I. Overview of Surveying and Mapping Engineering
Surveying and mapping engineering plays an important role in the construction industry, and the quality of surveying and mapping engineering technology directly affects the whole project. With the continuous development of economic construction in recent years, the surveying and mapping area involved is getting bigger and bigger, and the construction site is getting wider and wider. Surveying and mapping of various geological forms urgently needs technical upgrading and innovation. In the process of construction, surveying and mapping work encountered some technical problems, which affected and restricted the progress of the project to a certain extent, especially in some special geological areas. The main problem is that surveying and mapping technology affects the progress of the project, and surveying and mapping technology can not meet the engineering requirements. In the face of new forms and challenges, in the technical management of surveying and mapping engineering, we must come up with a set of practical surveying and mapping technical schemes that adapt to economic construction and development, so as not to hinder economic development, let surveying and mapping work play more space and meet the technical requirements of different regions and different geological environments.
Surveying and mapping engineering looks simple on the surface and actually involves a wide range. It involves not only ground space, but also ground vegetation and geological structure. First of all, from the engineering content of surveying and mapping, it is necessary to display the situation on the ground and the three-dimensional space on the ground in an identifiable plan, which is convenient for engineers and technicians to further study and provide technical reference materials for construction. Looks like a piece of paper, in fact, this drawing is all-encompassing, including too many material forms, covering almost all the surface landscape and geological conditions on the earth, especially for some special forms of areas, how to carry out surveying and mapping and research is increasingly testing the wisdom of surveyors. In the urban construction and regional development of China, the report of ground surveying and mapping is the premise of advance.
It is the primary work of surveyors to clearly show the ground morphology and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of geological environment, and it is also an important process of engineering construction. Only by comprehensively considering the geology and geomorphology of the scheduled construction area and using superb surveying and mapping technology to provide surveying and mapping research for the project implementation can the normal and smooth construction be guaranteed. If the preliminary surveying and mapping work is not in place, the surveying and mapping technology is not too hard, and the surface and ground conditions are not accurately measured. Once the problem is found, it will not only affect the progress of the project because of geological reasons, but also have a negative impact on the quality of the construction project. Therefore, the technical requirements of surveying and mapping work are high, and the treatment of key technical links is very important, which is also the reason why China's construction industry puts forward high requirements for surveying and mapping technology.
Second, several new features of new surveying and mapping technology
1 The new surveying and mapping technology has a high degree of automation.
The so-called new technology means upgrading, and there must be something advanced according to the existing technology. The new features of China's surveying and mapping in the new form are first manifested in the high automation of new surveying and mapping technology, which is a technical upgrade completed in an advanced computer system. The new surveying and mapping technology can draw a relatively accurate surveying and mapping map according to the actual geological and geomorphological characteristics and spatial environment. Because the new surveying and mapping technology has a new surveying and mapping system, that is, a sophisticated software processing related system. The software system of this new surveying and mapping technology is operated by computer information and completely controlled by computer when drawing skilled drawings.
2. The accuracy of surveying and mapping is greatly improved.
Using digital technology can effectively reduce errors and greatly improve the accuracy of surveying and mapping. In the new surveying and mapping technology, when surveying and mapping with remote sensing technology, the error of controlling the fixed point distance within 300m is only 2mm, and the error of topographic survey is only 18 mm, so the new surveying and mapping technology has unparalleled advantages. After the survey, all surveying and mapping data will be generated and transmitted by professional software systems, which can describe specific geological things and have good performance. Mapping map information resources are more abundant. Using the new technology of surveying and mapping, we can accurately analyze the environment and things around the measured object, draw more delicate and accurate graphics, search the information of surveying and mapping better, facilitate future inspection and use, and have rich surveying and mapping resources.
Third, the quality control of surveying and mapping technology application links
1 strengthen the inspection of surveying and mapping engineering data
(1) Check the image data. In the process of surveying and mapping data sorting and conversion, there will be hanging points and missing edges caused by errors. In the process of data checking, you can check and check the error records of graphics, the area of graphics and the errors between administrative regions. (2) Check the attribute data. The inspection of attribute data mainly includes the following aspects: table structure inspection, field value inspection, repetition number inspection, field value range inspection and enumeration inspection. (3) check the style. Checking the integrity of data is a style check. In different softwares, the symbol library and symbol methods are different, which leads to the incompatibility of colors and line widths of many drawings, and it is easy to make mistakes in the conversion process. Using corresponding element codes to correspond to different elements can solve the problem of style change caused by data conversion, thus ensuring the style of inspection.
2 process control of surveying and mapping engineering
In the process of surveying and mapping, we should check, supervise and control the surveying and mapping process, and control the surveying and mapping process through various means such as review. At the same time, in the process of surveying and mapping, the identification of surveying and mapping products should be recorded and the corresponding data should be accurately input to ensure the accuracy of all data.
3 Monitoring in the acceptance stage
In the acceptance stage, the staff should pay attention to the following points: (1) The inspection method should be correct; Technical indicators should be comprehensive; Technical parameters should be reasonable; Testing instruments should be accurate; Whether it has passed the inspection by a statutory inspection agency; Whether the inspection records in the inspection process have passed the audit, etc.
Four, special topographic surveying and mapping technology quality requirements standard
1 For some special surveying and mapping topography, besides technical support, we should also make good preparations for receiving and harvesting. Generally speaking, before the investigation, there are some preliminary records on the surrounding topography and ecological environment. Better understand the specific situation of this piece. Focus on visiting the measured area to provide guarantee for future surveying and mapping work.
Surveying and mapping tools are an important guarantee to complete surveying and mapping work, and also the basis for mapping technology to play its role. Before the special topographic surveying and mapping work is carried out, the professional surveying and mapping work that may be applied should be analyzed according to the detailed information prepared in the early stage.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
As far as the current situation of surveying and mapping in China is concerned, the surveying and mapping technology has been updated rapidly, and the modern computerized surveying and mapping system is gradually replacing the old surveying and mapping technology. This is the progress in the field of surveying and mapping, the progress of surveying and mapping technology and the great development of the overall level of the construction industry. The rapid economic development and the turmoil in the construction industry will inevitably bring another round of new changes to the surveying and mapping industry. Surveying and mapping technology will usher in great changes. In the process of manual mapping, semi-automatic mapping and computer system automatic mapping, new technologies and new challenges will inevitably bring new development of economic construction.
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