First, to explore the scene of various murder cases, to meet the needs of judicial practice or to determine the cause, time and nature of death, to infer and identify the murder weapon, to analyze the means and process of committing crimes, and to safeguard people's rights to life, health and personal dignity.
Second, investigate and identify the living people (people) involved in legal events in civil and criminal cases in terms of injury, labor ability, gender, sexual function and mental state, and help the socially disadvantaged groups obtain corresponding economic compensation through legal means to promote the development of socialist harmonious order and human rights spirit.
Third, examining and identifying forensic DNA material evidence related to crime can provide scientific basis for individual identification and paternity test, safeguard social judicial justice from the perspective of evidence law, reduce the occurrence of unjust, false and wrong cases, and provide expert testimony for court trials and procuratorial organs.
Fourth, identify medical dispute cases, distinguish the nature of responsibility, defend the sanctity of medical humanistic spirit through legal means, bring clinicians who lack medical ethics or even go bankrupt to justice, and at the same time facilitate medical departments to improve medical quality.
Five, through poison analysis (drug analysis), toxicology (pharmacology) and other analytical chemical means, to detect the types and chemical structures of poisons in poisoning cases, and to cooperate with the relevant political and legal departments of the state to find out the causes and nature of major poisoning accidents and accidents.
Evaluation and appraisal of the rationality of medical expenses of intransitive verbs. Since the implementation of the Tort Liability Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), with the strengthening of citizens' legal awareness of rights protection, the cases of reasonable evaluation of medical expenses and related medical problems have obviously increased. Among them, the rationality evaluation of medical expenses is highly professional and the identification is the most complicated, involving almost all clinical medical specialties and diagnosis and treatment projects at the same time.
Seven, biometric identification, forensic anthropology practice uses the inherent physiological characteristics of the human body to identify personal identity. It is of great legal significance in the fields of securities and finance.
Extended data:
According to laws, regulations and industrial operation norms, forensic doctors use various technologies or means to conduct on-site medical investigation, medical follow-up and evidence collection, in-vivo medical examination and injury observation, autopsy, symptom analysis, inspection and comparison, observation and interrogation, relic identification, transfer custody and special physical examination at important time nodes.
It is the core of criminal investigation, evidence collection and case solving of public security organs to assist the police in handling cases to file a case for arrest. Compared with clinicians who only pay attention to living medicine, modern forensic doctors in China take "living medicine" and "dead medicine" as research objects at the same time. Forensic medicine is a scientific and technical personnel who use basic medicine, clinical medicine and related criminal science and technology and judicial expertise technology to investigate and identify the human body (living body, corpse, spirit) and crime scene related to law.
Ancient forensic doctors were called Lingshi and Zuo Zuo, who mainly did simple autopsies (not involving modern western medicine technology, especially pathology). In modern China, forensic medicine has become a complex and open system, actively absorbing the knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, psychology and computer science and engineering, and integrating it into the modern science and technology system of Yu Dacheng, and it is moving towards a scientific, standardized, institutionalized and standardized road.
Just as the legal system of a country is divided into judicial power, legislative power and administrative power, accordingly, judicial expertise has gradually moved into three major fields: judicial expertise, legislative expertise and administrative expertise. For forensic doctors, the human body (living body, corpse) is not the end, but the spirit of rule of law and human rights awareness are the ultimate goal, and medicine is the means to achieve the goal.
Baidu encyclopedia-forensic doctor