The ancestors of Icelanders were immigrants from western Norway from the 9th century to10th century. Because Iceland is far away from the European continent, Icelandic has always maintained the characteristics of the western dialect of old Norwegian, and its vocabulary is rarely influenced by foreign words. Some linguists call it one of the "most conservative" languages in Europe. Icelandic once absorbed the words of Danish, Celtic, Latin and Romance, but after19th century, due to the development of pure language movement, these loanwords have given way to Icelandic. Scientific and engineering terms are also made up of Icelandic elements. Grammatical changes in case, nominal differences, personal changes at the end of verbs, and syllable combinations, especially the combination of the first syllable, all retain the characteristics of old Scandinavian. Modern Icelanders can still read the ancient Icelandic epic written 1000 years ago. Iceland's most famous classical literary work is Sakya, Iceland, which is an epic prose written when people began to settle in Iceland, mainly containing heroic stories and family legends. Among them, the most famous are Nial's epics Brennu-Njáls saga, Niyar Saga and GR &；; AeligNlendinga and Eiríks ".
Iceland's cultural achievements at the end of the 20th century.
Sugar cube, bjork (bj & amp；; Oumlrk) rk) Singer at the opening ceremony of the 2004 Olympic Games, Sigur Rós Iceland's almost national treasure band, founded in 1994. The band members are jón tor (jónsi) birgisson (lead singer and guitarist) and georg holm (bassist) ágúst (drummer). Sigur Ros brings unique, beautiful and energetic natural scenery music like their hometown to the audience. Its beauty cannot be expressed in words. Walking into their music atmosphere, you can feel the unique purity and tranquility brought by Iceland, the faint haze under the endless sky and the endless ice sheet give people a broad feeling.
Mumm, an electronic psychedelic band from Iceland, inherits Iceland's consistent ethereal style, mysterious electronic soundtrack and singer's gibberish, which goes straight into people's hearts and soul.
Jaldo Kiljan Laxenis (1902 ~ 1995) was originally named Hador guz Jon Jonson. His major works include the three-volume novel sarca Valka, The Independent Man, The Light of the World and the historical novel The Bell in Iceland. 1955 The work The Fisherman's Daughter won the Nobel Prize in Literature. Reason for winning the prize: "Iceland's excellent narrative literature skills are more magnificent for the vivid and epic power revealed in its works." Icelanders are friendly and straightforward to foreigners. Icelanders, including friends and strangers, usually greet each other by their first names, and sometimes hold face-to-face ceremonies on welcome occasions.
Icelanders have a strong sense of time, and it is generally necessary to make an appointment to meet Icelanders. In Iceland, it is more common to invite guests to their homes instead of going to restaurants.
Icelandic law allows homosexuals to register as spouses.
Iceland's eating habits are similar to those in Europe, and the cooking in hotel restaurants is the same as that in Europe, with western food as the mainstay. Because there is the purest air and water in the world and the best hot springs. Or is it because Iceland is a mysterious country: compared with other Nordic countries, Iceland looks primitive and people are very close to nature.
Generally, you can fly to Reykjavik via Frankfurt and icelandair, because there are many flights in Frankfurt, and there is a great possibility of discount. Some airlines can stop in Iceland on the way from London to new york, and some passengers take advantage of their connecting flight to soak in hot springs for several hours. This arrangement is more suitable for business guests.
When arriving in Reykjavik, the first stop for tourists is often the blue lagoon, which is 20 kilometers away from the airport. It is a hot spring surrounded by sapphires in black volcanic rocks, and the surrounding soil is white. Because the water quality and the soil around the pool are rich in rare minerals.
Hot spring city near Reykjavik is a place worth visiting. All kinds of flowers, trees and buildings here are simply the reappearance of fairyland in Nordic fairy tales.
Iceland is famous for its cold climate and less pollution. Necklaces in ancient Nordic characters are also souvenirs worth taking back. Iceland has three national parks:
The National Park is the former site of Parliament, located in the southwest of Iceland, 50 kilometers east of the capital. In 930 AD, early Icelandic immigrants held the first National People's Congress here, and established the world's earliest elected parliament and the first Icelandic Constitution. It has beautiful scenery and is famous for its fractured valleys in Europe, Asia and the United States and its pure and deep parliamentary lake. This park is also a world cultural and natural heritage scenic spot.
Skav tafel, located in the southeast of Iceland, is the largest national park and nature reserve in Iceland. The park integrates glaciers, volcanoes, canyons, forests and waterfalls, with spectacular scenery.
Glacier Canyon River National Park (J&; OumlKullsargljufur), located in northern Iceland, is the largest waterfall and one of the longest canyons in Europe, and is the habitat of birds.
Blue Lake
The blue lagoon seems to be the most typical propaganda photo in Iceland. Many people will soak in the light blue hot springs. Out of the airport, the geographical landscape began to change obviously. There are occasional small fishing villages near coastal roads. After entering the inland, the roads on both sides are even more desolate. The endless volcanic lava is covered with moss, like a soft carpet on the ground.
glacier
There are four major glaciers in Iceland, the most famous of which is the Vatna Glacier, the largest in Europe, and the Neifer Glacier, which historians call "the gateway to the center of the earth". Driving snow jeeps and motorcycles here will give you the unique enjoyment of running on the ice sheet. The peculiar topography of the central plateau of Iceland attracts many tourists to fully enjoy the wonders of nature here. Whether climbing a mountain on foot or driving a four-wheel drive in this seemingly undeveloped virgin land, it can bring extraordinary feelings.
Zhu Zhen building
The Pearl Tower, which looks like a crystal ball, is a hemispherical building built by the Capital Hot Water Supply Company. There are exhibition halls, hot spring models, restaurants and so on. Visitors can enjoy the city scenery through the telescope installed on the observation deck.
The pulse of the earth
Golden Waterfalls, Geysers and National Parks constitute Iceland's famous Golden Ring Tour. The torrent of melting snow and ice poured down from the mountain, roaring and roaring, and the rainbow across the sun was colorful; The towering water column spews out from the surface again and again, just like the burning breath of nature; The only place on the surface where the European plate and the American plate share. Iceland has a cold temperate maritime climate with changeable climate. Affected by the Gulf Stream.
June-September and1-March are the most suitable seasons for traveling. 65438+ 10 to March, Reykjavik can arrange skating, ice fishing, snowmobiling, cross-country hunting trips and other wonderful activities. The tourist season begins in early June, but bus tours in some highlands will not start until July. After mid-August every year, Iceland's tourism fever will decrease.