1, the principle of western medicine in treating Parkinson's disease is caused by the decrease of substantia nigra cells in the brain. The substantia nigra cells can produce dopamine like a processing factory. If the factory is destroyed, the dopamine in the brain will decrease, and the globus pallidus, another part of the brain, will be extremely active, which will lead to the three major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Then if the patient is given dopamine drugs, the content of dopamine in the brain can be increased, thus reducing the excessive activity of globus pallidus and relieving the symptoms of the patient. At present, drugs such as madopa are substitutes for dopamine. When we can't produce dopamine ourselves, we can meet the normal needs of the body and maintain the normal function of the body through external compensation. Of course, there are other kinds of drugs, such as amantadine and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, which can relieve symptoms by indirectly promoting the production of dopamine or reducing the decomposition of dopamine, but there are many side effects in drug treatment and the shortcomings of drug efficacy attenuation after long-term application. Stereotactic surgery mainly aims at the abnormal activity of globus pallidus, and reduces the excitability of globus pallidus with abnormal activity through surgery to achieve the purpose of relieving symptoms. At present, deep electrode stimulation, also known as deep brain nucleus stimulation (DBS), can also be used, that is, using an electrode to stimulate the remaining nerve cells to accelerate the production of dopamine, which can also make up for its functional deficiency. Recently, another method, neural stem cell transplantation, has emerged and is still in the research stage. 2, specific treatment measures Parkinson's disease treatment methods mainly include drug treatment and surgical treatment, both of which can achieve the purpose of relieving symptoms. (1) drug therapy: in the early stage of the disease, drugs can improve the symptoms very well. The most commonly used and effective drug is levodopa preparation (trade name Madopar or Xi Ning), which has been used in clinical treatment since the 1960s and has been the core drug in clinic. This medicine must be taken for a long time, and once the treatment is stopped, the disease will recur. In the first few years, the effect of drug treatment is the best. Although most patients are still effective after long-term use, after long-term use, patients will feel that the effective time of the drug is shortened, and some patients will have fluctuations of "drug powder" and "intermittent". Drug therapy has certain limitations. Usually after 3-5 years of treatment, the disease will become uncontrollable, and the side effects of drugs will offset the advantages and disadvantages of its curative effect, so patients feel that their daily living ability is greatly limited. 2) Surgical treatment: There are two main methods: cell destruction surgery (cell knife) and electrical stimulation surgery, both of which are aimed at inhibiting abnormal activity of brain cells and improving symptoms. The former is to create a lesion with a diameter of about 3 mm on the extremely active nerve nucleus, and the latter is to implant a stimulator to achieve a similar lesion effect through high-frequency electrical stimulation. There is not much difference in surgical techniques between the two. Both electrodes are placed on specific targets in the brain nucleus, and then stimulated or destroyed. Because the root of brain lesions in Parkinson's patients is the decline of nerve cell function, theoretically speaking, the transplantation technology of neural stem cells (which can replace the declining brain cells of patients) has a good development prospect, but it is still in the experimental stage and needs more detailed research before clinical application. We expect that it will take more than ten years. The surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease should be timely. All patients with primary Parkinson's disease diagnosed clearly are suitable for surgical treatment, especially levodopa (Madopar or Xi Ning) is effective or effective in the past, but after long-term use, the curative effect decreases, and there are "on-off" fluctuations, dyskinesia and "drug powder" deterioration effects. However, other chronic brain diseases will also show symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, so early patients are not easy to be diagnosed. We should find an experienced neurologist for a period of clinical observation, combine the necessary examination means (such as magnetic resonance imaging) and drug treatment, make a clear diagnosis, rule out other diseases, and find out the main reasons of patients' dysfunction. Because Parkinson's disease usually progresses slowly and is not a fatal emergency, it is very important to observe the development of the disease and will not delay the treatment of patients. Only a clear preoperative diagnosis can ensure the effect of the operation. Because of the slow progress of Parkinson's disease, there is no absolute time limit for surgery. When to have surgery depends largely on the patient's own requirements for quality of life.