This is the first pair of Spring Festival couplets in ancient China, which was written by Meng Changjun, a great master of Houshu. The main idea of the first couplet is: enjoy the legacy of the previous generation in the new year; The main idea of the second couplet is that festivals indicate that spring is always there.
Literally, "New Year" and "Jia Festival" are compound words, which have a positive relationship and have the same meaning: a new festival, a beautiful festival. "that" is a verb, meaning "enjoy"; "Hao" is a proper noun here, which means: the name of this festival is Spring Festival; When the Spring Festival comes, spring will always be there. "Qing Yu" versus "Changchun", the former is to celebrate surplus money, surplus grain, etc. The latter is "enjoying the blessings left by the previous generation to the next generation."
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As early as before the Qin and Han dynasties, there was a custom of hanging peach symbols in the New Year. The so-called Fu Tao refers to writing the names of the legendary gods "Shen Tu" and "Lei Yu" on two mahogany boards and hanging them on the left and right doors to exorcise ghosts and eliminate evil spirits.
This custom lasted for more than 1000 years. In the Five Dynasties, people began to paste couplets on mahogany boards. According to Song Shi Shu Jia, Meng Chang, the master of Shu after five dynasties, "on New Year's Eve every year, the bachelor was given a word, inscribed with a peach symbol, and a bedroom door was placed around him. At the end of the year (964), the bachelor Xin wrote a poem, saying that because he was not working, he made a poem on the pretence:' New Year, there is no A Festival. Changchun'. " This is the earliest Spring Festival couplets in China.
After the Song Dynasty, it has become quite common for people to hang Spring Festival couplets in the New Year. In Wang Anshi's poems, the phrase "Thousands of households always change new peaches for old ones" is a true portrayal of the grand occasion at that time. Because the appearance of Spring Festival couplets is closely related to Fu Tao, the ancients also called Spring Festival couplets "Fu Tao".
It was not until the Ming Dynasty that people used red paper instead of red boards, and the Spring Festival couplets that we see today came into being. In the Qing dynasty, all the scholars regarded the title association as an elegant thing. Booksellers are willing to use this reward to give answers, and literati also like to hang this elegant on the wall and write couplets. Couplets were also introduced to Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Singapore and other countries, and these countries still retain the custom of posting couplets.