Rats are the fastest breeding species among mammals. Some kinds of mice can give birth to 10 seven or eight times a year. However, it only takes about a month for young mice to reach sexual maturity and start giving birth, and a pair of mice can breed a large number of groups after one year. Of course, not all individuals can survive. Climate change, predation by natural enemies, food shortage and diseases will greatly reduce the number of individuals. It is in this harsh environment that mice have evolved the ability to reproduce quickly.
Fish can often lay hundreds of eggs at a time, which is a model of winning by quantity. Others, such as cockroaches, water lice and various microorganisms, have strong reproductive ability. It can be said that all the existing species on the earth have evolved the reproductive ability to adapt to their environment, so these species have survived for millions or even hundreds of millions of years.
Of course, many species have become extinct in the long history. In addition to being eliminated by natural selection, climate change, geological disasters and human activities are the main influencing factors. For example, the dinosaurs that ruled the earth for more than 100 million years died out 6,500 years ago. Today's people can only appreciate the majestic posture of the former overlord of the earth through fossils. Disease has never been the main cause of species extinction, and even serious infectious diseases can hardly make a species disappear completely. Biological reproduction is an instinct endowed by natural laws, and the continuation of species does not depend on any drugs. Except for humans, other species do not have medical knowledge and technology. Without medicine, the earth still presents rich and colorful biodiversity.
Man is undoubtedly the most successful species in evolution. Although their reproductive ability is not strong, their ability to adapt to the environment is unmatched by other species. Since there are so many species that will not be extinct because of disease, then as the ruler of the earth, human beings will naturally not be extinct because of disease.
Apes, the ancestors of human beings, lived millions of years ago, and there was no medicine in this long history. About 200,000 years ago, mankind began to spread from Africa to the whole world. Tens of thousands of years ago, humans came to China and began to reproduce for generations. In this long process, all ethnic groups have not yet produced drugs. Even the oldest ancient Mesopotamian medicine is only a few thousand years old. It was not until about 2000 years ago that the Chinese nation appeared the bud of medicine. It can be seen that the Chinese nation, like other nations, did not rely on medicine to reproduce. Assuming that there is no Chinese medicine, the Chinese nation will not become extinct.
Others believe that the large population of the Chinese nation is the credit of Chinese medicine. However, this is not the case. Whether a population is huge or not depends on the size of the environmental space it occupies. Although the Chinese nation has a large population, the population density is not very high because of its vast territory. The population density (population per square kilometer) is 139 in China, 256 in Britain, 362 in India and 1827 in Bahrain. This does not mean that traditional medicine in Bahrain is the most advanced. Population density is influenced by many factors such as natural environment, social environment, production technology and traditional culture. The factors of species themselves are mainly reproductive ability and average life expectancy. As we all know, traditional medicine and modern medicine of all ethnic groups cannot fundamentally improve human reproductive ability, and medicine can only change the average life expectancy.
The average life span of early humans was mainly determined by food factors. With the improvement of production level, the problem of food shortage that plagues human beings has been alleviated to a considerable extent. After thousands of years of efforts, the average life expectancy of human beings has increased from less than 20 years old to about 35 years old. Although different regions have achieved this goal first and then, the process is basically the same. The improvement of life expectancy in China also benefits from the improvement of agricultural production level. For example, the introduction of potatoes, potatoes and corn has greatly increased the yield of crops and greatly reduced the death caused by hunger. The increase in life expectancy has significantly increased the population.
After the initial solution of the food problem, disease has become the primary factor to determine human mortality, and social and economic issues have taken a back seat. Diseases account for most of the causes of death, and overcoming diseases has become a more difficult problem for human beings. After thousands of years of efforts, western traditional medicine has gradually developed into modern medicine, which has greatly reduced the mortality rate of human beings and significantly prolonged the average life expectancy. After the invention of antibiotics in the 20th century, the average life expectancy in developed countries reached about 70 years.
However, Chinese medicine has not made any contribution to the fight against diseases. According to historical records and scholars' research, the average life expectancy of people in China in past dynasties was less than 18 years old in Xia and Shang Dynasties, about 20 years old in Zhou and Qin Dynasties, 22 years old in Han Dynasty, 27 years old in Tang Dynasty, 30 years old in Song Dynasty, 33 years old in Qing Dynasty and 35 years old in Republic of China. The main reasons for the long-term low life expectancy in China are the high mortality rate and the low age of death. Before natural aging leads to death, a large number of people die prematurely because of diseases.
According to the survey data of Jinling University 1929- 193 1, the mortality rate of some rural people is 28‰, the infant mortality rate is 156‰, and the average life expectancy is 34-35 years. According to the retrospective sampling survey data of family planning in China from 65438 to 0988, the infant mortality rate in China was 20 1‰ in 65438-/949, and the average life expectancy was about 39 years. After comprehensive data, it is generally believed that in the first 50 years of the 20th century, the mortality rate of China was about 20-25 ‰, the infant mortality rate was as high as 200‰, and the average life expectancy was less than 40 years, which was one of the lowest in the world at that time.
Some people think that the high mortality rate in China during this period is due to war and famine, but statistics show that disease is the real culprit. According to the population statistics of "Kanto Prefecture" consulted by Zhao Jinhui of Harbin Medical University, the number of deaths due to illness in this area accounted for more than 90% of the total deaths in 19 1938, and this figure also exceeded 80% in 1938, and the average infant mortality rate exceeded 150‰. Statistics from other regions also prove that disease is the main cause of death. Even in times of war or famine, death or hunger is not the main cause of death.
Statistics show that the main cause of death in China in 1930s was infectious diseases, followed by chronic diseases. Infectious diseases are caused by biological factors and have no direct relationship with socio-economic factors. The existing statistics prove that there is no direct correspondence between the death rate of Chinese people and war and famine during this period. In addition, members of the royal family and dignitaries are not at risk of war and disaster, and their mortality and average life expectancy are not significantly different from those of civilians. For example, the emperor of the Qing dynasty gave birth to nearly 200 children, and the average life expectancy was only about 30 years old. Members of the royal family enjoy the most superior material conditions and living environment. They can't die of hunger or natural or man-made disasters, basically they all die of disease. The emperors and daughters who provided the best medical services did not benefit from the protection of Chinese medicine.
Plague is a big problem for human beings. Before the emergence and development of modern medicine, various infectious diseases often raged and seriously threatened human health. According to historical records, since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the plague broke out and raged in China. The history of outbreak frequency is rare, and the most dangerous state lasted for more than ten years. "Five Elements Notes" said: "Many people died of illness, and some families were ruined. Everyone is afraid, and the court is worried and thinks it is the most worrying. " Zhang Zhongjing wrote in the preface to Treatise on Febrile Diseases: "There are more than 200 Yu families, which have not been twisted for ten years since Jian 'an. Two thirds of them died, and typhoid fever ranked seventh. "Even the home of the medical saint is such a terrible situation, which shows the fierceness of the plague and the incompetence of Chinese medicine. The resulting poverty and social unrest were also one of the reasons for the demise of the Han Dynasty. Since then, until the Republic of China, infectious diseases broke out repeatedly in China, and for about 2000 years, Chinese medicine has been helpless against the plague.
Traditional Chinese medicine basically knows nothing about the etiology, treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Before the Qin dynasty, Chinese medicine believed that infectious diseases were caused by ghosts and gods, and most of them were dealt with by Nuo (the ritual of exorcising ghosts); Traditional Chinese medicine represented by Zhang Zhongjing in Han Dynasty believed that the plague was caused by miasma caused by improper climate, and put forward the theory of "six qi causing disease", that is, yin, yang, wind, rain, yin and Ming, and attributed the cause to climate change; After the Song Dynasty, the theory of fetal poison appeared, which believed that the cause of infectious diseases was fetal poison.
Of course, we should not ask too much of the ancients. They didn't know that there were microorganisms, let alone that pathogenic microorganisms were the cause of infectious diseases. Therefore, the ancients could only guess and imagine infectious diseases, and there were inevitably many opinions and fallacies. Chinese medicine never recognizes microorganisms, and does not know pathogens, sources of infection and routes of infection. It is a historical fact that Chinese medicine practitioners who accompanied China people in 2000 were completely paranoid and incompetent in treating and preventing infectious diseases.
Before the introduction of modern medicine, the health of the Chinese nation could only be resigned to fate. With the spread of modern medical knowledge and methods in China, many lives of China people have been saved. For example, in 19 10, the plague broke out in the northeast, and the epidemic spread in the three northeastern provinces at an extremely fast speed in the early stage. Lian Dewu, a graduate of Cambridge University School of Medicine, was given the task of controlling the epidemic. Using modern medical knowledge, he took effective measures such as cremation, large-scale disinfection and patient isolation, cut off the route of infection and quickly contained this extremely dangerous epidemic in a short time. At that time, all the famous doctors who were treated with the theory and methods of traditional Chinese medicine died, and the old Chinese doctor himself was not spared, and his family even abandoned his body on the street.
The prevention and treatment of smallpox is a very painful lesson, which fully exposes the heinous crimes committed by Chinese medicine practitioners against the people of China under the banner of tradition and quintessence of Chinese culture. /kloc-At the end of 0/8, the vaccinia method invented by British doctor Chen Na achieved shocking results in preventing smallpox. 1805, the vaccinia method was introduced from Macau to the mainland of China, with excellent results and gradually recognized by people. The method of vaccinia is simple and easy to operate, which greatly affects the credibility and interests of Chinese medicine, such as pulse prescription, vaccine, scar treatment, pharmacy and other interest groups.
The field of traditional Chinese medicine throws out the slogan of saving the world and life, insists on preaching that smallpox comes from fetal poison, and stubbornly explains it with fallacies such as yin and yang and five elements, claiming that vaccinia is just introducing fetal poison. Some practitioners of Chinese medicine even tried their best to vilify the vaccinia law, intimidate people, and even deliberately spread the lie that vaccination is bound to lead to smallpox, resulting in a large number of ignorant people giving up vaccination and dying of smallpox. The wanton misinterpretation and disinformation of modern medicine by TCM seriously delayed the popularization of vaccinia, and smallpox became the curse of China people's life 150 years. Traditional Chinese medicine ignores people's health, exposing the inhumanity and viciousness of egoism, which is as shameless and cruel as today's Chinese medicine swindlers. China people lost the opportunity to quickly eliminate smallpox, and Chinese medicine swindlers continued to make a fortune on the bones of many people.
On the other hand, Japan soon realized the excellent effect of vaccinia method and popularized it, thus sprouting a rational thinking of firmly denying China's traditional medicine (that is, Chinese medicine). China, on the other hand, spent about 150 years and paid the price of countless lives. Its root is only the industry interests of Chinese medicine, which shows that the shamelessness of Chinese medicine swindlers and the ignorance of the people have reached a terrible level. Although it is painful to review this taboo history, it still has strong practical significance. When we have to choose between science and tradition, life and interests, where is the virtue of kindness that the Chinese nation is proud of?
In the early 1950s, the government made great efforts to prevent diseases and popularize scientific knowledge. In the process of controlling and eliminating smallpox, the whole country has adopted the vaccinia method, abandoning the theory of fetal poison in traditional Chinese medicine and countless folk remedies and secret recipes. It only took 10 years. By 1960, there were no smallpox cases in China. However, smallpox broke out again in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia from1963 to1964, and was finally eliminated in 1966.
Since 1950, the new delivery mode with disinfection as the main principle has been popularized, and the birth danger that has plagued China people for thousands of years has finally been lifted. The incidence of puerperal fever has dropped sharply, and the maternal mortality has dropped sharply. The neonatal mortality rate caused by infection decreased rapidly, and the infant mortality rate decreased year by year from 200‰, 1958 was 80.8‰, 70s was 47‰, 80s was 34‰, and 2005 was 19‰. Simple disinfection measures have saved countless lives, which is a boon of science to China people. For thousands of years, Chinese medicine believed that the diseases caused by childbirth were all due to "wind", so that a series of bad habits such as confinement and closing doors and windows appeared today.
With the popularization of modern medicine, the mortality rate of people in China has dropped significantly year by year. The average life expectancy of the population increased significantly, reaching 57 years in 1957, 63.6 years in 1973, 67.90 years in 198 1 year and 73 years in 2005.
The rapid improvement of people's quality of life in China is entirely a blessing brought by science. In the face of the grim situation, the government has taken resolute scientific measures, and has not let the Chinese medicine community tangle on these key issues at random. In the face of these immediate and effective facts, the field of Chinese medicine was completely humiliated and speechless, so it had to retreat to the field of chronic diseases and incurable diseases. For a long time, the interface of Chinese medicine has never dared to cross the line of acute infectious diseases. However, we must be wary that in recent years, people in the field of Chinese medicine have claimed that Chinese medicine can prevent and treat SARS and even treat AIDS. This is just a poor copy of smallpox in traditional Chinese medicine in the last century. We must resolutely refute and stop this vicious and cruel behavior.
Looking back at the history of China in the 20th century, in less than 100 years, the death rate and average life expectancy have undergone earth-shaking changes, and the quality of life of the people in China has improved rapidly. In this process, apart from socio-economic factors, the widespread popularization of modern medicine and the application of advanced medical achievements are more direct and effective. China people have doubled their average life expectancy in just a few decades because they shared the scientific achievements of mankind. The last time, the average life expectancy doubled (18 ~ 35 years old), it took about 3,000 years. Traditional Chinese medicine has failed to show the effect of overcoming diseases for thousands of years, and there is no convincing and popular treatment method so far. Without modern medicine, the Chinese nation was still struggling in the tragic situation of a hundred years ago in the flicker of Chinese medicine. Looking back at that not-so-distant history, shouldn't we pay the highest respect to science? Everyone who is honest and conscientious can't deny that science has benefited the people of China and protected the lives of people in China.