1943 in the second half of the year, Indian troops and expeditionary forces in China were understaffed. In order to make up for the shortage of soldiers and improve the quality of soldiers, the Executive Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee decided to launch a movement of educated youth to join the army and widely mobilize students to join the army.
On September 1944 and 16, Chiang Kai-shek delivered an impromptu speech at the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference meeting, saying that "at this critical juncture, the state should make educated youth serve the battlefield first, because educated youth have knowledge and the ability to judge automatically. If an educated youth is added to the team, there will be no fewer than ten ordinary soldiers. " He called on young intellectuals all over the country to actively join the army and put forward the slogan of "one inch of mountains and rivers and one inch of blood, 100 thousand young people and 100 thousand troops" Subsequently, the Kuomintang Central Committee decided to widely mobilize young intellectuals to join the army, recruit young intellectuals100000 people, and form an expeditionary force.
10 year10.21day, the Military Commission of the National Government promulgated the Measures for Young Intellectuals to Join the Army and other laws and regulations, stipulating that young intellectuals (men) who are over 18 years of age, over 35 years of age, have received secondary education or have a considerable level of knowledge and meet the physical standards are allowed to participate voluntarily; The amount is tentatively set at one hundred thousand; In addition to the treatment of the expeditionary force, increase the non-staple food expenses as appropriate; The term of service was set at two years, at which time he was discharged from the army. 13 days later, the Ministry of Education also promulgated the Measures for Academic Preferential Treatment for Students who Volunteer to Join the Army, which not only reserved the student status for all students who joined the army, but also made preferential measures for students who left the army to study without taking the exam, reduce the semester and give priority to admission.
In order to encourage students to join the army, some Kuomintang and government officials took the lead in sending their children to join the army. Chiang Kai-shek specially ordered Jiang Jingguo and Jiang Weiguo to join the expeditionary force. The governors of some provinces, cities and counties also sent their children to sign up. Young students joining the army became a major trend at that time. According to statistics, the enrollment of Central University and Chongqing University reached 0/3 of the 65438+ students. Local authorities have followed suit. From Chongqing to Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Hubei, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Gansu and other provinces and cities, there has been an unprecedented upsurge of young intellectuals signing up for the army in the history of China. The slogan "One inch of mountains and rivers and one inch of blood, 100,000 young people and 100,000 troops" resounded throughout the Kuomintang-controlled area.
Young students joining the army became a major trend at that time. According to statistics, the enrollment of Central University and Chongqing University reached 0/3 of the 65438+ students. Even the members of the China Deaf-mute Association asked to join the volunteers. Soon, the number of people recruited in various places exceeded the original100000.
65438+65438 0945+110 month,120,000 young expeditions enlisted in the army were formally trained at various bases, with a training period of 3 months. According to the announcement of the National Comprehensive Training Department for Educated Youth Volunteers, at the end of April, 1945, more than 85,000 people actually entered the camp. Later, some people supplemented the expeditionary force and went abroad for special training such as driving and skydiving. By the end of the Anti-Japanese War, there were 76,507 people in China.
The training time of the youth expeditionary force is 3 months, and the training subjects range from weapons to tactics, with equal emphasis on disciplines, skills and concepts.