As an enterprise, while seeking economic benefits from the market, we should also pay attention to safety in production, nip in the bud, and achieve a "win-win" between interests and safety. 1. Units shall strictly abide by fire laws, regulations and rules, implement the fire control policy of "putting prevention first and combining prevention with elimination", perform fire control safety duties and ensure fire control safety. The legal representative of a legal entity or the main person in charge of an unincorporated entity is the person in charge of fire safety of the entity and is fully responsible for the fire safety work of the entity. Units shall implement the fire safety responsibility system and post fire safety responsibility system step by step, clarify the fire safety responsibility step by step and post by post, and determine the fire safety responsible persons at all levels and posts. 2, the key units of fire safety shall set up or determine the centralized management department of fire control work, and determine the full-time or part-time fire management personnel; Other units shall determine full-time or part-time fire management personnel, and may determine the centralized management functional departments of fire control work. Centralized management functional departments and full-time and part-time fire management personnel shall implement fire safety management under the leadership of the person in charge of fire safety or the fire safety administrator. 3, the unit shall establish and improve the fire safety system, including fire safety education and training; Fire inspection and inspection; Management of safety evacuation facilities; Fire (control room) on duty; Maintenance and management of fire fighting facilities and equipment; Rectification of fire hazards; Safety management of using fire and electricity; Flammable and explosive dangerous goods and fire and explosion prevention in places. 4. Large and medium-sized enterprises with high fire risk, special warehouses and ancient building management units listed as national key cultural relics protection shall establish full-time fire brigades in accordance with relevant state regulations and organize regular fire drills. 5. Organize the formulation of fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans that are in line with the actual situation of the unit, and organize employees to conduct escape and self-help drills at least once every six months and put out the initial fires. 6. Regularly maintain the fire-fighting facilities, fire-fighting equipment and fire safety signs of this unit to ensure that they are in good condition and effective. Always keep fire doors, fire shutters, fire safety evacuation signs, emergency lighting, mechanical smoke exhaust and air supply, fire accident broadcasting and other facilities in normal working condition. 7. Ensure that evacuation routes and safety exits are unblocked. Do not occupy evacuation passages or set obstacles on evacuation passages and exits, do not close exits during business, production and work, and do not block safety evacuation signs. 8. It is forbidden to use open flames in places where there is a danger of fire and explosion; If it is necessary to carry out open flame operations such as electricity and gas welding due to special circumstances, the hot work department and personnel shall go through the examination and approval procedures in strict accordance with the fire control management system of the unit, implement the on-site guardian, allocate sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and remove flammable and combustible substances in the hot work area. 9, abide by the relevant provisions of the state, the production, use, storage, sales, transportation or destruction of flammable and explosive dangerous goods to implement strict fire safety management. It is forbidden to bring kindling into places where inflammable and explosive dangerous goods are produced and stored. 10, the key units of fire safety shall conduct daily fire inspections, and determine the personnel, content, place and frequency of inspections. Other units may organize fire prevention inspection as required. Fire patrol personnel shall promptly correct illegal acts, and if they cannot be disposed of on the spot, they shall immediately report to the relevant departments. 1 1, fire duty personnel and patrol personnel must stick to their posts, and shall not leave their posts without leave. 12, new employees must receive fire safety training before taking up their posts, and employees in special jobs and key positions with fire hazards must receive fire safety training, with the training rate reaching 100% and holding relevant certificates. 13. It is forbidden to connect temporary wires or use electrical equipment in dormitories, production workshops, factories and other places without permission, and it is strictly forbidden to overload electricity. It is strictly forbidden to set up staff dormitories in warehouses and workshops. 14. The heat-treated workpieces of the enterprise should be stacked in a safe place, and it is strictly prohibited to pile them on the oily ground or near flammable items such as wood and paper. 15, lignite, wet straw, wheat straw, cotton, rapeseed, bean cake, cotton yarn stained with animal and vegetable oil, gloves, clothes, sawdust, linoleum wiped on equipment, etc. If it is piled up for a long time, it is easy to cause fire by spontaneous combustion, and Qin Ying will deal with it. 16, plant stacking should be stored in a dry place, at the same time to do a good job of moistureproof. Stacking should not be too large, so ventilation should be strengthened, and special personnel should be assigned to detect the temperature and humidity to prevent spontaneous combustion or the spread of Fei Huo in the stack. 17, enterprise employees should achieve "three understandings and three skills", that is, know the fire danger of their posts, know the basic fire protection knowledge and know the fire prevention measures; Will report the fire, will put out the initial fire, will organize evacuation. 18, we should call the police in time after the fire, and we have to report, report late, lie about the fire and hide the fire. When calling the fire alarm number "1 19", make clear the fire unit, area, street, house number, fire location, burning substance, fire size, alarm name and telephone number used. After the alarm, send someone to meet at the intersection and guide the fire truck into the fire. 19, electrical appliances or wires are on fire, cut off the power supply first, and then put out the fire, otherwise it is likely to cause electric shock and personal injury. 20. When escaping through thick smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground, cover your mouth and nose with wet towels and handkerchiefs, and keep a low profile to prevent the harm of toxic smoke. 2 1. After the fire, trapped people living on lower floors can use strong ropes (if they can't find the ropes, they can tear the bedding, sheets or strong curtain cloth into strips and twist them into ropes), tie them to strong heating pipes, window frames or bedsteads, and then slowly slide down the ropes to escape. 22. If you are trapped above the third floor, don't jump. Can be temporarily transferred to the floor refuge room or other safer bathrooms, rooms, windows or balconies, and take feasible self-help measures. 23. In the trapped room, you can send a distress signal to the window by flashlight, waving clothes, calling, etc., waiting for the rescue of firefighters. In case of fire, should we call the police or put out the fire first? Usually, after a fire, alarm and fire fighting should be carried out at the same time. Every minute counts. If you call the police early, the fire truck will arrive early and put out the fire at the initial stage. As time goes on, a small fire may turn into a big fire, and a small disaster may turn into a big disaster. The development of fire is usually unpredictable. Sometimes it seems that the fire is not big, and you think you can put it out. However, due to various factors, the fire will suddenly expand, and the alarm will be delayed at this time. According to statistics, the size of fire loss has a great relationship with the alarm sooner or later. Therefore, in case of fire, it should be remembered that alarm and fire extinguishing should be carried out simultaneously. If there is a fire, you should call for help and put out the fire when there is only one person at the scene. If you think you can't put out the fire, you should call the police as soon as possible, and shout and run on the way to seek help from the masses. When giving an alarm, you should calmly and accurately explain the fire area, street, house number or fire unit, what the burning substance is, the size of the fire, the name of the alarm person and the telephone number used. Fire escape and self-help 1. When there is a fire, you should escape quickly and don't be greedy for property. 2. Family members should know the basic methods of fire escape and be familiar with several escape routes. 3. When threatened by fire, immediately put on wet clothes and bedding and rush out in the direction of safety exit. 4. When escaping from the thick smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. 5, the body is on fire, don't run, you can roll on the spot or use heavy clothes to suppress the flame. 6. Don't take the elevator in case of fire, and escape in the direction of the safety exit. 7, outdoor fire, the door is hot, don't open the door, to prevent fire into the room. Use soaked bedding, clothes, etc. To block the doors and windows, to splash water to cool down. 8. If all escape routes are blocked by fire, immediately return to the room and send a distress signal to the window by flashlight, waving clothes, making a phone call, etc. And wait for rescue. 9. Never jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, drainage pipes, etc. In order to escape, or tear sheets and quilts into strips and connect them into ropes, and tie them tightly to fixtures such as window frames and iron railings, slide down the ropes, or go down to the floor without lights to escape. Precautions for smoking Common combustible materials, such as cotton, hemp, paper and furniture. The ignition point is only about 200℃ to 300℃, and the temperature of lit cigarettes is two or three times higher than these combustibles. The continuous burning time of a cigarette is about 10 to 20 minutes, which leads to a long ignition time. So we should warn comrades who smoke: 1. 2. Don't throw cigarette butts and match stalks casually, regardless of the occasion; 3. Don't smoke when repairing cars and cleaning parts; 4. Don't let ash fall on flammable materials when smoking; 5, don't look at the occasion and place; 6. Don't put unlit cigarette butts into your clothes pocket in a hurry; 7. Don't put lit cigarettes on flammable materials; 8. Don't smoke in places where fire is strictly prohibited. Common fire extinguishing methods 1. Household appliances are on fire-household appliances such as TV sets or microwave ovens suddenly smoke and catch fire. Unplug the power plug quickly when extinguishing the fire, and cut off the power supply to prevent electric shock casualties; Wrap electrical appliances with airtight items such as quilts and blankets to isolate the air; Use a fire extinguisher to put out the fire. When putting out a fire, the extinguishing agent should not be fired directly at the fluorescent screen and other parts to prevent explosion caused by thermal expansion and contraction. 2. The domestic stove is on fire-it can be sprayed directly to the fire source with a fire extinguisher; Or pour water on a burning object, or cover it with a blanket and pour some water. After the fire is put out, water more to cool it down to prevent it from rekindling. 3. The oil pan in the kitchen is on fire-never pour water into the pan at this time, otherwise a frying pan will appear when cold water meets high-temperature oil, causing oil fires to splash everywhere, leading to an increase in fires and casualties. It should be: immediately close the main gas valve, cut off the gas source, and then spray the fire extinguishing agent on the pot side or wall with a fire extinguisher to make it reflect and extinguish the fire; Or cover the oil pan with a big pot cover, or cover it with a soaked towel, or pour in a lot of vegetables to reduce the oil temperature and put out the fire. 4. The fixed furniture is on fire-when the fixed furniture is found to be on fire, you should quickly remove the flammable items next to it. If you have a fire extinguisher at home, you can pick it up and spray it on burning furniture. If there is no fire extinguisher, you can put out the fire with water such as buckets, basins and rice cookers to gain time and put out the fire in the bud. 5. Clothes and hair are on fire-clothes are on fire, so don't panic, run around and don't flap wildly, lest the wind help the fire, make it burn more violently, or ignite other combustible materials. You should leave the fire immediately, then lie down on the spot, roll your body with your hands to protect your face or press your body against the wall to put out the fire; Or wrap it in heavy clothes and crush the flames; If there is a pool nearby, or there is water in the bathtub at home, jump in and rely on the cooling of water to put out the fire. When your hair is on fire, you should be calm and don't run around. You should put away your cotton-padded clothes or towels, schoolbags, etc. quickly. On your head, then water them and put out the fire. 6. The curtain cloth is on fire-watering is most effective when the fire is small, and water should be poured on the arc above the flame; Or beat the flame with a wet broom; If it is too late to put out the fire with water, you can tear off the curtains and stamp them out with your feet. 7. Gasoline and gas are on fire-quickly close the valve and immediately put out the fire with a fire extinguisher. In the absence of a fire extinguisher, you can use sand to put out the fire, or soak a blanket on a burning object, but don't water it, otherwise the oil floating on the water will continue to burn and spread everywhere with the water, expanding the burning area and endangering the surrounding safety. 8. Alcohol solution is on fire-it can be put out with sand or covered with soaked sacks and quilts. If there is soluble foam extinguisher, it can be used to put out the fire. Because even if ordinary foam is sprayed on alcohol, it cannot form a foam layer that can isolate air on the surface of alcohol. Therefore, foam extinguisher should be the first choice to put out fires caused by alcohol and other solutions. Common sense of fire fighting and self-rescue Escape and self-rescue need skills, time is life, and self-rescue can survive. The author now provides the following escape methods for reference according to the relevant methods he usually masters. 1. If the clothes on your body cause a fire due to static electricity or careless smoking, you should take them off or tear them off quickly, or roll them up on the spot to put out the fire, but be careful not to roll them too fast. Never run in burning clothes. If there is water, it can be quickly doused with water, but when the human body is burned by fire, it must not be doused with water to prevent infection. 2. Such as dormitories, classrooms, laboratories, auditoriums, hotels, restaurants, canteens, baths, supermarkets, etc. If there is a fire, you can escape in the following ways. (1) Cover your nose with a towel and handkerchief to protect your mouth. Because the smoke in the fire has the characteristics of high temperature, high toxicity, low oxygen and high carbon monoxide, it is easy to cause respiratory system burns or nerve center poisoning after inhalation. Therefore, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel or handkerchief when evacuating (but the thickness of towels and handkerchiefs should not exceed six layers). Note: Don't evacuate with the wind, but quickly flee to the windward to avoid the fireworks. Due to the characteristics of excessive smoke gathering in the upper space during fire, the upward spread speed is fast and the lateral spread speed is slow, so don't walk upright when you escape, you should bend over or crawl forward, but when there is a fire of liquefied petroleum gas or city gas, you should not crawl forward. (2) cover and protect yourself. Cover your body with soaked cotton-padded clothes, quilts, door curtains, blankets, sacks, etc. And after determining the escape route, rush out of the fire as quickly as possible to reach a safe place, but pay attention to cover your nose and mouth to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. (3) Packaging method. If the fire across or next to the corridor is too strong to evacuate, you can retreat to a room. You can seal the door with a towel, blanket, quilt, mattress or other cloth to prevent it from being heated, or you can keep watering it to cool it down. Prevent the invasion of external flames and smoke, so as to achieve the purpose of restraining the spread speed of fire and prolonging the time. (4) the toilet refuge law. If there is a fire and there is no escape, you can take refuge in the bathroom. Because of the high humidity and low temperature in the bathroom, water can be splashed on the door and the ground to cool down, and water can also be sprayed outside the door from the crack of the door to achieve the purpose of cooling down or controlling the spread of fire. (5) Fire escape methods for multi-storey buildings. If there is a fire in a multi-storey building, when the fire is particularly fierce due to the smoke in the stairs, you can use the balcony, water valve and awning of the building to escape, you can also use ropes and fire hoses, or you can tear the sheets into strips instead of connecting them, but one end should be tightly tied to the pipes of the solid heating system or the hooks of radiators, doors and windows or other heavy objects, and then slide down the rope. (6) Forced to jump off a building to escape. If the above-mentioned self-rescue measures are taken unconditionally, and the time is tight and the threat of fireworks is serious, the low-rise building can escape by this method, but first throw some back quilts and sofa cushions on the ground to increase the buffer, and then press the windowsill to reduce the height of jumping off the building to ensure that both feet land first. 3. Fire rescue law. In case of fire, you can shout for help at the window, balcony, balcony, roof, roof or refuge floor, knock on metal objects, throw soft objects, and use the sound and light of flashlight and lighter to send out distress signals at night. Get the attention of rescuers and buy time for escape.