(1) This word is definitely the work of Yue Fei! By the railing, it's raining and resting. Looking up, screaming in the sky, strong and fierce. Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon. Don't wait to see young people's heads, empty and sad! Jingkang shame, still not snow; When will courtiers hate it? Drive a long car and break through the shortcomings of Helan Mountain! Eat pork when you are hungry, and drink Hun blood when you are thirsty. Stay and clean up the old mountains and rivers from the beginning, facing the sky! ("Man Jiang Hong") In the works of ancient and modern poets, the breadth, duration and influence are probably not as great as the word "Man Jiang Hong" copied above. According to legend, this word was written by Yue Fei, a famous Southern Song Dynasty star. Yue Fei is a farmer in Hebei Province. As a teenager, he worked as a tenant in the descendants' home of Han Qi, a great bureaucrat in Anyang in the Northern Song Dynasty. Twenty years later, he joined the army. During his military career of nearly 20 years, he made immortal contributions in the field of the War of Resistance Against Gold. At the age of 39, he was framed and killed by Zhao Gou and Qin Gui. As a military commander with such a background, is he capable of filling in such a word? In other words, is this "Man Jiang Hong" really the work of Yue Fei? My answer is yes: Yue Fei has the ability to write lyrics, and this song "Man Jiang Hong" was indeed written by Yue Fei. Although () in the Chronicle of the King of Hubei (the biography of Yue Fei in the Song Dynasty was completely born out of this book), it is not completely credible that Yue Fei "read everything when he was a teenager, especially Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals and Sun Tzu and Wu's The Art of War". However, at the beginning of Zhao Gou's administration, Yue Fei was offended and fired for being able to "write a letter about things". At this time, Yue Fei's rank is still very humble. Naturally, there will be no staff ghostwriting for him, but he will draft and copy himself. This is enough to prove that his cultural level at that time was quite good. The Ten Volumes of Yue Fei's Works collected by York in the name of collection includes self-reciting, official letters, calligraphy, metrical poems, lyrics and inscriptions. Although memorials and official letters must be written by aides, poems and inscriptions must be written by Yue Fei himself. This shows that Yue Fei has the ability to write the word "Man Jiang Hong". Judging from the ideological content of some inscriptions and poems written for Yue Fei, it can also be proved that the word "Manjianghong" must have been written by Yue Fei. The following are some quotes: 1. In the four years since the proposal was made (1 130), Yue Fei was stationed in Yixing County and went to nearby Guangdejun on business. On the wall of Jinsha Temple, he wrote an inscription saying: I am stationed in Yixing, a private soldier, and I am here to accompany the monk. However, once he made great achievements, passed the three customs and met the double saints, the Song Dynasty was revived and China became strong. When he passes this, he will get a golden stone, which will be very fast! On April 12, four years of advice, Heshuo Yuefei wrote it. Second, after Yue Fei led more than a thousand fighters back to Yixing from Guangde Army, in June of the same year, he wrote an inscription on the screen of Zhang Danian's home in Zhang Zhu Town, Yixing County: When the original version was swinging, the gold thief was driving like no one's land, and the general was incompetent, so it was not as strong as the Great Wall. I was angry. He started from the same stage. He always joined the army and fought more than 200 wars in a small calendar. Today, I went to first base alone, revived Yixing, the city of health, and recovered it in one fell swoop. Thieves swarmed into the river and fled in panic. I hate myself for not waiting for a horse! Now let's stop fighting and raise troops and save our strength for the enemy. If the imperial court sees it, it will give it armor to make it complete ... that is, when you go deep into the imperial court, tie the thief master, kill the bloody horse, kill all the foreign species, welcome the two saints back to Beijing, and take the old place to publish again. He's having a good time this time. Make great efforts! When this heart breaks out, heaven and earth know it, and those who know me know it. Looking at the sun in June of the fourth year of Jianyan, why say it? (This is a quotation from Zhao Yanwei's "Cloudy Road Overflowing Tide". This article is also included in the anthology compiled by York, and the sentence is relatively short, entitled "Wuyue Temple Alliance". (3) In the second year of Shaoxing (1 132), in July, Yue Fei entered Hunan for pursuing the bandits of Cao Cheng, an army thief. When his class passed Dayinggang, Qiyang County, Yongzhou, it also wrote a sentence, which read: Shuai Yue Feiquan of Hunan was ordered to beg Cao Cheng to go to his lair in Guiyuexiang. I miss the two saints and go to the desert. The world is quiet and I swear to be loyal and filial. Thanks to Guowei, the monarch is wise and wise, and will one day clean up Land Rover and return to the motherland, welcome the two palaces to the DPRK, and forgive the emperor's worries. It is not enough to care about a large group of bees and ants! After that, because I stayed in the wall. Shaoxing, July 7th, two years. (Collected Works, Volume 10, ed.) Fourth, Volume 1 of Bin Tuilu written by Zhao in the Southern Song Dynasty has a note: Shaoxing is ugly (according to the three years of Shaoxing, that is, 1 133), and he started his army as a pious and auspicious thief, and unveiled a new poem, the wall of the Temple in the city. Drive away stubborn evil and drive without asking Wan Huhou who went to the altar. During the Spring Festival, Lin Ling (catalpa) tried to carve it on a stone, but he would stop. The temple was abandoned and the walls were dead. His grandson's "collection" is a pity for those who have not told it. 5. In the tenth volume of York's Collection, there are also two metrical poems, neither of which indicates the time and place of writing. One of the songs is called "Ticuiyan Temple", and the full text is: Qiu Feng River is stationed in Julian Waghann and temporarily sneaked into Yunshan. Loyalty and righteousness will be clear, and fame will be straight. The mountains are roaring, but the deserts are fierce. After three passes to meet the enemy and two saints, Chief Jin swept away and ran away. There are two sentences here: "The autumn wind stays on the river in Julian Waghann" and "Why are the mountains quiet?" . Their writing time may be after suppressing the uprising masses in Ganzhou and Jizhou, or after pursuing the secluded mouth led by Cao Cheng, or before and after suppressing the uprising masses in Huxiang area led by Yang Yao. Although it is hard to say when, it should always be written in Shaoxing within two to five years, but it can be judged. The title of another poem is "Sending Floating Pictures to the Sea", and the full text is: Lushan Mountain spends a few autumn days, and the Yangtze River flows eastward. The man was determined to help the royal family, and the Lord devoted himself to destroying the chief. The results should be published in Yanshi, and will be accompanied by Akamatsu when returning home. Ding Ning sent a message to Lao, and the Dutch Society will focus on repairing it from now on. Yue Fei lived in Lushan twice for mourning and taking over Liu Guangshi's army. It is estimated that his acquaintance with Futu Huihai should be during this period. Therefore, the writing time of this seven-character poem should be seven years after he returned to Shaoxing Ezhou Military Camp at the earliest, and before or after Shaoxing entered the Central Plains for ten years to fight against the Nuzhen fighters at the latest. All the poems and inscriptions quoted above express Yue Fei's patriotic thoughts (the word "country" only refers to the Song regime, not "China"), which can prove that he never forgets to avenge his father and his country at any time and place: he pacified Cao Cheng, an army thief who fled Hunan, but said that his only wish was to "clean up the Land Rover". He rose up to suppress the peasant uprising army in Qian Ji, but said that it was only for the purpose of "getting rid of stubborn evil (referring to the Nuzhen invaders) and returning to the car"; He has repeatedly said that he wants to "make contributions, overcome ugliness, go through three customs and meet two saints", "go deep into the imperial court, tie the thief's master, and kill the horse before blood"; He has repeatedly said that "the water will be clear in due course", "I want to be near the town", "I want to publish my achievements in Yanshi" and "the golden toast will be swept away and captured". According to their artistic conception and feelings, these sentences in these poems and inscriptions quoted above can be said to be completely "indistinguishable" from the word "Manjianghong". Isn't it that "Man Jiang Hong" that washed these sentences, rearranged them with the combination of reality and reality, and wrote them in the style of long and short sentences? In the poems Titiyan Temple, "fame goes straight to the edge of town" and "sending floating pictures to the sea", the interest expressed seems to be inconsistent with the meaning of Man Jianghong's "thirty fame, dust", but it is not. The first two sentences express his wishes. After he won the title of great official of our time, and compared with his ambition, he felt that this was not because of the "edge of the town", and this "achievement" was far from being engraved on the Yanran Mountain. Of course, he will be regarded as "dust and dirt & rdquo yes. Based on the above, I think there is sufficient reason and basis to make such a judgment: it is the same person who wrote the lyrics of this poem "Man Jiang Hong" and quoted those "inscriptions" and those poems in the text, that is, Yue Fei, a famous Southern Song Dynasty. (2) Several arguments and arguments denying that Yue Fei is the author of this poem. Since the word "Man Jiang Hong" was read by the world, until the 1930s, no one ever questioned whether this word was written by Yue Fei. By the end of 1930s, Mr. Yu Jiaxi's "A Brief Analysis of Four Treasures of the Study" was published, including an abstract about Yue Wumu's legacy in "Official from Four Treasures of the Study to Xu Jie in Ming Dynasty". For the first time, he asserted that Yue Fei did not write the word "Manjianghong" in the suicide note (that is, Le Ji), and said: When it comes to the word "Manjianghong", it is [Hongzhi], but it is doubtful that Guan did not say why he relied on this book and what he saw in it. ..... The word "Manjianghong" didn't mention the year and month, nor did it say where it was written, so there was no flaw to refer to, but it didn't exist in Song and Yuan Dynasties. It was suspected that the Ming people had entrusted it by mistake. [Sang] Yue Ji (according to reports, this refers to the inscription of Poems for the Northern Expedition written by Sang Yue, see Volume 5 of Yue Ji compiled by Xu) has the language of "breaking through the shortage of Helan Mountain", so it is not known who wrote it before, but it is actually false. ..... Since Xu Jie accepted this kind of poem into Yue Ji, Li Zhen followed suit, and Qian Rujing carved the History of the Death between Jiajing and Jiajing, which was taken at the end of the attached volume. Such as, Huang Bangning, Sheng, etc. They are all re-edited from The History of the Dead, and Li Zhen and Shan Yao are even more forgeries, which are spread all over the world, among which the word "Man Jiang Hong" is particularly popular. Although all the women are obedient, they don't know it is a copy. However, the fake is real, starting from Xu Jie. The order is not enough, and the ministers of Siku have no identification! Or: "There is no doubt about the authenticity of the poem, if there is no evidence for the authenticity of the word" Manjianghong ". Among them, there are sentences such as' Don't treat youth with white head and empty sorrow' and' Eat pork when you are hungry and drink Hun blood when you are thirsty', which are enough to inspire the weather vane and serve the country faithfully, which is of great benefit to people all over the world. Why is the son sitting on a fake with suspected words? " It should be said: "the study of textual research is also in ancient books, but if you want to test the authenticity of their texts, you don't have to ask them right and wrong." ..... Wu Mu's so-called "Man Jiang Hong" is believed, but sometimes it is regarded as a "classic". I don't know what he said. He never said anything ... Why don't I doubt it? If you doubt, your words will not be invalidated because of me, but you can listen to its popularity. I haven't seen it in York, nor in Wang E's books. It was prominent in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and scholars must know it. "These opinions of Mr. Yu should be said to have a certain weight. Therefore, this theory has been accepted by many people in academic circles, and Mr. Xia is one of them. 196 1 Textual Research on Yue Fei's Man Jiang Hong written by Mr. Xia in (it has been included in the Collection of Mingyue Ci published by Zhonghua Book Company). In addition to accepting Mr. Yu's statement, he further made a new conclusion, not only that "the word" Man Jiang Hong "was not written by Yue Fei", but also that "what Mr. Yu did not put forward and Mr. Xia repeatedly demonstrated was the sentence" Treading through the lack of Helan Mountain "in this poem. The doubts he cited are: 1. According to geographical knowledge, Yue Fei should go straight to Huanglongfu, which is now Jilin, and Helan Mountain is in the northwest of Gansu, west of Hetao. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it belonged to Xixia, a non-Jin area. If this word is really written by Yue Fei, it shouldn't be facing the opposite direction! 2. People in the Southern Song Dynasty actually refer to the Song-Jin frontier fortress, which is commonly used in the Big Three Pass north of Xingyuan (Hanzhong) (Lu You's poems: Iron Riding in the Autumn Wind, Big Three Junctions and Another Autumn), etc. ), and no one has used Helan Mountain; Because Helan Mountain belonged to Xingqing House on the border of Xixia at that time, it was separated from the border of Southern Song Dynasty by Jinguojing, Qingyuan Road and Fengxiang Road in the Weihe River Basin. If Jin attacks Xixia, it can be said that he has "broken through the lack of Helan Mountain", which the Southern Song people would never say. ..... In the word "Manjianghong", it was the Ming people who wrote this word who spoke about the geographical situation and consciousness of the times at that time. 3. The northern minorities in Ming Dynasty were Tatars. Tatars entered Hetao and harassed the northeast and northwest, from the middle period to the Ming Dynasty. …… The Biography of Wang Yue in the first 17 1 volume of Ming Dynasty also said: In the eleventh year of Hongzhi, Xiaozong invaded Helan Mountain with Kou and his lair, and disturbed the border several times, but was' suppressed' by two ways. "This is the first victory of the Han nationality of the Ming Dynasty against the Tatars in Helan Mountain. ..... We can imagine,&; "ldquo breaks through the lack of Helan Mountain" was really the slogan of the Anti-Japanese War in the middle of Ming Dynasty, which would never happen in the Southern Song Dynasty. 4. There is a "Song General Yue Zhong" in Yuan Dynasty's zaju, 40% of which was sung by Yue Fei alone, and no one quoted this song "Man Jiang Hong". The first verse of "Parasitic Grass" says: "I hate this ugly Khitan, so I learn from Guan Yi and kill Yinshan Road. & amprdquo cloud "Yinshan Mountain" instead of "Helan Mountain". ..... At that time, if you had seen this song "Man Jiang Hong", would you let it go? It can be seen that this song "Man Jiang Hong" was no longer circulated in the Yuan Dynasty. Since Helan Mountain was the main place where Han Chinese and Tatars competed in the Ming Dynasty, and Wang Yue was the main commander who defeated Tatars in Helan Mountain, Mr. Xia went on to infer that the word "Manjianghong" was written by a scribe in his shogunate, if not Wang Yue. He said: 5. Wang Yue was a famous border guard in the Ming Dynasty and a hero of Helan, who was over 70 years old. This winter, because the admonition officer beat eunuch Li Guang, he was implicated and died in Ganzhou. He is a scholar who has been a scholar, and has repeatedly made outstanding achievements in the army. Gong Shi Qian recorded his 15 works in the third episode of Poems of Past Dynasties, saying that he was "drunk and wrote thousands of words, which made people think and lament". This kind of meritorious military service and his unfortunate political experience in Hongzhi for eleven years may have considerable influence among the literati at that time; The word "Helan Mountain" in this word may be related to this. If, as I guess, the author of this word is someone who has participated in this struggle or has strong feelings about it, it may be a literate general of Wang Yue generation (their identity is the same as that of Yue Fei) or a scribe of the border shogunate. After Mr. Wang and Mr. Xia raised the above problems, as far as I know, it seems that no one has discussed this issue for a long time. It was not until last year that I read in the newspaper that many scholars at home and abroad expressed their views on this issue. However, although the views are quite different, most of the materials and arguments used by each other are not used by Mr. Yu and Mr. Xia. So I will only discuss the opinions of Mr. Yu and Mr. Xia. (III) My answer to the above questions The first question I want to answer is: If the word "Man Jiang Hong" was really written by Yue Fei, why wasn't it collected by Yue Lin and York? According to York's Collection Preface, his father, Yue Lin, really made great efforts to collect all kinds of works of Yue Fei, but York himself didn't do this work, just finishing and printing. Let's look at his original words again: my father, Lin Gai, tried to search for old news and refer to similarities and differences. These old news were recorded by old officials, handed down, prepared in Tang essays or recorded by officials. Pick it up unprepared and taste it with life to end its ambition. Send you a message, in which 36 174 words are divided into ten volumes, and the end of the volume is missing for the benefit. ..... different, if you don't succeed, you will be the first to look for it, so as to make up for it and prepare for its legacy. …& amp； This preface of hellip was written in the third year of Jiatai (1203) and the first year of Duanping (1234), and York re-engraved Jinwan Compilation (Collection) and Jinwan Creep. That is to say, the seven lines of Bing Tuilu, which quoted Yue Fei's New Topic Xiao Temple Wall, were published at the end of Jiading (1224) or the beginning of Baoqing (1225) before being included. If York really wants to "find" and "fill in the blanks", it can't be adopted. (The inscription written by Yue Fei in Zhang Danian's home in Yixing County in Cloud Road Full of Nest quoted above has more words and more details than the Wuyue Temple League recorded by York in the Collection. Full Nest was published in the second year of Kathy (1206), and bjork reprinted Set 27 years earlier. However, York did not take this as a lesson or change its text, but marked an extremely puzzling "wuyue Temple League" as the title, which also shows that York did not work hard enough to find the legacy of Yue Fei. ) We can't deny that Yue Fei's poem "The New Wall of Xiao Temple" was written because it has never been included in the anthology. Similarly, just because the word "Man Jiang Hong" is not included in York, we can't conclude that it is not Yue Fei's work. The second question to answer is, why is the word "Manjianghong" not included in the notes and miscellaneous books of Song and Yuan Dynasties? In my opinion, just because I haven't seen it, I can't assert that this work has never appeared in books of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Imagine that the works of the Song and Yuan Dynasties included in the Yongle Dadian in the early Ming Dynasty were later gone. It can be inferred from the Song and Yuan works compiled from Yongle Dadian when compiling Sikuquanshu in Qing Dynasty that there must be quite a few books that have not been compiled. How can we conclude that this word was not included in a book in the Southern Song Dynasty, which was still seen by Sang Yue, Zhao Kuan and others in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and was used to carve the stone Yue Temple, but it was later lost? Fortunately, Zhao Heshi's "Bing Tuilu" has never been lost, while Xu Jie's "Yue Ji" is unclear about the poem on the wall of Xiao Temple. If Bing Tuilu is unfortunately lost after the middle of Ming Dynasty, it is really doubtful that this poem is also a "fake" under the guise of Ming Dynasty. The third question to answer is, did the word "Manjianghong" really appear for the first time when Zhao Kuan wrote stone carvings during Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty? Really from Xu Jie's "confusing the real with the fake &; Rdquo, really? In the Yue Temple in tangyin county, Henan Province, there is still a stone tablet engraved with the word "Man Jiang Hong" (see attached figure), which was written by a scholar named Wang Xi in tangyin county in the second year of Tianshun, Ming Yingzong (1458). The whole word * * * has written five lines, only the last sentence is "Jin Chao Que", which is slightly different from the popular reading "Chaotian Que" and the rest are the same. After these five lines, it is clearly written that the word "Right Man Jiang Hong" is Song Shaobao, Yue E Wu Wangmu &; Rdquo* * * Fifteen characters.