general situation

Sutong Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge under construction on the Yangtze River. It is located between Jiangsu Province, Nantong City and Changshu City (Suzhou) and is expected to open to traffic in 2009. As the largest cable-stayed bridge in the world, the main span of the bridge is 1088 meters, the navigation clearance is 62 meters, the total length of the river-crossing bridge is 8206 meters, and the connecting line between the two sides is 24.2 kilometers. The total investment of the project is 6.45 billion yuan.

Recent development

Sutong Bridge was completed on June 20, 2007, and the whole line was connected.

essay

China, which has been developing continuously for nearly 30 years, is emerging a number of world-class super-large projects, which will become the milestone and symbol of the new era.

(1) Up to now, 64 bridges/kloc-0 have been built on the Yangtze River. Except the old bridges such as Wuhan and Nanjing, they were all built in the past 30 years. The nearest Jiangyin Bridge is the fourth largest suspension bridge in the world and Runyang Bridge is the third largest suspension bridge in the world.

Sutong Bridge to be closed is 165. Although it is by no means the last one in time, it is the last one at the end of the river in space. Because the geological conditions are more difficult than Jiangyin and Runyang Bridges, it is impossible to use suspension cables, and only stay cables can be used. With an investment of 6.45 billion yuan, this bridge is the largest twin-tower cable-stayed bridge in the world today. Its arduous project, huge scale and high technology, plus four "world's best" records, make it represent the highest level of bridge construction in China and even the world, and it is called the bridge of the world-Mount Everest. The famous American National Geographic magazine made an exclusive interview and report on Sutong Bridge with the title of "Unparalleled Project". Therefore, it is enough to be called "the first bridge in the world".

(2)

Of China's 9.6 million square kilometers, the Yangtze River Delta is about 40,000 square kilometers, the youngest in geology, with a history of only 6-7,000 years. Prior to this, the Yangtze River estuary was located in Zhenjiang area. The Wanli Yangtze River, which originated in Jianggen, as a glacier dripping water, flows eastward into the sea with a drop of more than 5,000 meters, and washes away a lot of sediment in Xijiang River. To the sea, the river is open, the water potential is gentle, and the sediment is deposited. About 500-600 billion tons of sand are deposited every year. It has been alluvial here for more than 6,000 years, and sediment deposition has formed a fan delta with a thickness of about 100 meter and an area of 40,000 square kilometers.

This delta, which flies from Xijiang River, now starts from Zhenjiang in the west, reaches the Toarey Yang Canal in the north and Hangzhou Bay in the south. There are not only endless sandstorms here, but also thousands of years of cultural accumulation. Due to the repeated invasions of nomadic cavalry in the north in history, the cultural elites in the Yellow River valley moved southward again and again, from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Southern Ming Dynasty was destroyed. Groups of rich and noble people have not only brought soft treasures to the Yangtze River basin, but also brought endless cultural heritage. Although the Yangtze River Delta has the youngest geology, it is the most prosperous and affluent area in China. By 20 10, the per capita GDP here will reach 6000 dollars. The cultural heritage here is profound, and the national quality is generally high, with as many as 220 academicians alone.

In Jiangyin, 82 kilometers west of the bridge, there is a stone engraved with the words "Jiang Weihaitou", which is a portrayal of more than 2,000 years ago. Now the end of the river and the head of the sea have moved to the east side of the bridge. The river here is 6 kilometers wide and 30 meters deep with thick smoke. When there is no wind, the wave height is 1 to 3 meters, and the huge waves rise steeply. The north-south highway came to an abrupt end, forming an insurmountable gap. Vehicles can only cross the river by ro-ro ships. When encountering strong winds, the river is often closed for several days, and the traffic is long. Now that the bridge has been built, it will make the north-south traffic unimpeded.

We took an engineering motorboat and headed for the center of the river. I see that the Sutong Bridge, which is close at hand, is like a rainbow, tall and straight, but there is a ray of homesickness on the river. This is not only the yearning for the wanderer's return, but also reminds me of a heroic war here 70 years ago. As early as 1932, during the Sino-Japanese War of "12.8" in Shanghai, General Baichuan, the Japanese invaders, commanded his marines to land at the Liuhekou on the east side of the bridge, forcing the 19th Route Army to withdraw from the Shanghai position. 1937 "August 13th" Shanghai Defence War. China invested in the most elite divisions, with more than 300,000 casualties, including General 10. Although the Japanese army suffered heavy casualties of 65,438+10,000, it failed to hold Shanghai. In Jiangyin fortress on the west side of the bridge, another fierce naval battle began. In late September of that year, the First Fleet of China Navy with two main warships was completely annihilated after shooting down more than 20 enemy planes, and more than 20 warships and hundreds of civilian ships sank to the bottom of the river. 165438+1October 12, Shanghai fell, but the Japanese still could not break through jiangyin fortress. During the period of 65438+ February, Jiangyin Fort was ordered to evacuate eastward after sacrificing more than 200 soldiers. Soon the Japanese army marched straight into Nanjing and slaughtered 300,000 of my compatriots.

(3)

History dies with the river. I look up at the sky and see clouds and water leisurely. Time and space change, between the blue sky and clear water, a 32.4-kilometer-long Sutong Bridge is about to be closed.

1 13 pier river-crossing bridge is 8 146 meters long, with 92 piers standing in the river. Among them, piers 68 and 69 are the main towers, and the cost of each pier is about 600 million yuan, which is the most spectacular project. The pier is114m long and 48m wide, which is equivalent to the size of a football field. The thickness is about 9 meters, and the concrete is 50,000 cubic meters. There is 13 1 pier under the pier, and the length is 120. The world's largest cable-stayed bridge span1088m, the longest stay cable 577m, the largest pile group foundation 13 1 and the highest main tower 300.4m. ..

On the piers of the two main towers, a giant tower in the shape of a "human" is erected, each tower is as high as 300.4 meters. This is far higher than the tower of the Japanese Totoro Bridge, which is 224 meters high, and is currently the first in the world. It is also 6 meters higher than the Stonecutters Bridge tower under construction in Hong Kong, ranking the highest tower in the world, setting a second world record.

Each pylon has 68 steel cables extending to both sides, with a total of 136 pairs and 272 steel cables, forming four groups of herringbone, each group has 34 herringbone, and the 2088-meter main bridge is pulled by these 136 pairs of steel cables hooked into herringbone. The span of the two main piers is1088m, which is longer than the 890m of the world's largest span cable-stayed bridge (Japanese Totoro Bridge)198m. Compared with the Stonecutters Island Cable-stayed Bridge 10 18m span under construction in Hong Kong, it is also 70 meters longer. This is the third world record.

These four groups of herringbone cables grow larger outward, and the four characters at the outermost end are the largest. Each of the eight stay cables is 577 meters long and weighs 59 tons, which is longer than the longest stay cable of Tomoro Bridge in Japan 100 meters. This is the fourth world record.

The four groups of herringbone cables under the blue sky are like harps in western musical instruments and graceful ones in Chinese musical instruments. Under the sunshine, it is so neat, symmetrical and beautiful. Jiang Lai, it seems that the wind plucked the strings, the sound all over the sky. This is a symphonic poem, a March, which played the cadenza of Acura's great era.

Looking up at these characters 136 in different sizes from the river, people think that this is a sign of "people-oriented"! Each "person" just represents100000 China people. Because the bridge is far away from the city, with the vast fields on both sides as the background, it gives people a peaceful, quiet and elegant aesthetic mood. The momentum is so great, the lines are so smooth, the shape is so beautiful, the rhythm is so harmonious, and the colors are so beautiful. Scenery is a state of mind. Such magnificent scenery reflects the vigorous and uplifting mental state of the people in contemporary China.

(4)

We disembarked from the north main pier and took the construction elevator to the bridge deck. The bridge is 35 meters wide and has six lanes, which is connected with the cross-strait expressway. Walking on the wide and flat bridge deck, the surging river is at your feet. At this moment, Fang suddenly realized the artistic conception of "natural barrier becomes thoroughfare"

Opposite the Suzhou area, you can go directly after closing in a few days. There are 100,000 embroidered mothers in Suzhou, and Suzhou embroidery is famous all over the world. The bridge will bring a thoroughfare, turning the north and south of the Yangtze River into a magnificent scene of Suzhou embroidery. The traffic on the bridge is like a shuttle, with a daily flow of 40 thousand vehicles.

Nantong has long been one of the coastal open cities of 14, and it is farther south than Zhenjiang in latitude. However, due to the separation of a river, "Nantong is difficult to reach the south" and does not belong to southern Jiangsu. In recent years, the economic growth rate is even lower than that of Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. Not to mention other northern Jiangsu areas.

I often compare the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei to printmaking. Black and white, the gap between the rich and the poor is wide, and there is no interaction. And compare the development of ink painting in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Ink and wash are dipped and rendered on rice paper, and there is no obvious boundary. Shanghai interacts with the whole Yangtze River Delta. However, because of this natural barrier, it hinders the penetration of ink and wash, which makes the development of Jiangbei area lag behind.

The Yangtze River Delta has the sixth largest urban agglomeration in the world, but it is mostly concentrated in the south of the Yangtze River. Most of the top ten of the top 100 counties in China are located here. After the completion of the bridge, it only takes 1 hour from Nantong to Shanghai. The bridge connects Tongyan Expressway in the north and Sujiahang Expressway in the south. It can make the north-south economy inextricably linked, weave a huge urban network, and form the Yangtze River Delta leader with Shanghai as the core. This can drive the whole Yangtze River Economic Belt to take off like a dragon.

The reason why the bridge spent a huge sum of money to build such a huge tower pier is for the navigation of the entire Yangtze River golden waterway. The main span 1088m makes the clear width of the main channel 89 1m and the clear height of the bridge 62m, which can be used by 50,000-ton container ships. At present, there are up to 6000 ships a day. On both sides of this river, there are many ports, which are busy day and night. The wharf here has reached more than 300 ports in 160 countries and regions. The economy of the Yangtze River Delta has gone global and integrated into the world, and is making contributions to building a harmonious world.

(5)

According to recent newspaper reports, Jiangsu Provincial Communications Department put forward the slogan "Ten years of pavement, a century of bridge". The basic structure and quality standards of the bridge are required by the century-old plan. The preliminary work of Sutong Bridge started on 199 1, and the engineering feasibility study started on 1999, and started on June 27th, 2003. It's really "grinding a sword in ten years." More than 200 Chinese and foreign experts in various fields, including 68 academicians, and more than 30 universities and research institutes participated. Carry out multi-field and interdisciplinary research on the "Ten Key Technologies" and widely adopt various new technologies, structures, materials, new processes and new equipment. A detailed scheme is made, and various tests such as wind tunnel, earthquake resistance and materials are carried out. Thanks to the innovative system combining enterprises with Industry-University-Research, the project has a large number of independent innovation intellectual property rights. This not only ensures the excellent engineering indexes of the bridge, but also accumulates rich experience for design, construction, management and operation, and trains a large number of talents. Especially the formation of innovation system, it can be said that there would be no Sutong Bridge without innovation, and scientific and technological innovation is the foundation and motivation for the successful completion of Sutong Bridge. The completion of this bridge indicates that China's bridge-building technology has reached the international top level, and China has entered the ranks of the world's bridge powers. In the future, you can calmly enter the international bridge market and bid for work.

China not only built the Zhao Zhouqiao that continues to this day more than 2,500 years ago. Also in 1705 (forty-three years in Shen Kang), the world's largest Luding iron cable bridge was built on the Dadu River, with a length of 200 meters and a width of 2.8 meters. It has been used for more than 300 years. It was not until 174 1 that the first iron chain bridge appeared on the Tis River in Europe, with a length of only 20 meters and a width of 0.63 meters. However, after the industrialization in the west, bridge technology has changed with each passing day, setting various world records. Up to now, the Humbil Bridge, which was built in England 198 1 year, has the largest span, reaching 14 10 meter. But this is a suspension bridge. As for the cable-stayed bridge, Sutong Bridge still leads in setting four world records. With the continuous development of technology, the world record of any building cannot be maintained forever. We sincerely hope that someone can break these four records.

Sutong Bridge is the pride of China. Because the expressway is completely closed, pedestrians can't get on the bridge, so there will be a bridgehead park on both sides. Among them, there is a viewing platform for tourists to take pictures and a bridge exhibition hall, which will surely become a patriotic education base.

When I left Nantong with the manuscript of Sutong Bridge Preface, I was still uneasy. Shortly after I returned to Beijing, I happened to attend the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC). I met Commissioner Jin at the meeting and asked him to correct me. He gave a high evaluation and affirmation, thinking that the writing style is popular, the realm is elegant, catchy and easy to recite. Therefore, a corner of your magazine is published to the public for your opinion. The full text is as follows:

Sutong bridge preface

Throughout the ages, the sediment is endless, and the Yangtze River flows into the sea. The sea gradually changes, and the Xijiang River flies to the delta.

The Yangtze River Delta won our gold. The geology is the youngest and the prosperity is the first in the country. At the end of the river, the sea is vast and steep. Stop on the road, cross the gap, cross the boat. Nowadays, a bridge runs through the north and south, and logistics vehicles compete freely.

The small bridge crosses Changhong, the river cage is homesick, and the clouds and water are long. There are two male towers in the middle of the river and hundreds of pairs of herringbone hooks. Like a harp, like a harp, the wind plucks the strings all over the sky. Symphonic poems, marches and cadenzas.

The natural moat becomes a thoroughfare, and the thoroughfare becomes Suzhou embroidery. Sutong Bridge is like a shuttle, inextricably linked. Weaving city net embroidery faucet. Ten thousand ships disembarked from Sutong Bridge, and the night in coastal ports was like day. The economy is connected with the whole world and in harmony with the five continents.

Ten years of pavement, a hundred years of bridge structure, exquisite skills and excellent results. Four world records, and then wait for anyone in the world to break it.

Seventy years old, I'm sorry. It's hard to be clumsy. Keep this in the comments.

It is reported that Sutong Bridge is also the most important "bayonet" of Jiangsu coastal passage. After the bridge is completed and opened to traffic, it will open the coastal river crossing channel and effectively promote the realization of Jiangsu's coastal development strategic objectives. At the same time, it will completely change the "communication difficulty" situation in Nantong, shorten the time from Nantong to Shanghai to 1 hour, and become one of the "one-hour metropolitan areas in Shanghai".