Hardware necessary for college students to start a business. College students are enthusiastic about starting a business, but the success rate of starting a business is obviously low due to lack of experience, ability and consciousness deviation. In this regard, Xu Benliang, an expert in college students' entrepreneurship guidance and president of Shanghai Entrepreneurship Education and Training Center, believes that college students must have the following hardware: hardware 1: Experienced universities expect to grow on campus and lack understanding of society, especially in market development and enterprise operation. It is easy to fall into the misunderstanding of arrogance and armchair strategist. Therefore, college students should be fully prepared before starting a business. On the one hand, they should work or practice in enterprises and accumulate relevant management and marketing experience. On the other hand, actively participate in entrepreneurship training, accumulate entrepreneurial knowledge, receive professional guidance, and improve the success rate of entrepreneurship. Hardware II: Capital According to a survey, 40% of college students think that "capital is the biggest difficulty in starting a business". Indeed, no matter how clever a woman is, she will not cook without rice. Without funds, even the best ideas can't be transformed into real productivity. Therefore, capital is a mountain for college students to climb when starting a business. College students should explore new ideas and raise funds through multiple channels. In addition to traditional channels such as bank loans, self-raised funds and private loans, we can also make full use of financing channels such as venture capital, angel investment and venture capital. Hardware III: Technology for intelligence for capital, which is a characteristic way for college students to start a business. Some venture capitalists are often willing to fund their business plans just because they take a fancy to the advanced technology mastered by college students. Therefore, college students who intend to start businesses in high-tech fields must attach importance to technological innovation, develop products with their own independent intellectual property rights and attract investors. Hardware IV: Ability College students are not familiar with the "rules of the game" due to long-term exam-oriented education, and they are outstanding in technology, and their abilities in financial management, marketing, communication and management are generally insufficient. To succeed in starting a business, entrepreneurs must attach importance to both technology and management. It is suggested that you can start with partnership, family business or low-cost virtual shop to exercise your entrepreneurial ability. The four directions of college students' entrepreneurship Although there are unlimited business opportunities in today's entrepreneurial market, it is not "arachidonic acid" for college students' entrepreneurs with limited capital, ability and experience. In this case, college students can only find a "foothold" according to their own characteristics in order to find a new world that really suits them. Direction 1: College students who are at the forefront of high-tech fields have the advantage of getting the moon first in this field. The success of college students' entrepreneurial enterprises such as "Easy Ark" and "Shimeile" benefits from the technological advantages of entrepreneurs. However, not all college students are suitable for starting businesses in high-tech fields. Generally speaking, college students with profound technical skills and excellent academic performance can be sure to win. College students who are interested in starting a business in this field can actively participate in various entrepreneurial competitions, get the opportunity to stand out and attract venture capital. Recommended business opportunities: software development, web page production, network services, mobile games, etc. Direction 2: Intelligence in the field of intelligence service is the capital of college students' entrepreneurship. In the field of intellectual services, college students are at ease. For example, in the field of family education, it is very suitable for college students to start businesses. On the one hand, it is the traditional channel for college students to work and study, and has accumulated rich experience; On the other hand, college students can make full use of the educational resources of colleges and universities, and it is easier to earn the "first bucket of gold". This kind of intellectual service entrepreneurship project has low cost, and a desk can be opened with a phone. Recommended business opportunities: tutor, tutor intermediary, design studio, translation firm, etc. Direction 3: statistics of franchise chain show that in the same business field, the success rate of individual entrepreneurship is less than 20%, while those who join in entrepreneurship are as high as 80%. For college students with limited entrepreneurial resources, with the help of the brand, technology, marketing and equipment advantages of franchise chains, they can start businesses with less investment and lower threshold. However, franchise chain is not "zero risk". In the mixed market, college students are inexperienced, so they should pay more attention to avoiding risks when choosing joining projects. Generally speaking, college entrepreneurs have weak financial strength and are suitable for joining projects with low start-up capital and low staffing requirements, and it is appropriate to start with small business; In addition, it is best to choose a mature brand that has been operating for more than 5 years and has more than 10 franchise stores. Recommended business opportunities: fast food industry, domestic service, small supermarket on campus, digital express printing station, etc. Direction 4: On the one hand, college students can make full use of college students' customer resources when they open stores; On the other hand, it is easier to get started because you are familiar with the consumption habits of your peers. It is precisely because of taking the "student route" that we should rely on cheap and good quality to attract customers. In addition, due to the limited funds of college students, it is impossible to choose to open a store in a prosperous area, so the promotion work is particularly important, and it is necessary to often post advertisements on campus or organize activities with associations to be widely known. Recommended business opportunities: restaurants, cafes, hair salons, stationery stores, bookstores, etc. In or near the university.