, and the party's goal is to overthrow the bourgeois regime, establish the dictatorship of the proletariat, and realize capitalism. The central task is to lead the workers' movement. Chen Duxiu was elected secretary of the C.O..
(5) Significance of the First Congress of * * * (the birth of * * *): The birth of * * * is an epoch-making event in the history of China. Since the birth of the * * * Production Party in China, the face of China's revolution has taken on a new look.
★ Lesson 11 Northern Expedition War
1. The establishment of Huangpu Military Academy;
Huangpu Military Academy, founded in 1924, has trained a large number of military and political talents and laid the foundation for the establishment of the National Revolutionary Army.
2. Victory in the Northern Expedition
(1) Time: 1926
(2) Purpose: To overthrow the rule of the Northern Warlords and unify the whole country.
(3) Object: Wu, Sun and Zhang.
(4) Main battlefields: Hunan and Hubei;
(5) Major battles: Tingsi Bridge, and the battles of Sheng Qiao and Wuchang;
(6) Victory March: The main force of Wu was wiped out in the battlefield between the two lakes; Sun's main force was wiped out in Jiangxi. In less than half a year, from the Pearl River basin to the Yangtze River basin, 1927, the National Government moved from Guangzhou to Wuhan.
(7) Reasons for the failure of the national revolution: Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Ching-wei and other Kuomintang Rightists defected to the revolution and massacred * * * producers and Kuomintang leftists. It marks the first breakdown of cooperation between countries.
3. Nanjing National Government was established.
1927 In April, Chiang Kai-shek was founded in Nanjing? The national government? . Representing the interests of the big landlords and the big bourgeoisie, taking refuge in imperialism abroad and suppressing the people's revolutionary movement at home.
Lesson 12 A single spark can start a prairie fire
1. Nanchang Uprising
(1) Time: 65438+August 1 0927
(2) Leaders: Zhou Enlai, He Long, Zhu De, etc.
(3) The first shot of armed resistance against the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang was the beginning of the establishment of the people's army (the origin of August 1st Army Day).
2. Autumn Harvest Uprising
(1) Time: 65438+September 0927
(2) Geographical location: Hunan-Jiangxi border.
(3) Person in charge: Mao Zedong
(4) the establishment of Jinggangshan revolutionary base area: after the failure of the autumn harvest uprising, Mao Zedong led the uprising team to the countryside where the enemy's strength was weak, and established the first rural revolutionary base area in China? Jinggangshan revolutionary base. (Found the revolutionary road of China, where the countryside surrounded the cities and seized power by armed forces)
3. Join forces in Jinggangshan:1In April, 928, the Nanchang Uprising led by Zhu De and Chen Yi and the peasant armed forces in southern Hunan arrived in Jinggangshan, joined forces with the revolutionary army of workers and peasants led by Mao Zedong, and established the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, with Zhu De as the commander and Mao Zedong as the party representative. This is the first strong team of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants.