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Distinguish: Joining the World Trade Organization is an important milestone and great opportunity for China to open to the outside world, as long as we seize it.
This paper holds that China's entry into the World Trade Organization will bring ten major impacts on China's economy: 1, which will promote the process of reform and opening up;

2. Optimize the allocation of resources and adjust the industrial structure;

3. Promote the development of export trade;

4. Strengthen competition and enhance the vitality of enterprises;

5. Accelerate attracting foreign investment and promote economic growth;

6. Participate in the system of world trade rules.

Set and safeguard their own economic interests;

7. Create favorable conditions for China to solve international trade disputes;

8. It will have a certain impact on the economy of China;

9. It will bring positive effects of market expansion;

10, the employment structure will undergo major changes.

Keywords: economic impact of China's accession to the World Trade Organization

1999165438+1October15th, China and the United States reached an agreement on China's accession to the World Trade Organization, which indicated that after 13 years of hard negotiations, China finally took a key step in joining the WTO. If it goes well, China will become a member of the World Trade Organization in the first half of 2000. China's accession to the WTO will have a far-reaching impact on China's economy, which we believe is mainly reflected in the following ten aspects:

1 Promote the process of reform and opening up.

Marked by China's accession to the WTO, China's reform and opening up will enter the second stage of development. Before China's entry into WTO, it was China's economic system reform.

In the first stage, we carried out reform and opening up according to the timetable designed by ourselves, and changed what first and then what.

Which areas are open and which areas are protected depend entirely on China's economic situation; This situation in China joined the world.

After the "Economic United Nations", the WTO will undergo fundamental changes, which will mark the integration of China's economy into the world.

In the overall development trend of the world economy, our reform and opening up will be carried out in accordance with the pace and rhythm of world economic development.

It will greatly accelerate the process of reform and opening up in China and enter a new era of all-round and multi-level opening up. You can do it.

Like a metaphor, like a farmer building a house and then building a wall. The last time we opened to the outside world was 1980.

A fence door was opened on the wall, through which people, materials, energy and information were exchanged with the outside world. Now,

Opening up now is to tear down the fence and let us truly integrate into the "global village" and become a member of the whole world economy.

An inseparable organic component.

2. Optimize the allocation of resources and adjust the industrial structure.

At present, the best way to allocate human resources is market economy. After China's accession to the WTO, our market economy will be in line with the world market.

Economic integration means that we will fully participate in the process of global resource allocation. China has a contrast.

Industries with advantages will grow and develop, industries without comparative advantages will be eliminated gradually, and industries in China will be eliminated.

The structure will be in line with the world industrial structure, which is of great significance to the development of China economy and the world economy

Meaning and influence. Under the condition of market economy, the adjustment of industrial structure is realized through the demise of old enterprises and the birth of new enterprises.

Nowadays, enterprises that can't adapt to market changes and don't conform to the direction of economic development will go bankrupt in large numbers, which represents the future economic development.

Enterprises in the direction will continue to emerge and grow. Under the condition of market economy, the cause of enterprise bankruptcy is not

The question of whether capital can repay debts is whether it can repay due debts. Enterprises that cannot repay due debts do not care whether capital can repay.

All debts must go bankrupt to pay off debts, so as not to form debt chains, triangular debts and other problems and ensure the normal operation of the market economy. market

The economy, like the human body, must be constantly metabolized. In the United States, about 30,000 enterprises go bankrupt every year.

There are 40,000 to 50,000 new enterprises. Only in this way can we maintain the healthy development of the economic body.

3. Promote the development of export trade.

After China's accession to the WTO, it will enjoy unconditional multilateral MFN treatment and the national treatment of 35 parties to the WTO/KLOC-0.

In case some countries have to cancel discriminatory trade policies against our goods and services to varying degrees, we will face more.

With favorable market access conditions, exports will increase; On the other hand, with China's import quotas and quantitative restrictions,

With the abolition of non-tariff barriers and the reduction of tariff level, imported goods will also flood in. The growth of import and export will

Of course, it will increase the depth and breadth of our participation in the international division of labor, thus making more effective use of resources and improving people's lives.

Level and welfare level. But in general, because the trade protection policies of major western countries are not very serious, China

Bilateral MFN agreements have been signed with many countries, so China may not promote China's exports after its accession to the WTO.

As expected, increasing exports will mainly depend on improving the international competitiveness of our products; Due to the import in our market

There will be a marked increase in the opening of the market, so China's trade surplus will be reduced or even possible after China's accession to the WTO.

There is a trade deficit.

4. Strengthen competition and enhance the vitality of enterprises.

After joining the WTO, we will take off our umbrellas for domestic enterprises and implement national treatment for foreign enterprises, so that China enterprises can

We must compete with foreign enterprises not only in the international market, but also in the domestic market. Let's go out together.

Competing with others, now that others come to our door to grab our market, China enterprises will lose their backyard. This requires

It is difficult for China enterprises to improve their management level, product quality and service level and enhance their vitality.

Survival and development in fierce competition. In the past, we often mentioned the slogan of protecting "national industries". Actually, now let's see.

The formulation of "national industry" in the future is actually unscientific. Under the current conditions of global economic integration, almost no one.

This industry is entirely owned by a nation. In contrast, in our view, the concept of "China industry" is more.

In line with reality. All enterprises registered in China, paying taxes for China and providing employment opportunities for China are China enterprises.

It includes both Chinese-funded enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises. After China's entry into the WTO, the competition will be mainly international rather than domestic enterprises.

China enterprises and foreign enterprises. We will face many powerful and internationally renowned multinational companies.

Division, the living environment of enterprises will be very difficult, and our business community should have a clear understanding of this.

Accelerate attracting foreign investment and promote economic growth.

In the past 20 years of reform and opening up, one of our greatest achievements has been to introduce a large number of foreign capital and establish a large number of foreign-funded enterprises.

Industry. Now these foreign-funded enterprises have played a very important role in China's economic development and achieved the goal of national production.

One third of the total value is in the world. After China's accession to the WTO, we will provide foreign investment in accordance with WTO regulations on investment liberalization.

Provide more favorable conditions for enterprises entering China, such as national treatment, relax restrictions on investment fields and equity restrictions, and cancel them

Provisions on the export ratio of products, etc. It can be expected that under the attraction of China, a market with great development potential,

After China joined the WTO, another round of foreign investment reached a climax. These foreign capitals, as well as the progress of advanced science and technology and management experience.

China's accession to the WTO will play a positive role in adjusting industrial structure, increasing employment and opening up the market, and will certainly boost economic growth.

China's new round of economic growth.

Participate in the formulation of world trade rules and safeguard their own economic interests.

Before joining the WTO, we were only passive executors of the rules of the international trade game, and we could only do it according to the set designed by others.

Road to participate in the competition, which will undoubtedly put us in a very unfavorable position, but also inconsistent with our international trade strength.

The position is extremely disproportionate. After joining WTO, we can change from a passive executor of the rules of international trade games to a participatory rules system.

Set, so that we can better safeguard our own interests and strive for equal and reasonable trade and development for ourselves.

Opportunities, but also can improve China's international status, as the largest developing country and one of the world's major trading countries.

The positive role and responsibility of big countries is to safeguard the economic interests of developing countries and establish a fair and just international economic order.

Contribute our strength.

Create favorable conditions for China to solve international trade disputes.

Before joining the WTO, when we had trade frictions or disputes with other countries, we all sought solutions on the basis of bilateral negotiations.

What needs to be solved is actually the contest of economic strength between the two sides in international trade negotiations, which will lead to many situations.

In the unfavorable situation, we have to make huge concessions and suffer losses. Besides, since we are not a member of the WTO, there is no

Applying WTO rules is also very unfavorable to us. For example, many countries often accuse China of dumping abroad. This kind of case will happen in

To apply its domestic law to deal with it, the result is often that China enterprises lose the case and are subject to high punitive tariffs. In fact,

It was squeezed out of the market. After China's accession to the WTO, these problems will be solved, and we can trade in the border areas of many countries according to the relevant provisions of the WTO.

It is not easy to handle and resolve trade disputes with other countries within the framework of the dispute settlement mechanism and turn people's swords into fish.

So as to effectively safeguard the interests of enterprises in China and China and promote the development of China's export trade.

8 will have a certain impact on our economy.

China's entry into WTO will have a great impact on China's economy, especially in agriculture, automobile, medicine and service industries. if we ...

If we can't deal with it seriously and take active and effective measures, it will definitely cause great losses to these industries. But these shocks are not

As terrible as people think, as long as we handle it properly, we can completely survive the crisis and achieve greater development. this

It can be seen from three aspects: First, China's re-entry into GATT and WTO accession negotiations have been going on for thirteen years, and the whole country has been facing such an impact.

Strike has made full preparations and will not be at a loss when the impact really comes; Secondly, after China's accession to the WTO, we will

China's opening up is not achieved in one step, but gradually realized, that is, a "soft landing", which will prepare us for the transformation.

Period, can gradually adapt to the fierce international market competition; Third, the WTO's "special safeguard clauses" for developing countries.

Paragraph "can form a protective film for us in an emergency, and the purpose of the WTO is to protect the economic development of member States, and

It is not to let the economies of member countries collapse or go bankrupt, so when the economies or industries of various countries are seriously impacted and cannot develop normally.

At that time, special protection policies can be implemented with reference to the "Special Protection Clause".

9 will bring positive effects of market expansion.

In the past, we often used domestic and foreign markets and resources. After China's entry into WTO, these two markets will be merged into one.

First, in this way, we can make full use of this extremely broad market and resources, on the one hand, improve enterprises in the fierce competition.

On the other hand, the management level and product service quality of the industry can expand production and realize economies of scale. Market expansion brings

The two effects of intensified competition and economies of scale are of great significance to the current economic situation in China. It not only

To solve the problem of weak domestic market and surplus products, enterprises need to increase investment in science and technology and continue to study.

Develop new products, overcome inertia, and develop and grow in the process of continuous survival; And the entry of foreign products and enterprises.

Entry will also play a positive role in stimulating domestic demand and call back people's desire to buy with brand-new marketing concepts and methods.

Domestic enterprises can learn many advanced experiences from them to provide better products and services for consumers.

Improve people's welfare level.

10 The employment structure will undergo major changes.

China's entry into the WTO will have a complex impact on China's employment, which is mainly reflected in the changes in the employment structure.

Let's go First of all, the employment of the primary industry and the secondary industry will gradually decrease, and the employment of the tertiary industry will increase substantially; that

Second, within the secondary industry, the employment of traditional industries will decrease, and the employment of emerging high-tech industries will continue to expand.

Quantity; From the perspective of ownership types, the employment of state-owned and collective enterprises will decline, and private and foreign-funded enterprises will absorb a large number of people.

Industry. As for the impact on total employment, we believe that in the short term, external shocks may lead to the vast majority of our country.

Several enterprises have to go through a process of adjustment, and the number of unemployed people will increase, but in the long run, with the economic growth, China

The employment situation will continue to improve, and China's accession to the WTO will eventually bring about an increase in total employment.

In a word, China's accession to the WTO is both an opportunity and a challenge, and we should treat this issue dialectically.

We should not be blindly optimistic or blindly pessimistic. The problem is how to seize this favorable opportunity to comprehensively promote China's economy.

In the process of economic system reform, we should actively adjust the industrial structure and product structure, give full play to China's comparative advantages, and realize capital.

Optimize the allocation of resources, achieve sustained and stable economic development, and build China into a powerful socialist country in 2 1 century.

Country.