Lead: In the life cycle of an engineering project, each stage has certain laws. I will introduce you to the pmc process article of the project management company, and you are welcome to read it for reference!
Pmc Process of Project Management Company With China's entry into WTO, advanced foreign project management mode, namely PMC mode, has been gradually introduced into China's construction field, and gradually popularized in the petrochemical field. It means that the construction unit hires a unit (usually an engineering company or consulting company with considerable strength) to manage the whole project construction process on its behalf. This unit is called "Project Management Contractor (PMC)" in the project construction. In the implementation of this project management mode, the construction unit only needs a small amount of management power to make decisions on some key issues, and most of the project management work is undertaken by PMC. Project manager alliance
I. PMC mode
According to international practice, PMC mode is generally divided into three categories: the first category is to manage the project on behalf of the construction unit, and also undertake the design/procurement/construction of some projects (EPC mode). This model is risky for PMC, but the corresponding profits and returns are also high; The second category is to manage EPC contractors without undertaking any EPC work as an extension of the management power of the construction unit, which is a common mode in the field of engineering construction in China at present and is also the key part of this paper. The risk and reward corresponding to this PMC model are lower than the previous one; The third category is as a consultant of the construction unit, supervising and inspecting the project, and reporting the unfinished work to the construction unit in time. This PMC model has the lowest risk, but the return is also low.
According to the internationally accepted project phase division method, the project can be divided into prophase (that is, the definition phase refers to the phase before the detailed design begins) and implementation phase (also known as EPC phase, that is, the design/procurement/construction phase).
The early stage includes all engineering activities before the detailed design begins. Although the workload of this stage only accounts for 20% ~ 25% of the total engineering design workload, the impact of this stage on the investment of the whole project is as high as 70% ~ 90%, so this stage is of great significance to the whole project. In the early stage of the project, PMC is mainly responsible for the following work: (1) optimizing the case selection of the project construction unit; Optimize project risk management to disperse or reduce project risks; Review the process documents provided by the patentee, put forward the standards and specifications that the project should follow, and be responsible for organizing or completing the basic design, preliminary design and overall design; Put forward the project implementation plan and complete the project investment estimation; Prepare EPC bidding documents, prequalify EPC bidders, and complete bidding, bid evaluation and other related work.
In the project implementation stage, the winning general contractor is responsible for design, procurement and construction. At this stage, PMC is responsible for the management, coordination and supervision of the project on behalf of the construction unit until the project is completed. Mainly responsible for the following work: design management, procurement management, construction management, investment management, contract management, organizing project acceptance, and handing over all engineering data to the owner.
Second, the advantages of PMC management
Through the optimization of project design, the life cycle cost of the project can be minimized. PMC will make a comprehensive technical and economic analysis and comparison of the whole project according to the actual situation of the project location and make use of its own technical advantages, and optimize the whole design with the goal of perfect function, advanced technology and reasonable economy.
After the foundation design is completed, choose the appropriate contracting method for bidding. First of all, the project is divided into several modules according to the needs, and the following principles should be followed when subcontracting modules: division by region (closely arranged equipment is placed in one module); Reduce and simplify interfaces; Each module limits a certain amount of investment to mitigate or reduce the risks brought by EPC. The main contract forms are EP C, E PC and EPC. PMC will comprehensively consider which contract form to adopt according to the design depth, technical complexity, construction period and engineering quantity of different modules, so as to save investment for the construction unit as a whole. PMC Project Department of Shanshan Lanzhou Crude Oil Commercial Reserve is responsible for five large-scale projects, namely five EPCs. From project bidding to project handover and acceptance, many factors such as region and investment are comprehensively considered, which greatly saves investment for the owners.
Reduce investment through PMC's multi-project procurement agreement and unified project procurement strategy. Multi-project purchase agreement is a supply agreement signed between the construction unit and the manufacturer for a commodity. The manufacturer who signed an agreement with the construction unit is the only supplier of this commodity in this project. Through this agreement, the construction unit gets preferential treatment in terms of price and after-sales service. Each EPC contractor shall purchase corresponding equipment according to the agreement provided by the owner. Multi-project procurement agreement is an important part of PMC project procurement strategy. In the project, the selection of goods categories should not be too much, so as not to restrict EPC contractors too much and affect their enthusiasm. PMC should also coordinate the cooperation between contractors to achieve the goal of reducing the total investment of the project by the construction unit. In the process of PMC management of Shanshan Lanzhou crude oil commercial storage, the bulk purchase agreement of five projects not only facilitates the management, but also ensures the purchase quality, and finally achieves the purpose of saving the total investment.
Project management optimization of PMC. PMC can optimize the construction of the whole project through its rich project management experience and combined with the actual situation of the project. On the premise of ensuring safety, PMC Project Department of Shanshan Orchard Protection Area gives full play to the advantages of project management general contracting and puts forward its own goals in construction quality, progress and materials. If EPC cannot be realized on schedule, the project payment will be delayed or even deducted. This move gives full play to the management advantages of PMC and fully proves the extension of "owner".
Compared with the traditional construction management mode in China, PMC has the following advantages: First, it helps to improve the management level of the whole project during construction and ensure the one-time success of the project. Most of the companies that the construction unit chooses to undertake PMC are well-known engineering companies at home and abroad. They have rich experience in project management and many years of PMC background. Because they are specialized in engineering construction management, their technical strength and management level are unmatched by general engineering companies. Second, it is conducive to the construction unit to save project investment. Most of the contracts signed between the construction unit and PMC stipulate that the investment should be rewarded in proportion. On the premise of ensuring the safety, quality and construction period of the project, PMC can control the investment from the beginning of the basic design in line with the principle of economy, thus reducing the procurement and construction costs of the project and achieving the purpose of saving the total investment. Third, it is conducive to streamlining the management organization of the construction unit during the construction period. Traditional large-scale projects are managed by the construction headquarters, which is large in number and complicated in organization. Moreover, how to resettle these people after the completion of the project is also a long-term unsolved problem. However, there is a contractual relationship between PMC and the construction unit. During the construction period, PMC will increase or decrease personnel according to the characteristics of the project, while the construction unit only needs to keep fewer personnel to manage the project, thus streamlining the project management organization of the construction unit. Project management training
Third, the shortcomings and suggestions
First, PMC lacks management experience, and it is difficult for individuals to adapt to this new change by sticking to traditional working methods, and the project implementation lacks advance and initiative. The customers served by PMC have different cultural levels and personal qualities. When carrying out the intention of the construction unit and meeting the requirements of the contract, the construction unit sometimes fails to understand and recognize it because of poor working methods and communication. At this point, PMC personnel may take evasive and controversial ways to solve the problem, making it difficult to carry out the follow-up work. When this happens, we should calm down and find out the root of the problem, so that things can be solved satisfactorily.
Secondly, there is a lack of unified procedures, unified methods, unified regulations and standards within PMC project department. Due to relatively few domestic PMC management practices and lack of experience in all aspects, there have been phenomena such as "one person in charge", "changeable policies" and "orders can't be made". In order to solve the above problems, we should conduct more theoretical training, quote more advanced foreign project management experience, conduct more exchanges between projects, and train a group of technical and management experts who can carry out international projects purposefully and planned, so as to promote the improvement of the whole management level and truly unify the procedures, methods and regulations.
Third, there are many departments, and the division of responsibilities among personnel is unclear. Because PMC management involves procurement, design, construction and other related work, various departments also produce accordingly. In the process of project construction, due to work needs, various departments and related personnel may need to cooperate, and at this time there are problems such as mutual shirking and non-communication. PMC is a project organization, and each member is a part of the organization. In accordance with the requirements of PMC Management Manual and related documents, we should conscientiously perform our duties and cooperate with each other from the overall situation. bbs.mypm.net
Fourthly, there is a big gap between the working methods and depth of HSE (Health, Safety and Environmental Protection) and foreign engineering companies, and there is a lack of quantitative analysis means. The promotion of HSE can be said to be a great progress in "humanized management", but the HSE policy of "people-oriented, safety first" is greatly discounted in engineering projects. In order to catch up with the progress, the staff had to work overtime, endure the cold and heat, and pollute the environment. Therefore, the slogan should not only be shouted, but also be put in place. They should be checked regularly and the strength of implementation should be analyzed regularly.
Fifth, there is a lack of professionals in law and insurance. Because the PMC model has just started in domestic projects, there are almost no legal and insurance talents in engineering projects under the influence of economic interests and social factors. In order to develop PMC mode in China and go international, we must strengthen talents in this field. Project management training
Fourthly, the application of PMC management mode in domestic projects.
PMC mode is applied to the engineering management of capital construction projects, and its scope of application is applicable to the whole process of engineering construction, that is, the whole process from project establishment to project completion acceptance. Project manager blog
In the petrochemical industry, China Petroleum Group Engineering Design Co., Ltd. took the lead in adopting PMC mode to carry out long-distance pipeline project management. Compared with international projects, the Lanzhou-Yinchuan long-distance transmission project started in 2006 may be a small project, but it successfully embodies the basic theory, methods, steps and means of PMC management, and summarizes a set of project management mode suitable for China's national conditions and enterprise characteristics. This achievement is operable, and it was popularized and applied in the construction project management of Shanshan Lanzhou crude oil commercial storage project in 2008. Project manager blog
According to the characteristics of PMC project management mode, CPE Beijing Xingyou Supervision Company established PMC project organization: assigned a project manager to be fully responsible for project construction management, and assigned a group of professional and experienced managers to cooperate with the project manager. At the same time, PMC project management manual is formulated, and the overall goal is decomposed into goal decomposition system: quality goal is decomposed into subprojects, schedule goal is decomposed into weekly plan, and investment goal is decomposed into monthly investment. Quality control is mainly process control, schedule control is mainly daily schedule, and investment control is mainly weekly investment. In order to ensure the smooth realization of the goal, a series of systems and measures have been formulated, and pre-control and feedback control are emphasized in the control. According to the planned tracking feedback control program, the deviation is found in time, and the plan is constantly adjusted to ensure the realization of the goal.
PMC project management integrates the requirements of ISO9002 standard. Project management is planned, organized, implemented, checked, fed back, corrected and verified according to the project construction management procedure, and the control process forms a closed loop to realize PDCA cycle.
PMC project management includes HSE management system, emphasizing the concept of "people-oriented, health first and safety first", and ensuring the realization of HSE objectives by formulating a series of systems and measures.
The information platform system for information management of PMC project, a large number of data and correspondence documents in the process of engineering construction are processed in time through the information platform, which not only saves materials, but also greatly improves work efficiency and injects new impetus into the application of PMC management.
The application process of PMC project management in Shanshan Lanzhou crude oil commercial storage project is as follows:
First, set the PMC control target. PMC project management mode implements target management, and makes clear control objectives according to the specific requirements of the construction unit for the construction project. PMC control objectives include: quality control objectives, schedule control objectives, investment control objectives and safety control objectives. Under the requirements of specific objectives, PMC management mode ensures the full realization of PMC control objectives with its unique organization, operation mode, management procedures and implementation measures.
Second, establish PMC project management organization and job responsibilities. (1) Project manager: fully responsible for planning the project management objectives, exercising and undertaking the rights and obligations stipulated in the PMC contract. Instructions, decisions, coordination, rewards and punishments. (2) Deputy project manager: under the unified leadership of the project manager and according to the authorization of the project manager, he is responsible for the technology, quality, procurement, progress, cost control and document management of the project. (3) Design Department: responsible for reviewing preliminary design and implementation, supervising design implementation, reviewing design changes, and organizing design technical exchanges. (4)QHSE Department: HSE management and inspection; Formulate and implement quality objectives, and conduct quality management, inspection and supervision; Organization and training of debugging; Accident investigation and handling, etc. (5) Coordination Department: responsible for the management and coordination of project commencement, the handling of land acquisition agreement, the organization of large-scale meetings, external liaison and vehicle dispatching. (6) Purchasing Department: responsible for the supervision of EPC procurement plan, factory supervision, participation in the acceptance of key materials and equipment, and supervision of EPC procurement bidding management. (7) Control Department: mainly responsible for project schedule control, investment control, contract management and project fund allocation management. (8) Document Control Department: responsible for the collection, release, distribution and filing management of engineering information, and organizing and coordinating the filing management of completion data of various departments.
The successful commissioning and normal operation of Lanyin gas transmission pipeline project Lanzhou crude oil commercial storage project and Shanshan crude oil commercial storage project fully affirmed the PMC management mode, won favorable comments from construction units and industries, and laid a foundation for the promotion of PMC management in petrochemical industry.
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