Namely, the British bourgeois revolution, the French revolution, the American War of Independence and the Latin American independence movement.

1, which means

Refers to the 17 and 18 century bourgeois revolution in the workshop handicraft stage in some western European countries or regions.

2. reasons

Marxism holds that the fundamental driving force of social development is the basic contradictory movement of society, that is, the basic contradiction between productive forces and production relations, and the direct driving force is class struggle, that is, the revolutionary class and the oppressed class unite against the reactionary class. According to this theory, we can make the following analysis: the increasingly developed capitalist and feudal forces constitute a pair of basic social contradictions, and it is this basic contradiction that promotes social progress. The emergence of contradictions to sharp conflicts is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and there is an inevitable and accidental relationship between the outbreak of revolution and its fuse. The fundamental cause of bourgeois revolution in Britain, France, the United States and other countries is the inevitable result of the conflict between feudal autocratic rule or colonial rule and the capitalist economic development of their own countries, and the direct cause is the product of the intensification of the contradiction between bourgeoisie and feudal aristocracy or colonial rule, which is embodied in the fuse event. For example, the autocratic rule of Stuart dynasty caused political tension, which led to the Scottish people's uprising in 1638; Under the rule of Bourbon dynasty in France, social classes were severely opposed, and the contradiction was particularly acute. The convening of the third-level meeting became the fuse of the revolution. The British repression of the North American colonies made the contradiction between the two sides increasingly acute, and the "Boston Tea Party Incident" led to the outbreak of war.

3. Features (The early bourgeois revolution has the following remarkable features)

(1) They belong to a thorough anti-feudal revolution. Its historical mission is to overthrow the feudal system and open the way for the development of capitalism. After completing this mission, the goal of the early bourgeois revolution was achieved, which is the basic standard to measure the success of all early bourgeois revolutions.

(2) The leaders of the revolution are mostly the big bourgeoisie and bourgeois aristocrats, and the people are the revolutionary allies of the bourgeoisie. As the leading class of the revolution, the bourgeoisie firstly has the economic, political and ideological power to formulate an anti-feudal program and put forward a clear slogan of struggle, thus leading the revolution. In practice, it does play a leading role; Secondly, at that time, no class or stratum could compete with the bourgeoisie and had the leadership ability; Thirdly, the bourgeois anti-feudal struggle is not only for its own interests, but also reflects the demands of the lower class to some extent; Finally, the working people in urban and rural areas are the main force of the revolution and have played a great role. But they fought under the program and slogan put forward by the bourgeoisie. The leadership of the bourgeoisie is precisely reflected here. According to the historical conditions at that time, the working people rarely had a clear consciousness of opposing the bourgeoisie. The first thing they personally felt was feudal oppression. Along with the bourgeoisie, there are bourgeois aristocrats in the leading position. They are not attached to the bourgeoisie or follow the bourgeois revolution. Their revolution was entirely due to the contradiction between themselves and the feudal system. These people are actually part of the bourgeoisie. The general feature of class relations in the revolutionary period is that under the leadership of the bourgeoisie and bourgeois aristocrats, the anti-feudal classes formed an anti-aristocratic alliance. In this alliance, the number of peasants is the largest, followed by urban civilians, who are the main force of bourgeois revolution.

(3) The revolutionary process is tortuous and complicated. Naturally, it is impossible for the bourgeois revolution to overthrow the Millennium feudal kingdom overnight. For example, the British bourgeois revolution experienced half a century of restoration and repeated struggles of monarchs, and the French Revolution also experienced a long struggle between monarchs and * * *.

(4) Radical revolutionary measures were finally cancelled, the achievements and policies of the dictatorship of the big bourgeoisie were generally retained, and the revolution was stable on a truly mature social basis suitable for the development level of social productive forces at that time. Of course, the early bourgeoisie mainly occurred in a few countries where capitalism was fully developed. The victory of the revolution lies in overthrowing the old social system and establishing the development direction of capitalism, but the country has not completely become a capitalist society.