Many students find it difficult to understand and master Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism and Lu Wang's Neo-Confucianism. The author briefly summarizes the similarities and differences between Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism and Wang Lu's Neo-Confucianism, hoping to help the students. 1. Similarity 1. They were conceived and developed on the basis of mutual absorption and infiltration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Zhou Dunyi, a pioneer of Neo-Confucianism, combined the Book of Changes with Taoism and wrote Taiji Illustration. Buddhist religious philosophy attaches importance to people's subjective consciousness, that is, the role of "heart" (subjective consciousness). Both Zen Buddhism and Faxiangzong attach importance to the role of "mind", and Lu's way of thinking is directly influenced by Zen Buddhism. 2. Everyone recognizes the existence of "rationality" and agrees that the world is not an objective material world. 3. Both of them are outstanding representatives of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. They absorbed and merged with each other in opposition, which promoted the development of theoretical thinking. Lu Jiuyuan is a neo-Confucian, and he is dissatisfied with Cheng and Zhu's complicated way of seeking Tao. Wang Shouren advocated the renewal of Neo-Confucianism with the theory of mind, which became a branch of Neo-Confucianism. The "Goose Lake Meeting" between Zhu and Lu Jiuyuan and their arguments, as well as the coexistence and confrontation between Neo-Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism, made them absorb and merge in opposition and promoted the development of theoretical thinking. 4. Both of them are the development of Confucianism, which is an important stage of the development of Confucianism. Everyone is asking about the ultimate meaning and basic principles of the universe, society and life. 6. Confucian ethics is essentially used to restrain social order and maintain authoritarian rule. 7. Both of them emphasize the opposition between "righteousness" and "human desire", suppress people's natural desire and have a negative impact. Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism holds that only by respecting the laws of nature can we achieve the way of being a saint. When people's selfish desires conflict with the norms, they must "preserve the principles of nature and eliminate people's desires", which leads to the extreme emphasis on women's chastity. Wang Shouren believed that as long as he overcame his own selfish desires and returned to his conscience, he could become a saint, and attacked the behaviors and thoughts that violated "justice" ("thief in the mountain" and "thief in the heart") in order to try his best to maintain autocratic rule. 8. Everyone attaches great importance to the power of subjective will, emphasizing the unity of emotion and reason, self-restraint and determination, emphasizing people's social responsibility and historical mission, and highlighting the solemnity of human nature, which has played a positive role in shaping the character of the Chinese nation. Second, the difference is 1. It means different. The representatives of Neo-Confucianism in Zhu Cheng are Cheng Hao in the Northern Song Dynasty and Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty. The representatives of Wang Lu Neo-Confucianism are Lu Jiuyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty and Wang Shouren in the Ming Dynasty. 2. Different views on the origin of the world. Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism holds that "reason" is the origin of the world, and puts forward that "there is only one reason in the universe". Lu Wang's theory of mind and nature holds that "mind" is the origin of all things in the world, and puts forward that "the universe is my heart, and my heart is the universe". There are different ways to know things. Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism puts forward that to grasp "reason", we should know it through the method of "grasping things", that is, we should deepen the experience of innate "reason" on the basis of understanding all kinds of knowledge by contacting everything in the world, and finally understand "reason" thoroughly. Lu Wang's theory of mind put forward the methods of "inventing the original mind" and "inducing conscience" to seek truth. Seeking truth is not seeking outside, but seeking inner reflection. 4. The impact is different. Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism was the ruling thought in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, which had an influence at home and abroad. Lu Wang's theory of mind and nature is an important thought in ancient China, which does not occupy an orthodox position and has less influence than Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism.