Changing the economic growth model and developing a low-carbon economy have attracted high attention from the top management in China. China government solemnly promises that by 2020, the carbon intensity will be reduced by 40% ~ 45% compared with 2005 level. This goal means that in the next 10 year, China will enter a green GDP era based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions. An optimistic estimate is that China will achieve zero growth in carbon emissions from 2028 and negative growth by 2036. According to the calculation of relevant departments, the impact of carbon tax on GDP will be about 0.4% in 10, and this impact will be slowed down in the later period. At the same time, the emission reduction effect of carbon tax will reach 20%. In other words, in the short term, some enterprises in the construction industry may lose profits because of the new low-carbon regulations. However, from a broader perspective, enterprises can enjoy the great benefits brought by green economy by virtue of their high energy-saving efficiency and the rapid increase of people's preference for green buildings. The road map of carbon tax carbon tax is a tax on carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon tax aims at protecting the environment, hoping to slow down global warming by reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon tax can reduce fossil fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions by taxing fossil fuel products such as gasoline, aviation fuel and natural gas downstream of coal and oil according to their carbon content. In the future, China will incorporate carbon intensity emission reduction including the whole industrial chain of buildings as a binding index into the medium-and long-term planning of national economic and social development, and the detailed rules of statistics, monitoring and specific assessment methods are expected to be promulgated in early 20 10. A few days ago, the proposal report of the carbon tax research group of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance on levying carbon tax and related issues has been submitted to the relevant ministries and commissions in the State Council. The specific proposal of the Ministry of Finance is to reform the resource tax on 20 10, as a preparation before the carbon tax is levied, from the previous specific tax to the specific tax, and appropriately increase the tax rate of fossil fuels. On the basis of sorting out the price formation mechanism of resources and energy, a carbon tax was levied on 20 12 ~ 20 13. However, the schedule of carbon tax collection may be advanced to cope with the latest commitments announced by China municipal government and the grim situation of energy conservation and emission reduction. About the tax rate. The carbon tax research group of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance and the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission both suggested that the carbon tax should be levied at the initial stage, with a tax of 10 ~ 20 yuan for each ton of carbon dioxide emitted, and then it will be increased year by year, and may eventually be increased to 100 yuan per ton. The carbon dioxide emitted by coal and natural gas for personal use shall be listed in the tax collection catalogue first, and the tax collection shall be suspended. The Ministry of Environmental Protection suggested that before the carbon tax is levied, the implementation schedule and tax rate of the carbon tax should be announced in advance for the reference of enterprises and consumers' investment decisions. Or some questions are whether carbon tax is introduced as a tax alone, or whether a new tax item is set in the existing tax like fuel tax. If it is the latter, the carbon tax may be introduced at any time according to the situation. What deserves special attention in the industry is that many experts at home and abroad suggest that carbon trading system should be introduced in the fields of building materials production and real estate development as soon as possible when the time is ripe, so as to build a price discovery and preservation platform for related enterprises actively participating in green energy conservation. It is necessary to use the price transmission mechanism of carbon emission trading in the construction market to promote the transfer, investment and upgrading of energy-saving technologies, correct the failure of the market mechanism of green energy-saving buildings, and drive investors to take green actions in the whole industrial chain. However, considering the complexity of carbon dioxide emission in the whole construction industry chain and the low transaction cost and simplicity of carbon tax collection, the best choice for energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction industry is carbon tax. In other words, after the carbon tax is levied, the development of building materials and architecture will undoubtedly be regarded as an important goal first. In addition to the design of market mechanisms such as carbon neutrality and carbon tax, from the government level, according to the opinions of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, an incentive mechanism will be introduced in the future development of green energy-saving buildings, and the development and construction of green energy-saving houses will be encouraged by administrative and economic means such as financial green subsidies and penalties for substandard projects. In the assessment system of government officials at all levels, the indicators of building energy conservation and emission reduction will be more closely linked with the work of officials. According to the arrangement of energy conservation and emission reduction in the State Council, the proportion of mandatory energy conservation standards will be increased to over 90% by the end of 2009, and some big cities will enforce 65% of energy conservation standards. The unbearable weight is that people nowadays see smoke under the car, which is a kind of pollution in reality, and they know little about the black smoke in the construction industry. In fact, carbon footprint is like a ghost, and it is everywhere. The construction industry is one of the main sources of carbon dioxide emissions. Intuitively, in China, once electricity is generated, 1 kg of carbon dioxide is released; Consume 1 liter of gasoline and release 2.2 kilograms of carbon dioxide; For every square meter of housing built, 800 kilograms of carbon dioxide will be released. Globally, the construction industry is also the first of the three high energy-consuming industries, and its carbon emissions are much higher than those of transportation and industry. The American Institute of Architects said in its report on architecture and climate change that architecture accounts for 48% of total carbon dioxide emissions; Followed by transportation accounted for 27%, industry accounted for 25%. The situation in China is slightly different. Judging from the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions, China's responsibility for carbon dioxide accumulated in the atmosphere is very light, but in recent years, China is catching up at a speed higher than its domestic GDP. At present, China's carbon emissions have exceeded 6 billion tons, accounting for 20% of the global total, and it is the largest carbon emitter in the world. The International Energy Agency predicts that China's carbon emissions will increase by 2.7% on average in the next 20 years, and will account for 28% of the global total by 2020. Chou Baoxing, Vice Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said recently that building energy consumption in China accounts for about 28% of the total social energy consumption, and building energy consumption will become the main growth point of China's energy consumption and emissions in the next 20 years. According to the energy forecast of the National Development and Reform Commission, by 2050, the carbon dioxide emissions of China's energy, industry and construction industries will be two-thirds. China is the largest construction market in the world. The total housing area in China is close to 45 billion square meters. In the future, nearly 2 billion square meters of construction area will be added every year, which is close to half of the total annual construction in the world. Building energy consumption is about 350 million tons of standard coal, and the energy consumption per unit building area is three times that of developed countries. At the end of 2009, Gu Yunchang, vice president of China Real Estate Research Association, said at the Western Low-carbon Economy and Green Building Industry Summit Forum held in Chengdu that the current energy consumption of buildings in China has accounted for 40% of the total energy consumption of the whole society. However, at this meeting, Mr. Gu Yunchang did not provide the source of the above data he cited. There are huge business opportunities. According to the early plan formulated by the China Municipal Government, by 20 10, new buildings in cities and towns across the country will achieve 50% energy saving, and promote Beijing, Tianjin and other cities to take the lead in achieving 65% energy saving standards. In the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, 20% of the renovation area is completed in big cities and 15% in medium cities. According to the requirements, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, China has built an energy-saving building area of 2146 million square meters, including new buildings159.2 million square meters and existing buildings of 554 million square meters. Building energy-saving tasks account for 4 1% of all energy-saving tasks in China. According to a survey data released by the research group of China People's Political Consultative Conference, 99% of the nearly 40 billion square meters of existing urban and rural buildings in China before 2007 were high-energy buildings. It is roughly estimated that according to the mandatory standards, there are about 654.38+0.3 billion square meters of existing buildings in China that need energy-saving renovation, and this alone will provide nearly 3 trillion yuan of business opportunities for the construction market. The magic of wealth often comes from paying attention to market details. Whoever occupies the strategic commanding heights of green and energy-saving residential development will seize the future. The memorandum of cooperation on climate and new energy signed by China and the United States in Beijing recently covers three major areas, the first of which is technical cooperation on building energy conservation. Green energy saving will become the core competitiveness of future real estate developers. In economically developed countries, the stocks of listed companies with green concept are nearly 20% higher than those without green concept. The promotion and use of environmentally friendly building materials, the energy-saving transformation of existing buildings, the rise of green buildings, and industries related to urban living comfort (such as classified collection and recycling of domestic garbage) have brought unprecedented opportunities for the development of energy-saving and environmentally friendly houses. Once entrepreneurs focus on this market, will they get rich? Difficult! It can be predicted that in the future, the government will increase investment in basic research on building energy-saving technology, and green cakes will snowball. According to one data, the purchase cost of a house only accounts for less than 10% of the total life cycle cost of the house, while the operation and maintenance cost accounts for nearly 80%. Energy-saving housing has obvious comparative advantages in cost and value. Nowadays, green buildings are very popular all over the world. With the change of people's consumption habits and the enhancement of green consumption consciousness, houses with green energy-saving labels will attract people's attention. In the future, real estate development enterprises will be forced to clearly show consumers the energy-saving and environmental protection indicators and living comfort of the commercial houses they sell (including indoor temperature, humidity, temperature difference between objects and interfaces, air flow, pollutant content in the air, fresh air volume, etc.). ), insulation engineering warranty period and other information, and in the commercial housing sales contract, residential quality guarantee and residential use instructions to be clear. We are all under the same blue sky. Climate is a problem all over the world, and reducing emissions is also the responsibility of the whole world. Nobody can avoid it. The essence of taking low-carbon action is not to save the planet, but to save ourselves. Green energy saving is not a slogan or charity, but a common responsibility. In order to cope with the acceleration of global climate and environmental change, we no longer have extra time to think. The question we face is not whether we should, but that we must take strong action at once.
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