Fermentation is an indispensable process in wine production, which decomposes sugar into drinkable ethanol (alcohol) liquid through the action of yeast. The content of ethanol is between 0.5% and 75.5%, and it also contains certain nutrients and flavor components. ? There are tens of thousands of kinds of wines around the world, and the alcohol content of raw materials and wines is also very different. In order to make it easier to understand and remember, people classify it in different ways. According to the classification of raw materials, wine can be roughly divided into seven categories: grain wine, spice and herbal wine, fruit wine, milk and egg wine, plant pulp wine, honey wine and mixed wine. ? If divided by drinking time, there are differences between aperitif, table wine, after-dinner wine and special wine; If the alcohol content is different, there are low, moderate and high levels. ?
According to the nature of wine, it can be divided into three categories: (1) fermented wine, including wine, beer, yellow wine and fruit wine. (2) Distilled liquor, including China white wine, French brandy, whisky, Dutch gin, vodka, rum and tequila. (3) Refined and comprehensively reproduced alcoholic beverages, including English gin, liqueur, absinthe (absinthe), bitter wine, medicinal liquor, etc. ? Alcohol?
Generally, it is calculated by ‘Vol'ume, so "vol" will be added after the alcohol concentration to indicate the difference from weight calculation. ? There are two ways to express the alcohol content on the label:?
1, European percentage method: in Europe, Japan and other countries, expressed in percentage or degree, such as 40%Vol or 43%Vol for whisky, 40%Vol for brandy and 12%~ 12.5%Vol for wine. ?
2. American mode of proof: the United States and Canada take proof as the representative. The proof value is equal to twice the percentage, for example, 80proof=40%? Raw material distinction?
Generally speaking, most fruits or grains can be used as raw materials for wine making, but they have different flavors. ?
Red wine.-Red grapes? White wine-white grapes? Brandy-white grapes, fruit whiskey-grains (barley, rye, corn)? Rum-sucrose, molasses?
Sweet wine-flowers, leaves, roots, bark, fruits, skins, herbs and spices? How to drink?
If we can choose the right occasion, keep the right wine temperature, choose the right wine glass and match certain dishes, we can give full play to the characteristics of wine and enjoy drinking. ? Red wine room temperature 18~20℃?
After opening the bottle, wait 15~30 minutes to sober up, then the wine will be round, smooth and easy to eat. Ideal with meat, onions and cheese. Wide-mouth upright thick cup-shaped wine glass. ? White wine was refrigerated in ice bucket before opening at 10~ 12℃. The amount of wine poured should not exceed half the capacity of the cup, so it should be served with seafood. Wine glasses, tulip goblets. ? The amount of brandy poured at room temperature should not exceed the cup capacity of 1/5. When drinking, hold the bottom of the glass with the palm of your hand, so that the temperature of the palm will gradually heat up the brandy, and shake the glass at any time to make the aroma mellow, gather at the mouth of the glass, taste while smelling, and taste slowly, which can help digestion and promote blood circulation. A goblet with a round belly at the mouth of the glass. ?
Whisky is served at room temperature, or with ice cubes and mineral water. Usually, 1/3 ice cubes are first added into an upright glass, and then the wine is poured, whichever is less than the amount of ice cubes. However, in order to enjoy its delicious and mellow taste, aged whisky should be drunk pure. The glass is upright and short. ? Several popular drinking methods in bars. 1. Vodka+orange juice:?
This is one of the most popular drinking methods. Vodka always reminds people of the desolate Siberia. In Suzhou Creek, the hero and heroine have been drinking vodka soaked in weeds. ? 2. Chivas regal+iced green tea+soda water:?
At first, whisky was a very strong wine. If you drink it clean, it will almost burn your throat.
Even the wine merchants will introduce you to double soda. But when we get to the bar, it's a little fun to match. Be sure to use iced green tea instead of iced black tea. It's better to use Master Kong's brand. So, alcohol quietly entered a fragrant tea. ?
3. Pure white Hennessy+soda water:?
Hennessy, which I am familiar with, is one of the four major brands of French brandy. I wonder if this pure white Hennessy can be included in its product line. The French have always been proud. How would you feel if you learned that Hennessy was blended in this way? 4. Jack Dennis+Coke:?
It is said that a national leader invented the drinking method of old vinegar and Sprite, so it was called Tiandi No.1. Before long, a drink called Tiandi No.1 really appeared in the market. How delicious the combination of Jack Dennis and Coke is depends on personal taste, but it is said that there is a product similar to "Tiandi No.1" abroad called Jack. As the name implies, the main ingredients are Jack Dennis and Coke. ?
Rum+gin+tonic water:?
Both kinds of wine are very strong, and they are more explosive when mixed together. Both wines are very clear, and they are still as calm as water when put together. So there is no difference between water and fire in the eyes of drinkers. ? 6. Bailey liqueur+soda water:?
Women's drinking is risky, and their image is either particularly degraded or particularly beautiful. All the combinations of Bailey liqueur are designed to cater to ladies. In addition to soda, you can even add milk! ? 7. Baijiade Rum+Coke:?
I was amazed at how such a combination with revolutionary passion appeared in the chaos of leading a drunken life. Later, after a closer look, I fully understood that the 100 bottle of rum made in Cuba met the free American cola. In fact, there are some lovely harmony in the vortex of conflict in this world. For example, Castro and Clinton both like cigars and this cup of free Cuba. ? 8. Tequila+lemon+salt:?
In fact, this is the most orthodox way to drink agave, and I chose it because it feels very Jianghu. I remember watching Born on the 4th of July, there was another tequila in Mexico, and a bug was soaked in each cup. People swallow the wine in one gulp, and then spit out the worms violently. That's so cool. 1, vodka+orange juice?
This is one of the most popular drinking methods. Vodka always reminds people of the desolate Siberia. In Suzhou Creek, the hero and heroine have been drinking vodka soaked in weeds. ?
2. Needles hidden in cotton (Chivas Regal+iced green tea+soda)?
Originally, whiskey is a very strong wine, which will almost burn your throat after drinking it clean, so even the wine merchants will introduce you to double soda water. But when we get to the bar, it's a little fun to match. We must use iced green tea instead of iced black tea. I've tried other brands of green tea, and Master Kong's brand is better. A Chivas Regal and two cups of green tea, mix some ice cubes in the pot. As a result, alcohol sneaked into the fragrant tea, and soon I really felt Liezi was riding the wind.
3, condescending (pure white Hennessy+soda)?
Hennessy, which I am familiar with, is one of the four major brands of French brandy. I wonder if this pure white Hennessy can be included in its product line. The French have always been proud. I wonder how they would feel if they knew that Hennessy was blended in this way. ?
4. The final result (Jack Dennis+Coke)?
It is said that a national leader invented the drinking method of old vinegar and Sprite, so it was called Tiandi No.1. Before long, a drink called Tiandi No.1 really appeared in the market. ?
How delicious the combination of Jack Dennis and Coke is depends on personal taste, but it is said that there is a product similar to "Tiandi No.1" abroad called Jack. As the name implies, the main ingredients are Jack Dennis and Coke. This method is most suitable for wine distribution, with good entrance and fast alcohol delivery under the action of soda water. Just divide it into seven or eight cups. This drinking method seems to be the favorite of wine instructors. ?
5. Fire burns in water (rum+felt wine+tonic water)?
Both kinds of wine are very strong, and when they are mixed together, they have more flames. Both wines are very clear, and they are still as calm as water when put together. So there is no difference between water and fire in the eyes of drinkers. This wine is suitable for tasting, not for chopping, otherwise it will degrade many people. Women's drinking is risky, and their image is either particularly degraded or particularly beautiful. All the combinations of Bailey liqueur are designed to cater to ladies. In addition to soda, you can even add milk! I remember the upstart drinking there when he was in Asakusa. It's so sweet, just like drinking milk. ?
7. Free Cuba (Bacardi Rum+Coke)?
The 100 bottle of rum produced in Cuba met with free American cola. In fact, there is some lovely harmony in the vortex of conflict in this world. For example, Castro and Clinton both like cigars, and this cup of free Cuba. ?
8. Fast tequila (tequila+lemon+salt)?
In fact, this is the most orthodox way to drink agave, and I chose it because it feels very Jianghu. I used to add sprite when I watched the World Cup with my friends. Seeing the wonderful place, everyone picked up the cups and patted them on the table, and then they did it at once.