In the end, he forcibly crossed the Xiangjiang River between Quanzhou and Xing 'an, breaking through the fourth blockade of the Kuomintang army and smashing Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to panic in the east of Xiangjiang River. However, the Central Red Army also paid a very heavy price for this. The number of army officers and soldiers and central government personnel dropped sharply from more than 80,000 at the beginning of the Long March to more than 30,000.
Extended data
On September 25th, 1933, the First Front Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army began its fifth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Kuomintang troops in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian. 1September 25, 933 to1June 0, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized about/kloc-0,000,000 troops and adopted the new strategy of "fortress doctrine" to carry out a large-scale "encirclement and suppression" of the central revolutionary base areas.
At this time, Wang Ming's "Left" opportunism dominated the Red Army, refused to accept Mao Zedong's correct suggestion, replaced guerrilla warfare and mobile warfare with positional warfare, and replaced the people's war with so-called "regular" war, leaving the Red Army completely in a passive position.
After a year of hard struggle, the counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" failed to win. Finally, in 1934 and 10, the central leading organs and the main forces of the Red Army were ordered to evacuate the base areas hastily.
1, four-way blockade
1934165438+10. In October, the Central Red Army, which made a strategic shift from the Central Soviet Area to the west, broke through the three blockade lines of the Kuomintang army, continued to advance westward, and advanced to the border of Hunan and Guangxi. Chiang Kai-shek pieced together the fourth blockade line in an attempt to destroy the Central Red Army east of Xiangjiang River. It was against this background that the Xiangjiang Campaign broke out.
It was discovered that the Red Army attempted to advance westward from the full irrigation triangle, and Gui Jun's main force 165438+ went north from Gongcheng on1October 26th, and Xiang Army 165438+ entered Quanzhou on1October 27th. 165438+1On the afternoon of October 27th, the Red Army Corps captured all the Xiangjiang River ferries south of Quanzhou and north of Jieshou. 165438+1In the early morning of October 28th, Gui Jun launched an attack on Xinxu Red Sanjuntuan, and the Xiangjiang Campaign officially started.
2. Crossing the Xiangjiang River
The enemy used the wide Xiangjiang River to form the fourth blockade. The Red Army was blocked by Xiangjiang River, with Guangxi Army on the left and Henan Army on the right, followed by the Central Army and Guangdong warlords. The situation is extremely dangerous. On the 25th, the Central Military Commission issued an operational order to cross the Xiangjiang River, so that the Central Red Army was divided into four columns and quickly crossed the Xiangjiang River and passed the enemy's fourth blockade.
On the 26th, the main forces of Red 1 3 Army Corps advanced rapidly. On the 27th, the Red 2 nd and 4 th Divisions of the vanguard troops rushed to the Xiangjiang River between Xing 'an and Quanzhou in Guangxi. By that night, the Red Army had taken control of the banks of Xiangjiang River, 60 Li Long between Jieshou and Shandu. At this time, the military commission column is only more than 80 kilometers away from the nearest Xiangjiang crossing point. If you travel light, you can arrive in a day.
However, due to the narrow mountain road and the slow movement of the follow-up troops from the Soviet area, they can only walk 20 or 30 kilometers a day, and precious opportunities are lost in vain.
165438+1On October 29th, the enemy launched an attack on the Red Army crossing the river. Red Army soldiers on both sides of the strait fought to the death with the superior enemy in order to cover the safe crossing of the river by the CPC Central Committee. In the red army's sniper position, shells and large explosions were heard, and many soldiers who had no time to build fortifications were stunned and had ear, nose and blood.
The Red Army, with its single equipment, must use its flesh and blood to resist the indiscriminate bombing of enemy planes and heavy artillery, and the cruelty of the battle can be imagined. However, the slogan of "defending the central column to cross the river safely" still resounded over the position.
3. Blood spilled on Xiangjiang River
65438+February 1, the fighting reached a white-hot level, and the enemy launched an all-out attack on me in an attempt to recapture the ferry and annihilate me on the way across the river. This is a battle of life and death, a contest of will. Meet the brave in the narrow road and win. The Red Army soldiers simply repelled the repeated attacks of the enemy company and battalion with bayonets and grenades. The blood of countless Red Army soldiers spilled on both sides of the Xiangjiang River, and the ferry was always firmly in the hands of the Red Army.
On that day 17, our central authorities and the Red Army troops finally crossed the Xiangjiang River to the death. Xiangjiang Campaign is the most heroic and crucial campaign since the breakthrough of the Central Red Army. Our army fought hard with the superior enemy for five days and nights, and finally tore open the four blockade lines fortified by the enemy, crushing Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to besiege the Red Army to the east of Xiangjiang River.
However, the Red Army also paid a very heavy price. The 5th Corps and the Small International Division established on the eve of the Long March lost more than half, and the 8th Corps lost even more. The 34th Division was surrounded by the enemy, and all the officers and men fought bloody battles until the ammunition was exhausted. Most comrades died heroically.
4. Battle results
Xiangjiang Campaign is the most heroic and crucial campaign since the breakthrough of the Central Red Army. The Red Army broke through the fourth blockade and paid a huge price. After crossing the Xiangjiang River, the two columns of the Central Red Army and the Central Military Commission have been reduced from 86,000 at the time of departure to 30,000.
It aroused the suspicion and dissatisfaction of the broad masses of cadres and soldiers on Wang Ming's military line to the extreme, and demanded a change of leadership in succession. The failure of Xiangjiang Campaign also accelerated Mao Zedong's comeback and laid the foundation for his later victory.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Xiangjiang Campaign