The background of Tashan blocking war
1On September 2nd, 945, Japan signed the surrender document, thus ending War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression for eight years. 1June, 946, there were no foreign enemies at home, and the two parties officially broke up and began a political battle.
The background of Tashan blocking war is the Jinzhou campaign of Liaoning and Shenyang parties. 1in the middle of 948, due to the bitter struggle of the Northeast People's Liberation Army, most of the population and land area in Northeast China have been liberated, and the situation in Northeast China has fundamentally changed into an advantage. Therefore, the rapid development of agriculture in Northeast China has made the PLA well-equipped and high in morale, surpassing the Kuomintang troops in Northeast China in both quality and quantity. Moreover, the Kuomintang in Northeast China was losing ground in previous battles, and its morale was low. Even the remaining troops were forced to disperse in Changchun, Shenyang and Jinzhou, which are far apart.
The urgent situation made Chiang Kai-shek anxious to consider countermeasures. He plans to transfer all the troops from Changchun and Shenyang to Jinzhou to cope with the battlefields in North China and East China. But giving up the Northeast in this way may have serious military and political consequences. When Chiang Kai-shek was indecisive, Mao Zedong thought that the time was ripe and decided to take Beining Road as the way forward, abandon Changchun and Shenyang, and form the main force of the Northeast Field Army. Concentrated on attacking Jinzhou, made a defense line in Tashan, and wiped out the Kuomintang army supported by Shenyang with mature military strength.
The background of Tashan blocking war is so severe. From 1948, 10, 10 to 10, 10 on October 5, China and the United States struggled for six days and nights. The strength of eight divisions of the Northeast Field Army is against the strength of eleven divisions of the Kuomintang. There were more than 10,000 casualties, and the situation was very tragic.
The reason of Tashan blocking war
There are many reasons for the victory of Tashan blocking war.
The first is the correct action deployment in four areas. Facts have proved that it is the combination of comprehensive defense and key defense and the rational deployment of the first and second lines that make our army invincible.
Secondly, our army's strong ideological and political work. The Party Committee of the Column mobilized at different levels, put forward slogans such as "defending the position", "surviving by the position" and "defending Jinzhou's victory", launched the "meritorious service movement", and called on party member * * * producers to take the lead in heroically killing the enemy. Party member accounted for 70% of the 160 people who were awarded by the general order of the 12 division after the war.
Again, it is the strong support of the broad masses of the people. The people on the battlefield actively and enthusiastically supported our army's operations, and a warm sight appeared in Tashan. It was with the support of the people that Tashan's blocking war won.
The blocking war in Tashan lasted for 6 days and 6 nights. Although the Kuomintang army was superior in number, the three armed forces failed to cooperate effectively and finally failed to capture Tashan. In the battle, the People's Liberation Army suffered 3,774 casualties and wiped out 6,549 Kuomintang troops. The victory of Tashan blocking war won valuable time for the main force of Northeast Field Army to conquer Jinzhou. Stick to the 4th Column of Tashanbao/34th Regiment of Kloc-0/2 Division, and be awarded the title of "Tashan Hero" after the war; 12 Division 35th Regiment was awarded the title of "Baitaishan Heroes Regiment"; 10 Division 28th Regiment was awarded the title of "Tashan Heroes Garrison"; The artillery regiment was awarded the title of "Bold Artillery Regiment of Megatron Natural Enemies".
Reasons for the failure of Tashan blocking war
In principle, the Kuomintang army gathered many senior commanders in Huludao and dispatched elite troops from the navy, army and air force to attack Tashan, so it is theoretically possible to conquer Tashan. However, reality is always more complicated and changeable than book theory. Chiang Kai-shek ignored others, and was sent by Wei to the commander of the Northeast "suppression general" in Huludao, and arranged for Kan Hanqian to take command. On the one hand, it disrupted Wei's command and deployment, on the other hand, it made Kan Hanqian unable to command in a unified way. As the commander of the 54th Army, he can't command the commanders of the 62nd Army, such as Lin Weichou and Roach, to intervene without authorization, and Chen Tie and others can't play any role. At that time, the navy and air force led by Gui Yongqing, commander of the navy, and Wang Shuming, commander of the air force, were not under the command of Kan Hanqian, and even Hou Jingru could only look on. The so-called coordinated operation of the armed forces of the army, navy and air force is just a formality, or just a shout.
Chiang Kai-shek gave them positions, but did not give them corresponding powers. Therefore, when the army attacked, the cooperation between the navy and the air force was just a show. Although the naval shelling and air force bombing seriously destroyed the Tashan position of our army, as Hui De 'an described: "Looking at Tashan from the North Mountain of Huludao, it was really shocking to see the concentrated bombing of sea and air firepower. In an instant, Tashan became a sea of fire, and the smoke went straight into the sky and condensed into a huge dark cloud. Under such a crazy offensive, the People's Liberation Army Tashan Heroes Corps actually created a great miracle in the history of war, and the Kuomintang was defeated by the red flag of Tashan. " There are many factions within the Kuomintang that conflict with each other, so it is difficult for military commanders to ban ideological unity, and it is logical that it is difficult to form effective coordination in seemingly massive land, sea and air operations.
In addition, the participation of the Kuomintang navy Danyang (formerly the Japanese navy Xuefeng) greatly hindered the strategic play of the Kuomintang army on the outside; It is also one of the important reasons for its failure in the battle.