High school is nothing more than scientific papers and social surveys. Scientific papers are easier to write. The general format of social survey report is introduced below.

I. Concept and characteristics of investigation report An investigation report is a document that systematically sorts out, analyzes and studies the materials collected in the investigation after an in-depth and meticulous investigation of a work, an event and a problem, and reports the investigation to the organization and leaders in writing. The survey report has the following characteristics: (1) Realism. The investigation report is based on a large number of realistic and historical materials, and truly reflects an objective thing with narrative language. Fully understanding the facts and mastering authentic and reliable materials is the basis for writing a good investigation report. (2) pertinence. The investigation report generally has a clear intention, and the relevant investigation and evidence collection are all aimed at and around a comprehensive or thematic issue. Therefore, the problems reflected in the investigation report are concentrated and profound. (3) logic. The investigation report cannot be separated from conclusive facts, but it is not a mechanically piled material. Instead, it conducts rigorous logical argumentation on the verified data and facts, finds out the reasons for the development and change of things, predicts the development and change trend of things, prompts essential and regular things, and draws scientific conclusions. 2. The classified investigation reports mainly include the following categories: (1) situation investigation reports. It is a survey report that systematically reflects the basic situation of the region and the unit. The square root of this survey report is to clarify the situation and use it for decision makers. (two) the typical experience survey report. It is an investigation report that guides and promotes some work by analyzing typical cases and summing up new experience in work. (3) Problem investigation report. It is an investigation report that aims at a certain problem, clarifies the truth, finds out the cause and nature of the problem, determines the harm caused, and puts forward the ways and suggestions to solve the problem, which provides a basis for the final treatment of the problem and also provides reference for other relevant parties. Three, writing an investigation report generally consists of two parts: the title and the text. (1) title. There are two ways to write a title. One is the standard title format, that is, "post theme" plus "genre", and the basic formats are "investigation report on ××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× The other is freestyle title, which includes the combination of declarative sentences, interrogative sentences and positive and negative questions. For example, a statement like "Investigation on the Employment of Master Graduates from Northeast Normal University" and a question like "Why do college graduates choose to work in coastal areas and Beijing-Tianjin areas", combined with positive and negative titles, state the main conclusions of the investigation report or put forward central questions. The negative title indicates the object, scope and problems of the investigation, which is actually similar to the standard format of "publishing topics" plus "languages", such as "The development of colleges and universities focuses on discipline construction-×××××". (2) the text. The text is generally divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion. 1. Introduction. There are several ways to write it: the first way is to state the reason or purpose, time and place, object or scope, process and method, and personnel composition of the investigation itself, and draw the central question or basic conclusion from it; The second is to state the historical background, development survey, actual situation, main achievements, outstanding problems and other basic situations of the respondents, and then put forward the central issues or main viewpoints; The third is to come straight to the point and directly summarize the survey results, such as affirming the practice, pointing out the problems, prompting the impact, and explaining the central content. The preface plays the role of making the finishing point, and it should be concise and to the point. 2. theme. This is the most important part of the investigation report. Read the intellectual property essay. This part introduces in detail the basic situation, practice and experience of the investigation and study, as well as various specific understandings, viewpoints and basic conclusions obtained through the analysis of the materials obtained from the investigation and study. 3. It's over. There are also many ways to write the ending, which can put forward methods and countermeasures to solve the problem or suggestions for improving the work in the next step; Or summarize the main points of the full text and further deepen the theme; Or ask questions to arouse people's further thinking; Or look to the future and send out encouragement and call.

Follow-up: This is a scientific paper about future energy, or a scientific paper.

Supplement: writing skills and format of scientific papers

1, title

When selecting and determining the titles of scientific papers, we should not only follow the above methods, but also use as few subtitles as possible. At the same time, this title can't be used in literary language after artistic processing, let alone in slogan titles. Its basic requirement is to be eye-catching and clearly summarize the central theme of the article in order to attract readers' attention. The titles of scientific papers should avoid using symbols and special terms, and should use commonly used popular words, so that experts or peers in this discipline can see at a glance, and people in other disciplines and people with a certain level of education can understand them, which is conducive to communication and dissemination.

2, the author and his work unit

This project mainly embodies the author's literary spirit and records the author's hard work and dedication to the cause of human science and technology. Therefore, if you publish a paper, you must sign the author. When signing, you can use the collective name or the individual name. Personal signature only uses real name, pen name and pseudonym are not allowed. And indicate the work unit and address. For contact.

As the research work of modern science and technology tends to be comprehensive and socialized, more people need to participate in the research. When signing, signatures can be sorted by contribution. Those who only participate in a certain part or experiment and give support to the research work are no longer signed, and can be stated in the thank you.

3. Summary

Also known as abstract, there are abstracts in front of general papers. The purpose of setting this item is to facilitate readers to have a general understanding of the content of the paper, so as to determine whether to read the full text or part of the content, and also to facilitate scientific and technological information personnel to write abstracts and index retrieval tools. This is the epitome of the basic idea of the paper. Although it was put in the front, it was written after the full text was written. Sometimes, for international academic exchanges, Chinese abstracts must be translated into English or other languages. The summary is as follows:

(1) The research scope, purpose and position of this discipline.

(2) Main contents and research methods.

(3) Main achievements and their practical value.

(4) Main conclusions

The requirement of writing is to accurately and highly summarize the main contents of the paper, and generally do not comment. The text needs to be refined and understood. In fact, it is a paper on intellectual property law. Carefully scrutinize the text. Generally, there are no examples, no techniques, no comparison of works, no drawings, charts, brief tables, chemical structures, etc. , but only limited to standard scientific terms, terms, abbreviations and symbols. In recent years, in order to facilitate indexing and computer retrieval, it is required to put forward the keywords (or subject words) of this paper after the abstract for retrieval.

Step 4 introduce

Introduction is the preface of a scientific paper, which is written before the text. The introduction of each paper is mainly used to explain the theme and outline of the paper. Common references include the following:

(1) background, scope, research purpose and importance of the project.

(2) Previous research process, achievements, problems and their evaluation.

(3) Summarize the method to get the ideal answer.

The introduction is generally divided into three paragraphs. If the paper is long and covers a wide range, it can be divided into three paragraphs according to the above three contents. In the introduction, the author should not show modesty, nor should he elevate himself or belittle others. The evaluation of papers should be left to readers.

5. Text

The text is the main body of the paper, accounting for the vast majority of the whole length. The creativity of the paper is mainly manifested through this part, and it also reflects the academic level of the paper. To write a good text, you must have materials and content, then you must have concepts, judgments, inferences, and finally form an opinion. In other words, the organizational structure should be arranged according to the laws of logical thinking. That makes sense. The text generally consists of the following parts:

(1) research or experimental purposes

The purpose of research (or experiment) is the opening of the text. This part should be concise and focused. In an experimental paper, first write why this experiment should be carried out and what purpose should be achieved through the experiment. If the topic involves a wide range and the paper only writes one aspect, it is necessary to write clearly in the text which aspect the paper focuses on. And explain the reasons, effects or methods of exploration. Some papers incorporate this part into the introduction, and the body part is not repeated.

(2) experimental materials (equipment) and methods

Experimental materials, equipment and observation methods should run through the whole process of scientific research from the beginning to the achievement. Therefore, the selected materials (including raw materials, materials, samples, additives and reagents, etc.). ), equipment and experimental (observation) methods should be explained so that others can verify them repeatedly. When explaining, if you use common materials, equipment and methods, simply mention them. If special materials and experimental methods are used and improved, they should be explained in detail. If the article is published in a foreign journal to facilitate foreign exchange, it is necessary to indicate the composition of the material and make corresponding explanations against external labels.

Supplement:

1. Opening Report: Students report the significance and main contents of the thesis, guide teachers to put forward suggestions for revision, and determine whether students can enter the thesis writing stage. (Opening report filled out in a unified format)

2. Title of the paper: it should be concise and standardized, and a subtitle can be added if necessary.

3. Summary: It is required to briefly explain the basic content of the paper in about 300 words.

4. Keywords: 3-5, Chinese and English respectively.

5. Table of Contents: The titles in the table of contents should be consistent with the titles in the text, and marked with page numbers.

6. Text:

The preface of (1) should briefly introduce the background, purpose and significance of this topic, the general situation of this topic at home and abroad, the main problems and the guiding ideology of this paper.

(2) The paper should be clear and innovative; The argument is sufficient and reliable; This argument is reasonable and logical. Title of intellectual property paper.

(3) The paper should be structured and clear, and the title level should be unified as follows:

One, thirty

( 1) ××××

1.×××

( 1)×××

……

(4) Text requirements: the text is fluent, the language is fluent, and there are no typos; The number of words in the paper is generally not less than 5000 words; Papers are generally printed by computer (uniformly printed on 16K paper), and written neatly if handwritten (copied with evenly distributed square manuscript paper).

(five) the charts in the text should be numbered separately.

Example: table 1, table 2 ...; Figure 1, Figure 2.

7. Acknowledgement: Briefly describe my experience in writing this paper, and express my gratitude to the instructor and relevant personnel who assisted in completing the paper.

8. Appendix: Including charts, computer programs, operation results, performance indicators and the accuracy of related equipment related to the paper that did not appear in Chinese. If it is not necessary, there is no need for an appendix.

9. Notes and references:

▲ Pay attention to the protection of intellectual property rights. Whenever you quote or refer to other people's research results, you must indicate the source.

▲ Notes must be consistent with the viewpoints mentioned in the article and the cited materials, and the serial numbers should be unified.

▲ Citation notes include footnotes, endnotes and text notes.