In July of the first year, Chen Sheng and Guangwu took the lead in anti-Qin, which received positive responses from the general public and various anti-Qin forces. In September of the same year, Xiang Liang and an uncle of Xiang Yu, a descendant of Xiang Yan, a famous Chu soldier, killed Huiji County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) to defend the Yintong Uprising and assembled more than 8,000 elite soldiers. Liu bang in peixian county (now Jiangsu province) from two thousand people; In addition, Ying Bu, Qin Jia, Chen Ying and Li Shang, the old nobles of the former six countries, such as Wei (now northeast Henan), Zhao (now south Hebei and north Henan) and Qi (now most of Shandong), rose one after another.
After the failure of Chen Sheng and the uprising, the old nobles of the original six countries fought for independence in succession, and the anti-Qin armed forces in various places continued to actively fight against Qin. In the spring of two years, Chen Sheng's rebel general Zhao Ping, who captured Guangling (now Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province), named Xiang Liang as a pillar country of the "Zhang Chu" peasant regime in the name of Chen Sheng, and suggested that he lead troops to the western expedition to Qin State. In March, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu led the troops across the river to the north, and along the way, they collected many anti-Qin armed forces, such as Chen Ying, Ying Bu, General Pu, etc., and defeated and occupied the east of Peng Cheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). Zhang Han, the general of Qin Dynasty, went north to Lixian County (now Xiayi, Henan Province) in order to destroy the anti-Qin forces of northern ministries one after another after defeating the peasant rebels in Chen Sheng and Guangwu. When Xiang Liang sent Zhu Jishi to fight against the unfavorable situation and retreat to Xue (now southeast of Tengzhou City, Shandong Province), Liu Bangling led the troops to meet him. At this time, the insurgents have grown to more than 65438+ 10,000 people. Xiang Liang learned the news of Chen Sheng's downfall, accepted Fan Zeng's suggestion, made Xiong Xin, the grandson of Chu Huaiwang who died in Qin, king, and still called Chu Huaiwang an anti-Qin voice. Xiang Liang claimed to be Wu Xinjun, who held the military and political power.
After defeating Zhu Jishi in Lixian County, Zhang Hanjun attacked the anti-Qin forces of Wei, Qi and Zhao, defeated the Qi-Wei allied forces in Lin Ji (now southwest of Henan placanticline) and attacked Dong 'e (now Acheng Town, northeast of Shandong Yanggu). Xiang Liang led the army to help Qi, and defeated the army at the gates of Dong 'e. The Chu army pursued Puyang eastward (now southwest of Puyang, Henan Province), then defeated Qin Jun and retreated to Puyang for defense. At the same time, Xiang Yu and Liu Bangling led the troops to attack Qin Jun in Chengyang (now southeast of the old city of Juancheng, Shandong Province), Qiu Yong (now Qixian, Henan Province), Dingtao (now northwest of Dingtao, Shandong Province) and Chenliu (now southeast of Kaifeng, Henan Province). In September, Zhang Han was supplemented, and the insurgents were wiped out in Dingtao area. Xiang Liang died in battle. In order to avoid being divided by Qin Jun, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang led troops to Pengcheng area, and Chu Huaiwang also moved to Pengcheng from Xu Tai (now the northeast of Xuyi, Jiangsu).
After Ding Tao defeated Xiang Liang, Zhang Han thought that Chu soldiers were not worried enough, so he led the army north to attack Zhao. In September of the same year, Handan (now Hebei), the capital of Zhao State, was captured. Zhao Wangxie and Zhang Zhaoxiang retreated from Xindu (now Xingtai City, Hebei Province) to Julu (now Pingxiang Town, southwest of Hebei Province). Zhang Han ordered Wang Li to lead an army of 200,000 to besiege Julu. After that, 200,000 people were stationed in the south ridge of Julu (now in the south of Pingxiang, Hebei Province), and a tunnel was built outside Julu (a grain transportation channel with earth walls on both sides) to supply Wang Li's army. Zhao Wangxie sent people to Pengcheng several times to ask Chu Jun for help. Chu Huaiwang appointed Yi Song as the general, Xiang Yu as the deputy general, and led the main force to go north to save Zhao; Liu Bang was sent to lead some troops (less than 10,000 people) to enter Xianyang (now the northeast of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province) by taking advantage of the emptiness in Guanzhong (referring to the area west of Hanguguan). In the winter and November of the third year (Qin system, early October), he led the army to Anyang (now Anyang City, Henan Province) and stayed for 46 days in an attempt to watch the war between Qin and Zhao, in order to benefit the fishermen. The weather is cold and rainy, the army is short of food, the foot soldiers are frozen and hungry, and the giant deer is in danger. 1 1 month, Xiang Yu repeatedly suggested going north to save Zhao immediately, but he didn't listen and ordered the army to behead all disobedient people. Drinking all day. Xiang Yu then killed Yi Song. Chu Huaiwang changed Xiang Yu to a general and led the army to save Zhao. At that time, Zhao Jiang, Chen Yu and Yan Qi and other countries were afraid of Qin Jun and did not dare to go to war.
In December, Xiang Yu led more than 20,000 people through Zhangshui to save Zhao with Ying Bu and General Pu, and won the first battle. Chen Yu invited reinforcements. So, Xiang Yu personally led the main force to cross the river, ordered the sinking of the ship and the breaking of the "cauldron" (cooker), and each person only brought three days' rations to show his determination to fight to the death. To Julu, Qin Jun met, fought nine times, Qin Jun was defeated, and the tunnel was destroyed. He killed Su Jiaojiao, the general of Qin State, captured Wang Li and committed suicide (see the Battle of Julu). The vassal army and others respected Xiang Yu as a vassal general. Later, Xiang Yu attacked the south bank of Zhangshui with 56 points, and repeatedly defeated Qin Jun. Zhang Han failed to make peace and led the army to retreat. Xiang Yu chased General Pu to Sanjiujin (now Linzhang West, Hebei Province) and then defeated Qin Jun, led the army to withdraw south. Xiang Yu was personally led by Chu army and vassal army, and was defeated in Khan (a tributary of Zhangshui River, located near Linzhang, Hebei Province today). Zhang Han was defeated by Lien Chan, accused by Qin Ershi, and was in a desperate situation. In July, he led 200,000 troops to surrender to Chu (see The Battle of Dirty). At this point, all the main forces in Qin Jun have been wiped out. Xiang Yu marched straight into the customs.
In February of three years, Liu Bang led an army to the west from the Party (now Mangshan Town, northeast of Yongcheng, Henan Province). Liu bang used flexible tactics to avoid tackling key problems and take advantage of it. Before attacking Changyi (now Juye South, Shandong Province), it turned west to attack Chenliu, and then detoured south, out of the dangerous road of Yuanyuan Pass (now southeast of Yanshi, Henan Province), and conquered Wancheng (now Nanyang, Henan Province), constantly developing and expanding its ranks along the way. In August, Zhang bribed Qin Jun generals and used their advantages to attack Wuguan, an important pass in Guanzhong (now southeast Shaanxi). At that time, the main force was annihilated by Xiang Yu, and the internal contradictions of the Qin ruling group intensified. Prime Minister Zhao Gao forced him to kill II and made Zi Ying king of Qin. In September, Zi Ying killed Zhao Gao and sent troops to Miguan (now southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi). Liu Bang bypassed the customs and fought with Qin Jun in Lantian. He won three victories and lost three, and broke it. The army went to Tuba (now southeast of Xi, Shaanxi Province) and reached Xianyang. In October of the first year of Emperor Gaudi (206 BC), Zi Ying, king of Qin, went to war. Liu bang invaded Xianyang and Qin died.
Comments: In this campaign, the rebel army inherited the political slogan of Chen Sheng and "There is no way to attack Qin" ("Historical Records of Chen She Family"), United the anti-Qin forces in various places and overthrew the Qin Dynasty. With the determination to "cross the rubicon" in the battle of Julu, Xiang Yu won nine wars and wiped out Wang from the army, and forced him to land in Tingshui with active and continuous operations, thus wiping out the main force. Liu Bang took advantage of the gap of less troops, flexible tactics, and focused on uniting and integrating the armed forces along the way to strengthen himself, and finally occupied Xianyang and Qin Dou.