It is really rare for an aircraft designer to develop so many different types of aircraft in his life, and his life experience is extraordinary. From middle school students to glider designers, from mechanics to aircraft designers; From a college student to the chief designer, deputy minister and chief aircraft designer of the Soviet Ministry of Aviation Industry. He persevered and pursued, and eventually became a world-famous aircraft designer. He is the author of 50 Years of Soviet Aircraft Manufacturing, an aircraft designer and the story of Soviet aircraft.

Yashe Jakovleff 1906 was born in March. After graduating from Moscow Business School, my father worked in Nobel Brothers Oil Company. Mother saw that Jakovleff loved to ponder the structure of toys (scooters, trams and cars) and the principle why they ran, so she was very concerned about his growth. People often encourage him to become an engineer when he grows up.

Jakovleff was admitted to a preparatory class in a middle school at the age of nine. At that time, the school conditions were poor and extracurricular activities were extremely monotonous. After the establishment of the Soviet regime. The school has also embarked on a new track. Teaching equipment has been increased and various extracurricular study groups have been set up. This is very attractive for Jakovleff as a teenager. In addition to learning all subjects well, he liked painting at first, then participated in the activities of the radio technology group, and later fell in love with aviation models.

At that time, in order to develop the aviation industry, the Soviet Union once proposed that "working people should participate in the construction of the air force!" "Proletarians make planes!" "From model airplane to glider, from glider to airplane!" And set up the Friends of Aviation Volunteers Association to popularize aviation knowledge and help organize mass aviation sports activities such as aviation model and gliding. Jakovleff and his classmates immediately joined the Friends of Aviation Volunteers Association, organized the Friends of Aviation Branch, and set up an aviation model manufacturing team. On one occasion, Jakovleff got a book about the history of aviation development from nowhere, which contained descriptions and structural drawings of aviation models, so he made a model plane with a wingspan of two meters with some fine pine strips and other materials. The experiment began in the school auditorium, and many students came to watch it. The first model plane made in Jakovleff was successfully tested, flying15m, and everyone was extremely happy. Later, I applied to the Friends of Aviation Association for a scrapped plane, which was disassembled and reassembled by them. This disassembly and assembly made them learn a lot, and made them fall in love with aviation even more, and even became aviation fans.

109, Jakovleff was called into the Kremlin. Stalin announced to everyone that the Central Committee had decided to dismiss Mimo Ka Ganovic. Shakhlin was appointed as a member of the People's Committee of the Ministry of Aviation Industry (later renamed the Ministry of Aviation Industry), and he was appointed as a deputy member of the People's Committee (namely, deputy minister), in charge of aviation scientific research and trial production.

Jakovleff became the deputy minister and concurrently served as the director of the General Administration of Aircraft Trial Production. Leading design bureaus and research institutes. The main task is to equip the Soviet Air Force with the latest aircraft. He invited famous scientists and designers to discuss the urgent problems to be solved. The director of the General Administration is a famous technical expert and engineer, and the directors of various research institutes concurrently serve as directors of related disciplines. The general administration has gradually realized expert leadership. At that time, the situation of the Central Institute of Fluid Mechanics was very bad, and it was not the scientific research leaders who made the decision. But some managers with shallow knowledge. Some of the systems they ordered were absurd. For example, researchers are not allowed to enter and leave the laboratory freely, and the chief designer of the design bureau must apply for a pass on the first day of going to this institute, and the dean must approve it; Scientific and technical personnel don't understand the reality, some have never even seen a plane, and some written papers have no practical value. To change the face of the institute, we must first have a strong man who understands science as the leader. Therefore, General Iddo Petrov was appointed as the dean (he was a test pilot, graduated from the Air Force Academy and served as the vice president of the Air Force Science Research Institute). Thus quickly reversed the situation of the Central Institute of Fluid Mechanics.

1940 June 12, after discussing some aviation-related issues with Stalin, Jakovleff put forward a proposal to rectify the flight test of new aircraft, expounded the existing problems in this regard, and demanded the establishment of a flight test research institute within the aviation industry system. He was afraid that the reason was unclear. When he wanted to explain it further, Stalin smiled and said, "Why waste so much breath? The problem is obvious. Write a draft resolution! " This matter was settled in this way. The next day, the decision of the People's Committee of the Soviet Union and the Central Committee of the United * * * (Bolshevik) on establishing the Flight Research Institute of the People's Committee of the Aviation Industry announced that the famous test pilot Mikail Mikhaylovich Gromov was appointed as the dean. This measure soon received results.

During his tenure as Deputy Minister, Jakovleff also paid attention to the formulation of the designer's manual. Thus, the design, manufacture and test methods of modern aircraft are unified, and new scientific and technological achievements are quickly applied to aircraft design. At that time, some new design bureaus were established, with no rules to follow, and they acted independently. Coupled with poor work organization and backward methods, some new aircraft were destroyed in the test flight, resulting in huge losses of manpower, material resources and time. The relevant chapters of the manual are written by the most outstanding scientists, designers and test pilots. The first edition was prepared at 1940 and published at 194 1. The second edition was considerably revised and supplemented, but it was not published until after the war.

During World War II, Jakovleff was responsible for organizing designers and scientists to relocate, rebuild and build aviation factories. He is often called to the Kremlin to attend relevant meetings of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the People's Committee, the National Defense Commission and the High Command. Because of his fruitful work, he was highly valued by Stalin.

After World War II, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Soviet Union discussed the development prospect of aviation industry and how to enter the jet age. On one occasion, Shakhlin proposed to copy German me-262. Stalin asked Jakovleff for advice, but he objected. The reason is that this kind of aircraft has poor stability and complicated control, and Germany has fallen a lot; In addition, imitation will inevitably affect the development of Soviet jets. Finally, the government adopted his suggestion and asked to develop its own jet plane as soon as possible. Soon, Jakovleff led the aviation technical equipment trophy research committee to visit the German Soviet-occupied area. After he came back, when reporting the investigation results to Stalin, he suggested that the first generation jet aircraft developed by the Soviet Union use the jet engines of Yumo and Bavaria. Buy British "derwent" and "Nien" jet engines and install them on the second generation jet of the Soviet Union; After the domestic jet engine is developed, it will be installed on the third generation aircraft. His suggestion was basically adopted.