Dr. Sun Yat-sen is a great pioneer of China's democratic revolution. He spent his whole life transforming China, leaving an indelible contribution in history and a precious legacy for his successors.
Give up the reform and join the anti-Qing revolution.
1In the autumn of 892, Sun Yat-sen went to Macau to practice medicine. While practicing medicine, he often got together with his classmates to talk about saving the country, hoping that the Qing government would have the determination to reform. 1894, Sun Yat-sen wrote his own opinion into a political book with more than 8,000 words and forwarded it to Li Hongzhang, a powerful faction of the dynasty, hoping to be adopted. However, Li Hongzhang refused to meet with him, leaving the 28-year-old Sun Yat-sen completely disillusioned with the Qing court.
1894165438+10 In October, Sun Yat-sen and more than 20 progressive overseas Chinese founded the Zhong Xing Club in Hawaii, USA, and shouted the slogan of "rejuvenating China" for the first time. The establishment of the Zhong Xing Society opened the prelude to the bourgeois-democratic revolutionary movement in China.
1895 65438+1In late October, Sun Yat-sen arrived in Hong Kong from Hawaii to launch the Guangzhou Uprising. However, due to the leakage of the uprising plan, the first uprising led by Sun Yat-sen was aborted, and he himself had to go into exile 16 years.
1905 On August 20th, the China Alliance initiated by Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing was formally established in Tokyo, Japan. Subsequently, in the preface of People's Daily, the publication of the League, Sun Yat-sen first put forward the three principles of "national civil rights and people's livelihood", which provided a prescription for China, which was poor and weak.
Sun Yat-sen said in a historical document: "So which road should we take to save this China today? We just want to take this revolutionary road and use this revolutionism to save this China. "
However, the revolution cannot happen overnight. From 1906 to 19 10, all eight uprisings led by Sun Yat-sen failed within four years.
The Revolution of 1911 successfully overthrew the Millennium monarchy.
19 1 1 At the beginning of the year, Sun Yat-sen received overseas donations and decided to revolt again in Guangzhou. On April 27th, the uprising broke out. The revolutionaries were outnumbered and suffered heavy casualties. The uprising failed again.
In September of the same year, the Qing government urgently transferred Hubei new army into Sichuan to suppress the road protection movement, so Wuchang troops were empty, and Hubei League revolutionaries keenly seized the opportunity of the uprising. 1911June 10, Hubei new army fired the first shot of the Xinhai revolution under the planning of the regiment. After a night of fierce fighting, Wuchang Uprising won.
The Revolution of 1911, like a storm, opened the feudal floodgates for thousands of years, and the autocratic monarchy collapsed overnight. The concept of democracy and harmony has been deeply rooted in people's hearts and is unstoppable. 1965438+2002 1 month 1 day, Sun Yat-sen was sworn in as the interim president of the Republic of China.
The second revolution to defend the country and the monarchy died out.
1965438+On August 25th, 2002, Dr. Sun Yat-sen joined the League and four other small parties to form the Kuomintang, aiming at realizing the "revolutionary ideal" through the "parliamentary road". However, under the strong pressure of imperialism and feudalism, Sun Yat-sen only became the temporary president of 9 1 day, so he had to resign and give way to Yuan Shikai the day after the abdication of the Qing emperor, and then dissolved the Southern Revolutionary Army.
1965438+On March 20th, 2003, Song, acting chairman of the Kuomintang, was stabbed to death. Song's blood taught a painful lesson to Kuomintang people who were keen on party cabinet and parliamentary politics.
1965438+July 2003 12, the second revolution broke out and ended in failure in less than two months. Sun Yat-sen fled abroad again. 1965438+In July, 2004, Sun Yat-sen convened some Kuomintang party member in Tokyo to establish the China Revolutionary Party, aiming at re-establishing the Revolutionary Party.
19 16 On New Year's Day, Yuan Shikai ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, and the whole country was in an uproar. Revolutionaries once again gathered under the banner of begging Yuan to defend the hard-won peace. Yuan Shikai, who was under siege, had to announce the abolition of the imperial system on March 22, and his dream of being an emperor only lasted for 83 days. 17 days later, Sun Yat-sen of Japan invited friends to take this photo and wrote "Imperial Government cancels a smile".
Two attempts to protect the law failed, but I still turned to the state for help.
In July of A.D. 19 17, the northern warlords headed by Duan dissolved the National Assembly and abandoned the interim constitution. Sun Yat-sen established a military government in Guangzhou and was elected as a grand marshal to fight for the protection of the law. However, Sun Yat-sen was squeezed out by warlords and politicians in the military government and had to resign as the Grand Marshal in May 19 18.
1919 10 June10 Sun Yat-sen reorganized China Revolutionary Party into China Kuomintang. 192 1 On April 7, 2000, the extraordinary session of the National Assembly and the joint session of the Senate and the House of Representatives elected Sun Yat-sen as the extraordinary president. 1May, 922, Sun Yat-sen's Northern Expedition commanded warlords. Unexpectedly, Chen Jiongming, a Guangdong warlord in the rear, defected and shelled the presidential palace, and Sun Yat-sen escaped into the Yongfeng ship. The failure of the second war of protecting the law marked the failure of the old democratic revolution led by the bourgeoisie in China.
A new understanding of the three people's principles: the two parties join hands in revolution.
1922 In September, with the help of the Third International and China * * * Production Party, Sun Yat-sen began to reorganize the Kuomintang. Subsequently, leaders such as Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and Zhang joined the Kuomintang.
1923 65438+ 10, Sun Yat-sen and Soviet Union representative Yue Fei published the Sun Wen Yue Fei Declaration, which laid the foundation for the policy of alliance with Russia.
1924 65438+ 10, with the participation and help of China * * * producers, Sun Yat-sen held the first national congress of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou. The congress adopted a declaration drafted by producers of * * * with anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism as the main content, reinterpreted the Three People's Principles, and determined the three major policies of uniting Russia, uniting with * * * and assisting the peasants and workers. * * * party member Li Dazhao, Mao Zedong, Qu Qiubai and others 10 were elected as executive members or alternate executive members of the Kuomintang Central Committee, accounting for about 1/4 of the total number of members. Subsequently, most parts of the country reorganized or established the Kuomintang party departments at all levels with party member and the Kuomintang leftists as the backbone. The first cooperation between the two countries was formally established, and the vigorous Great Revolution began.