Container (container)
According to the types of goods, there are grocery containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, refrigerated containers and so on. According to the manufacturing materials, there are wooden containers, steel containers, aluminum alloy containers, glass fiber reinforced plastic containers, stainless steel containers and so on. According to the structure, there are folding containers and fixed containers. And fixed containers can be divided into closed containers, open-top containers and shelf containers. According to the total weight, there are 30 tons of containers, 20 tons of containers, 10 tons of containers, 5 tons of containers and 2.5 tons of containers. Twenty foot equivalent tons
Container leasing
The business in which the owner rents out empty containers to users. The owner of the container is the leased container, and the user is usually the shipping company or the owner of the container, and the two parties sign a lease contract. Qualified containers provided by the lessor shall be used by the lessee within the agreed scope. There are various ways of container leasing in the world, which can be summarized as voyage leasing, time leasing, current leasing and internal leasing in navigation areas.
Container terminal
In container transportation, the specific handling department responsible for exchanging and keeping containers or goods. Entrusted by the carrier or its agent, the following businesses are carried out: (1) replacement and storage of FCL freight. (2) If there is container freight station, handle the delivery of LCL goods. (3) Arrange container ships to berth, load and unload containers, and prepare stowage plans for each voyage. (4) Prepare and sign the relevant shipping documents. (5) Prepare and sign relevant documents on the entry, exit and circulation of containers using vehicles. (6) Inspection and maintenance of loading and unloading of containers, vehicles and handling tools, as well as cleaning and fumigation of empty containers. (7) Receiving, sending, storing and keeping empty containers. (8) Arrange the stacking of empty boxes and heavy boxes in the yard, and prepare the site configuration plan. (9) Other related business work. The container loading and unloading area is generally composed of special wharf, frontier, storage yard, freight station, control tower, repair department, gate and office. Sometimes the freight yard or freight station can extend to the transfer station of 5~ 15 km in the city.
Marshalling yard in front of container
In front of the container terminal, in order to speed up the loading and unloading operation of ships, the site where containers are temporarily stacked. Its function is: before the container ship arrives in Hong Kong, the export containers will be piled up in a planned and orderly manner according to the stowage requirements, and the imported containers will be temporarily stacked in front of the dock when unloading the ship, so as to speed up the loading and unloading operation of the ship.
The container is behind the container.
A place where heavy or empty containers are handed over, kept and stacked. In some countries, container yards are collectively referred to as yards, regardless of frontcourt and backcourt. The yard behind the container is an integral part of the container loading and unloading area. It is a place where the whole container of goods is handed over in the way of "on-site" handover of container transportation (actually at the "door" of container unloading area).
Empty container yard
A place dedicated to collecting, storing, stacking or handing over empty containers. It is specially designed for container loading and unloading areas or transfer stations when the storage yard is insufficient. This kind of freight yard does not handle the handover of heavy containers or goods. It can operate independently or be set outside the container loading and unloading area. In some capitalist countries, the operation of such empty container yards needs to be declared to shipping associations.
container freight station:cfs
The place where ships and goods are handed over to LCL for packaging and unpacking. The carrier can only entrust a container freight station operator in a port or inland city. It handles the following main businesses on behalf of the carrier: (1) tally and handover of LCL. (2) If there is any abnormality in the commodity appearance inspection, it shall be indicated. (3) LCL loading and packaging. (4) Unpacking and storage of imported unpackaged goods. (5) Seal up the carrier and issue a station receipt. (6) Handling all kinds of documents and preparations, etc.
Shipper's liability
Shipper's responsibility in container transportation. This responsibility is different from traditional shipping. The responsibility of LCL shipper is the same as that of traditional shipping. The responsibility of FCL shippers goes beyond the scope of traditional transportation:
(1) Ensure that the reported freight information is correct and complete.
(2) The carrier has the right to inspect the goods contained in the box, and the expenses arising from the inspection shall be borne by the shipper.
(3) If the customs or other authorities open the box for inspection, the shipper shall bear the expenses and the resulting damage and discrepancy.
(4) If the container goods do not meet the requirements, or the dunnage is poor, the stowage is improper, or the goods unsuitable for container transportation are loaded, resulting in damage or defective goods, the shipper shall be responsible.
(5) If the shipper's own unseaworthy container is used, the shipper shall be responsible for the cargo damage accident caused.
(6) The shipper shall be liable for the loss of property or life to a third party caused by the use of the carrier's containers and equipment.
Limitation of liability (limitation of liability)
The maximum amount of compensation that the carrier should bear in case of cargo damage and cargo difference in container transportation. The liability limitation of LCL goods is the same as that of traditional transportation. According to some international precedents, if the bill of lading does not indicate the quantity of goods contained in the box, each box will be regarded as a claim calculation unit. If the bill of lading lists the number of pieces in the container, it shall still be calculated according to the number of pieces. If the damage and loss of the goods occur in inland transportation instead of maritime transportation, it shall be handled according to the maximum compensation for land transportation. If the container is owned or provided by the shipper and is lost or damaged, the responsibility shall be borne by the carrier and shall also be regarded as a claim calculation unit.