Over the past 20 years of reform and opening up, China's electoral system has undergone major reforms. Carrying out the basic national policy of reform and opening up, establishing the broad road of market economy, unswervingly implementing the basic strategy of governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law are the economic and political foundations and prerequisites for the continuous reform and improvement of China's electoral system.

The main direction of reform and improvement is to continuously expand socialist democracy. The achievements of the electoral system reform are mainly reflected in the revision of the national electoral law and the local organization law.

That is, the Election Law of the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses of the People's Republic of China and the Organization Law of Local People's Congresses and Local People's Governments (hereinafter referred to as the "two laws") adopted at the second session of the Fifth National People's Congress in July are 1953 and 1954 respectively.

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Election principle:

Modern countries usually implement election principles such as universality, equality, direct (or indirect) election and secret voting.

1, universal suffrage

All citizens who have reached the voting age generally enjoy the right to vote, except those who are deprived of political rights. Although the bourgeoisie first put forward the slogan of "universal suffrage", it was used to mobilize the people to participate in the struggle against feudal autocracy.

However, after they seized power, they strictly restricted the right to vote, and stipulated restrictions on residence, property qualifications, education level, gender, race and so on. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that universal suffrage became the electoral principle in some capitalist countries (see the right to vote and to be elected). According to the electoral system in People's Republic of China (PRC), every citizen who has reached the age of 18.

2. Equal elections

Voters participate in the election on the basis of equality. Each voter has only one vote in an election, and each vote is equally valid. Western countries have always implemented the principle of "one person, many votes". For example, in Britain, the plural voting system is implemented, that is, voters can vote in the constituency where they live, and if they have a certain amount of property or reach a certain level, they can vote again in the constituency where they work or university is located.

This unequal electoral qualification was not abolished until 1948. "One person, one vote, one price" has become a principle widely adopted by all countries. This principle has also been adopted in People's Republic of China (PRC)'s electoral system.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Election System