I. The Rise of the Democratic Revolution
At the initiative of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, in 1905, the Zhong Xing Association and some members of revolutionary groups such as Huaxing Association and Guangfu Association established the China League in Tokyo, Japan.
19110 June10, Wuchang Uprising broke out. Under the leadership of the revolution, the revolutionary army was brave and invincible, and soon occupied Wuchang City. The revolutionaries changed the country name to the Republic of China and elected Sun Yat-sen as the interim president of the Republic of China. However, the victory of the Revolution of 1911 was stolen by Yuan Shikai.
1965438+In March 2002, Yuan Shikai was appointed as the interim president of the Republic of China in Beijing. The Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen was a great bourgeois-democratic revolution in modern China, which overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy that ruled China for more than two thousand years. This is a great change and progress in China society! Although this revolution did not change the nature of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, it opened the way for the development of new revolutionary struggles in the future. ?
Second, the rule of the northern warlords.
1965438+On May 4th, 2009, more than 3,000 Beijing students held a demonstration in front of Tiananmen Square. The May 4th patriotic movement was a patriotic movement that was thoroughly anti-imperialist and anti-feudal. In this movement, the proletariat of China began to step onto the political stage, showing great strength. China's advanced intellectuals have played an important role.
The May 4th patriotic movement took place after the October socialist revolution in Russia, which was a part of the proletarian world revolution and promoted the propaganda of Marxism.
Third, the development of the national revolution.
1924 1 month, the Kuomintang of China held its first national congress in Guangzhou, implementing the policy of uniting with Russia to accommodate * * *, and cooperating with the * * * production party of the Soviet Union and China. The two countries began to cooperate for the first time, which opened the prelude to the national revolution.
1925 In July, the National Government was established in Guangzhou. 1On July 9, 926, the National Government began the Northern Expedition, and the National Revolutionary Army set out from Guangdong, and successively wiped out the old Beiyang warlords such as Wu and Sun in Lianke Changsha, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai, and the national revolution entered a climax.
With the successive victories of the Northern Expedition, the contradiction between China and the Kuomintang, and between the left and the right became increasingly fierce. 1April 927 12, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, which led to the public breakdown of the first state-to-state cooperation. On July 15 of the same year, Wang Jingwei put forward the slogan of "Kill thousands of people rather than let a fish slip through the net" in order to slaughter * * * producers and revolutionary masses, and wantonly slaughtered * * * producers and revolutionary masses, which is known as the "July 15" counter-revolutionary coup. Since then, civil war has replaced unity and dictatorship has replaced democracy. The vigorous national revolution failed.
On the one hand, the failure of the national revolution was due to the joint support of international imperialism for the rebellion of the Kuomintang Rightists, and the counter-revolutionary forces greatly exceeded the revolutionary forces; On the other hand, China's * * * production party is still in its infancy and lacks struggle experience. In the later period of the national revolution, leader Chen Duxiu made the mistake of right capitulationism and gave up the leadership of the revolution, so that when the enemy launched a sudden attack, he could not effectively organize the people to resist.
Five, the country * * * ten years of confrontation
1 August 9271day, the Nanchang Uprising led by Zhou Enlai, Tan Pingshan, Ye Ting, Zhu De and Liu Bocheng was the Wuchang Revolutionary Uprising inherited by Sun Yat-sen during the Agrarian Revolutionary War. China united with the left wing of the Kuomintang and fired the first shot of armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries, which opened the prelude to the independent leadership of China's * * production party. On September 9th, Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising and founded the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base. Created a new situation of separation of workers and peasants.
1931September 18, the September 18th Incident broke out. The contradiction between Japan and China further intensified, and the position of Japanese headquarters, as the main battle of Japan, rose, which led Japan to embark on the road of full-scale aggression against China and laid the fuse for the full-scale outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The Japanese Kwantung Army occupied three northeastern provinces of China, and established the puppet regime of Manchukuo in the northeast by using Puyi, the former Qing emperor who took refuge in Japan, and implemented colonial rule for 14 years.
1934 10 The main force of the Central Red Army began the Long March. In June of the same year 165438+ 10 and April of the following year, the Red 25th Army in the revolutionary base areas of Hubei, Henan and Anhui and the Red Fourth Army in the revolutionary base areas of Sichuan and Shaanxi started the Long March respectively. 1935, 1 1 year 10. In October, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps in the revolutionary base areas in western Hunan and Hubei also left the base areas to start the Long March.
1June, 936, the Second and Sixth Legions formed the Second Army. In June 5438+10, the first, second and fourth armies of the Red Army joined forces in Huining, Gansu, ending the Long March. Among them, the Red Army's Long March lasted for one year and moved to eleven provinces, with the longest journey of about 25,000 miles. 1936 65438+February 12 Xi' an incident established the idea of anti-Japanese national United front.
Sixth, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
193 1 year. After the September 18th Incident, the Japanese invaders completely occupied the northeast of China and established the puppet Manchukuo. Since then, they have created troubles and provoked wars in North China and Shanghai, while the National Government adopted a compromise policy to avoid the conflict from expanding. 1On July 7, 937, the Japanese army provoked the Lugouqiao Incident near Beiping, and the Sino-Japanese war broke out in an all-round way. 194 1 year 65438+February 7th, after Japan launched the Pacific War, Chongqing National Government officially declared war on Japan on February 9th, 65438. On August 1945, Japan surrendered unconditionally to the allied forces.
China battlefield is one of the main battlefields in World War II. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the people of China, was an important part of the Second World War. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the people of China, is the greatest patriotic war in the history of the Chinese nation, a just war of China people against Japanese imperialist aggression, an important part of the world anti-fascist war, and the first national liberation war in which China won a complete victory against foreign aggression in modern times.
Seven. war of liberation
1August 1945 to1June 1950, the China People's Liberation Army, under the leadership of China's * * * Production Party and with the support of the broad masses of the people, waged a war to overthrow the Kuomintang rule and liberate the whole of China. During this period, * * * annihilated more than 6.25 million Kuomintang troops, destroyed reactionary Kuomintang regimes at all levels, and fundamentally overthrew the rule of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism in China. 1 949101October1,People's Republic of China (PRC) was proclaimed.
References:
Modern History of China (History of China)-Baidu Encyclopedia
Liberation War-Baidu Encyclopedia
War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression-Baidu encyclopedia
* * Civil War _ Baidu Encyclopedia