The imperialist aggression against China is dominated by economic exploitation. After the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, China was forced to sign the Shimonoseki Peace Treaty, allowing Japan to set up factories in various ports in China and use China's raw materials and cheap labor for economic aggression. Other powers have followed suit and set up factories in various ports in China.
The Japanese have 23 cotton mills in Shanghai alone, accounting for two-thirds of all cotton mills in Shanghai. Japanese factory owners are very hard on their workers. Workers work more than 12 hours a day, and their wages are only 15 cents a day. They will keep 5% of their savings in the savings factory until they work for ten years, and the savings of those who drop out will be confiscated.
65438+In February, 2004, a child laborer's body was found in the yarn pushing room of the No.8 Cotton Yarn Factory of Japan. He suffered more than ten serious injuries to his chest. He was killed with an iron bar by the Japanese manager of the cotton yarn factory. The workers witnessed the tragic situation, and they all went on strike. After mediation by the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, the Japanese factory owner promised not to beat and scold the workers, and at the same time paid wages every two weeks, and the workers returned to work.
In May, there was a wave of male workers in various yarn factories in Japan, and male workers were expelled and replaced by female workers, which triggered a general strike in 22 factories. Various organizations in Shanghai mediate on the condition that workers' treatment is improved and their savings are returned.
I didn't expect dozens of workers to be fired from No.8 Cotton Yarn Factory at home and abroad, and the workers refused to accept it. Eight people, including Gu Zhenghong, were selected to negotiate with the factory owner. During the negotiation, there was an argument, and the Japanese suddenly shot and killed Gu Zhenghong. Seven others were injured. The injured workers asked the concession industry department for help. The Ministry of Industry not only refused to deal with it fairly, but accused them of disturbing public order, which made the public even more angry.
On May 22nd, various organizations in Shanghai held a meeting to commemorate Gu Zhenghong. Students from all universities in Shanghai participated, and four people were arrested while passing through the concession. Therefore, the Shanghai Students' Union held a meeting and decided to organize a lecture team to start the concession publicity.
On May 30th, the Student Union sent a team to March and give a speech in the concession. In the afternoon, some students were arrested on Nanjing Road, and the rest of the students and the masses followed them to the gate of the arrest house with their bare hands, demanding the release of the arrested people. The British officer who carried out the arrest, Ai Fusheng, ordered the shooting at the crowd. Four students died on the spot and 30 were seriously injured. The concession authorities mobilized troops, declared martial law, shot at random, and suspended classes at Shanghai University.
This is the May 30th tragedy.
Extended data
Historical background
1925 10 after the fourth national congress of the China * * * production party, mass movements flourished. From February to April, Japanese cotton mill workers in Shanghai and Qingdao, under the leadership of China * * * Production Party, organized tens of thousands of workers to hold a large-scale strike struggle and achieved great victory, which was suppressed by Japanese imperialism and Beiyang warlords. Japanese imperialism colluded with the Beiyang warlord government in an attempt to undermine the workers' movement and brew a new bloody massacre.
Where the May 30th tragedy happened.
On May 14, workers of Japanese cotton mill in Shanghai went on strike again to protest against the unreasonable dismissal of workers by Japanese employers. Japanese capitalists shot and killed worker Gu Zhenghong (party member) and injured more than one worker 10, which aroused the strong anger of Shanghai workers, students and citizens.
At the same time, the Shanghai imperialists put forward "four proposals" that damaged China's sovereignty and attacked China's national industry and commerce (printing more articles of association, increasing dock donations, registering exchanges and so-called "banning heavy industry bill"), which were passed at the Shanghai taxpayer meeting on June 2, causing strong opposition from people from all walks of life in Shanghai, including the national bourgeoisie.
On May 28th, according to the development of the movement, the Central Committee decided in time to further mobilize the masses to carry out the political struggle against imperialism.
Baidu Encyclopedia-May 30th Massacre