Peasant Uprising Led by Liu Liu, Liu Qi and Yang Hucheng in Zhengde Period of Ming Dynasty. Liu Liuchong and Liu Qichen were born in Wen 'an County, Bazhou (now Wen 'an, Hebei Province) and farmers. Ren Xia is upright, brave and good at riding and shooting. Because of the annexation and oppression of landlords, Qi Yanming and others looted houses in Bazhou and other places, which was called "Hebei Xiangma". In the fourth year of Zheng De's reign (1509), the Ming government sent more inspectors to Tianjinwei and Calm to "specialize in catching thieves". Liu Liu and Liu Qi's family were persecuted. Qi Yanming was also arrested and later rescued by Liu Qi and others. In October of five years, Liu Liu and Liu Qi led dozens of riding uprisings in Bazhou, and poor farmers responded in succession, which quickly developed to more than 10,000 people. At this time, yang hu, who rose in Shandong, also led his troops to meet Liu Liu and others, and the insurgents grew stronger and stronger, heading for the capital and southern Shandong. In March of the following year, the insurgents joined forces with Boye, Raoyang and Nangong counties in Hebei, followed by Shandong, and conquered more than 20 counties such as Rizhao, Qufu and Taian. The Ming army fled all the way. The broad masses of poor middle peasants are willing to provide grain and straw sticks to the rebels. Rebels killed landlords and bureaucrats, burned officials, robbed Hyogo and released prisoners. The Ming government sent Ma, Zhang Qian and others as military affairs prefects. Because of the strength of the insurgents, they can only support the army in self-defense and dare not confront the insurgents head-on.

Under the situation of continuous victory, the insurgents put forward the slogan of "building a country to help Germany" and formulated the policy of taking Hebei and Henan first, expanding the collection of military forces, and then occupying Nanjing to establish political power. So, the insurgents were divided into two roads, one led by Liu Liu, Liu Qi and Qi Yanming, and they were active in Shandong. The West Road led by yang hu and others is active in Henan. In May, the East Road Rebel entered Henan from Shandong, turned from Huguang to Jiangxi, and entered Bazhou in the north. The Yanghu branch of West Road runs from south to north, enters Shanxi in June, reaches Hebei in the east, and reaches Wen 'an directly. In August, the two armies will attack Bazhou and threaten the capital. In this situation, the Ming government stepped up fortification, replaced Ma He and Zhang Qian, and sent right assistant minister and Ministry of War assistant minister Lu Wan to command the border guards and the Beijing camp loyalist to stop the rebels. After that, Liu broke through the tight encirclement and moved eastward to Le 'an (now Guangrao, Shandong Province). Yang Hucheng led his troops to Dongchang, Shandong Province, and divided his forces to contain the enemy.

In September, two insurgents besieged Cangzhou, Hebei province, blocking the grain transportation of the Ming Dynasty. In October, a branch of Yang Hucheng passed through Tianjin, Jingzhou (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province), Zaoqiang and other places, entered Daming House (now Daming, Hebei Province), attacked the city pool in the east, relied on Liu's potential, and then turned to Anhui. However, Yang Hucheng crossed the river in Yimen (between Bozhou and Yang Guo) and was attacked and killed by the Ming army. His troops are Liu Hui and Zhao Kui. Liu Liu's troops went south to Shandong, connecting ten counties such as Keyanggu, Shouzhang, Yishui and Qufu, and attacked feudal areas of the Ming Dynasty such as Qingzhou, Yanzhou and Yizhou, and then turned to Jining, burning down the Ming Dynasty grain carrier 1200. Swirling from Jining to the north, fighting Bazhou in the north and Tangyin in Henan in the south.

In the first month of seven years, I went deep into Bazhou area near Beijing again. At this time, Liu Hui and Zhao Sui moved to Anhui, Henan and other places. They elected Liu Hui as Marshal Mukden, Zhao Sui as Deputy Marshal, set up five armies, set up 28 battalions, and appointed governors and captains. , and 13 people rode on foot, playing the banner of "going straight to the land of secluded swallows" and "reopening the chaos", and also declaring military discipline and not killing civilians in vain. Insurgents brought trouble to many counties in Henan, burned down the home of Jiao Fang, a former cabinet minister who was in cahoots with Liu Jin in Biyang, and arrived in Huguang Xiangyang and other counties. 1In February, 977, the Ming government sent right-capital suggestion Peng Ze as the military affairs prefect, and deployed border guards and Huguang soldiers in Datong and other places to pursue the Henan Rebels. In May, Liu Hui was shot dead by an arrow when fighting with the Ming army in Nanzhao (now Nanzhao East, Henan Province). Zhao Sui was also arrested in Wuchang and later executed in Beijing.

Liu Liu and Liu Qi, who advanced on the capital, saw that it was difficult for the capital to storm, so they went south from Wen 'an (now Hebei), entered Jiangsu, and then turned to Shandong. Minglu assembled100000 soldiers in Denglai and Lailai areas of Shandong Province and surrounded the rebels. The insurgents struggled to break through and fought the Ming army in the counties south of the capital. With the defeat of Henan Rebel Army, this Rebel Army gradually moved south. Leap in May, south to Huangzhou, Hubei Province (now Huanggang, Hubei Province), from Tuanfeng Town to the river, Liu Liu died because of the boat cover, Liu Qi and others descended from Wuchang and sailed the boat to Jiujiang to Susong River. The Ming government urgently dispatched Peng Ze to reinforce Luwan, stationed in the east of Nanjing and Susong, and strengthened military preparations in key areas along the Yangtze River. On July 18th, the rebels attacked Tongzhou (now Nantong, Jiangsu), and then occupied Langshan, southeast of Tongzhou, and defended it. On 2 1 day, Ming soldiers attacked the position of Langshan Rebel from north and south. The rebels were alone and outnumbered. Liu Qi and Qi Yanming died successively, and the uprising failed.